Car "Ibhadi": ukuguqulwa kunye neempawu

Car "Ibhadi", apho uguqulelo ineenketho eziliqela, omnye uthotho iilori ukukhanya zasekhaya. Amaziko Imveliso ephambili ekuveliseni yesithuthi ingabekwa Gorky Automobile Plant. Kwakhona isebenza izityalo ezininzi kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, eziqulathe indibano imoto ungamalungu ugqibile. Le modeli lokuqala baqalisa ukuza kwimveliso emva Juni 1994. Machine ethandwa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ezoqoqosho, kubandakanya uthutho, ezolimo, kwinqanaba mveliso. Cinga iimpawu zayo, parameters kunye neemodeli, nto leyo eye elinesibini ezininzi ngexesha ngawo.

ulwazi jikelele

Car "Ibhadi", eziqwalasela ezinye uguqulelo kancinane, imveliso mass iye yavela njenge lomzekelo ndingaz-3221. Lo matshini uba wamavili obuziimitha 2.9 kwisiseko ubukhulu. izixhobo Basic kuquka auto izitulo abakhweli ezisibhozo, ngaphandle ukuyilawula. Lungisa eyenziwe velor okanye leatherette.

Xa ekwindla ka-1998 kwafika ukuguqulwa "Sobol". Van axhotyiswe izihlalo ezintandathu kunye nophahla ukuphakama eqhelekileyo. Kwiinkonzo ezizodwa kwaye lulungiselelwe sithwala esebenza ukwahluka kunye izihlalo elinanye. isihlalo-anesibhozo "Barguzin" yaqaliswa ngo-1999. Ithe ke yakuba ilondele understated kophahla, ephakamisa ucango emva, ngendlela ephuculiweyo elingaphakathi, simthelekisa izixhobo umgangatho evenini.

Ukongeza, i "Gazel" ulungiso imoto isicwangciso ilandelayo: "Business," "elandelayo," "Van", "Farmer" kunye nezinye iimodeli, ukucoca ezahlukeneyo emhlabeni, design Ingaphandle, lungiselelo elingaphakathi kunye nezinye iparameters zobugcisa.

Gaz-3302

Le moto ukuya uluhlu lwezithuthi emoyeni exhotyiswe isisu semoto cab kunye nomthwalo isalathiso amandla iitoni enye enesiqingatha. Lo matshini eveliswa ngo-1994, yathotyelwa kwimeko maxesha ngo-2003 no-2010. Le ukwahluka lokugqibela kolu ngcelele yathiywa igama "Business".

Ubunzulu truck yimitha enye ngokusebenzisa iprofayili ivili ephantsi, nto leyo lula kakhulu ukukhweliswa nokothula inkqubo. inkqubo brake disk sibonelela yokumisa ekhawulezayo nekhuselekileyo kwesithuthi. Ngowe-'95 kwakukho uthotho elincinane-wheel ezine drive iinguqulelo phantsi isiqu 33-027, enokusetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zomhlaba.

A isici esasenza apho got iimoto "Ibhadi" (uguqulelo kancinane, eyapapashwa ngo-2002), oko evuthelweyo isakhelo. Umsebenzi imoto kwakujongwa umsebenzi iivenkile imoto ibe yingxubuwa nezigadla. Developers ngenxa yokwanda kukugcina mayixhotyiswe ilori imithombo kamva ngakumbi ngcono asi diff.

Version of "umfama" yaye "Van"

Le isithuthi ( "Farmer") ntli ukuya abakhweli ezintlanu, okanye elinye kwitoni imithwalo. umgca Release kwaqala ngo-1995. iimpawu ziye zabangela ukuthandwa imoto kwingingqi amashishini amancinane kunye naphakathi. Ibhasi "Farmer" ndafumana umzimba kunye ezimbini neengcango ukufikelela ngasemva kufuneka ukuba sihlale isihlalo umkhweli ngaphambili.

Isithuthi "Ibhadi" zolungiso "Van" ngaba inobunzima iitoni 1.35 kunye nezihlalo ezimbini umkhweli ngayo. Le ndlela yasetyenziswa kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• CIT cars vehicles;
• iilebhu mobile;
• oomatshini kunye nokhathalelo olungxamisekileyo;
• izithuthi ezizodwa izakhiwo MIA.

Loo umfuziselo ndingaz-2705 series lwenziwa ngenxa kwezithuthi ezizodwa ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.

"Ibhadi Okulandelayo": ukuguqulwa ingakumbi

Olu phuhliso entsha ziingcali ze-Gorky Automobile Plant yaziswa ngo-2012. In design and "Akunakuba 'ukuba imoto entsha ngokupheleleyo kuthelekiswa neyezingaphambili. nucleoside Previous iimoto bafumene kuphela isakhelo, umqadi ngasemva kunye gearbox.

Njengoko isityalo amandla isebenzisa injini ipetroli okanye udidi diesel UMP "Cummins Daimler". Ezi injini kunye radiator nokwanda kuzo ukuphelisa ithuba nobushushu. Nayiphi imodeli isiseko kufakwa steering osebenza ngamanzi. ukhuseleko kuso kuqinisekiswa namabhanti okhuseleko zaphuculwa kwaye airbag (azifumaneki kuzo zonke iinguqulelo).

Iparameters Auto "Landelayo"

Cinga parameters ezisisiseko umatshini "Ibhadi elandelayo". Ukuguqulwa iimpawu zobugcisa kunye nesicwangciso ngokubanzi phantse twatse. Ezi ziquka:

• ubude / ububanzi / ubude - 5.48 / 2.38 / 2.57 imitha;
• ubukho ngogesi;
• column esungulayo adjustable;
• locking central;
• silungiswa izikhundla ezimbalwa esihlalweni yomqhubi.

Ngaphandle, imoto waba impendulo umcephe ngakumbi. Oku kubangelwa kukwanda kwi ububanzi elorini milimitha 40 understating yayo iisentimitha ngaphezu ezisixhenxe. Ukutyala waba bekhululekile xa ngokwandisa imilinganiselo emnyango.

Okunye ku "Landelayo" imifuziselo

Isithuthi "Ibhadi", ulungiso isithombe uchazwe apha ngasentla ukuze iiseti eziliqela epheleleyo. Abathengi kufuneka models ezilandelayo:

1. ezimotweni Isothermal.
2. izithuthi impahla eyenziweyo.
3. Europlatforms.

Zonke iimoto mayixhotyiswe ipetroli okanye injini diesel, kwakunye isakhelo standard okanye evuthelweyo.

incazelo

Ukuguqulwa omtsha "Ibhadi" GAS-A22 Umshini ibhodi nge-mqolo ezimbini ukuze kufundwe izihlalo ezisixhenxe. Ngaphandle standard ufakelo kunye izakhelo elongeziweyo. A ukhetho injini ipetroli yasekhaya okanye analogu diesel wokwenziwa amazwe.

Usapho "Okulandelayo" ikwabhekisa umfuziselo ndingaz-A21 lixhotyiswe ekharejini kumqolo ezintathu. Kwakhona ifumaneka kwiiyantlukwano ezimbini zodidi nezesakhelo kwaye powertrains.

Ibhasi elinethoba A64-R42 uhlobo abakhweli kwenziwa kuphela diesel "Cummins". Ukongeza, ngokusekelwe imoto wavelisa iilori yokulahla, bemlandela iilori, iibhasi zesikolo, machines inkonzo yomlilo.

zokulungisa injini

"Ibhadi" njani kuxhotyiswa iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo amandla. Makhe sihlolisise ukwehluka diesel Cummins ISF 2.8. Le yunithi uyahlangabezana neemfuneko "Euro-4". Ukhuseleko motor resource malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi kwiikhilomitha. dynamics High e imithwalo ubuninzi inika badibanise ngokupheleleyo torque kunye ngokulinganayo transmission amagiya.

Isixhobo ibandla eTshayina, kodwa izahlulo becala American, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba usizo kwalo kunye nokuthembeka. ukucaciswa motor:

• uhlobo - i diesel injini-cylinder ezine;
• ixabiso umda amandla - 120 "amahashe" kwi-36,000 ngomzuzu imizuzwana 60;
• umthamo yokusebenza seelitha 2.8;
• Ucinezelo - 16.5;
• Wamzalela / Stroke - 94/100 mm.

Ezi zilandelayo iimpawu zepetroli analogu esetyenziswa kwi "Ibhadi".

UMP (EvoTech 2.7)

iyunithi parameters:

• uhlobo --stroke ezine ipetroli injini, baxhotyiswa kunye inaliti ulawulwa kunye nenkqubo ucinezelo kunye isilawuli;
• amandla kunye Isantya - 106.8 enjini kwi amawaka amane ngomzuzu;
• ucinezelo ratio - 10;
• umthamo ukusebenza - 2.7 iilitha;
• zobukhulu cylinder - 96,5 mm ubukhulu.

unit balungisa "kubadle" ishumi ekhulwini ngaphantsi ipetroli, abe akumgangatho torque kunye namandla. I-injini elula, siyafana kwi "Euro 5" umgangatho eyenziwe aluminium eliphambili. Motor ngokukhethwa Korea (LG), IsiJamani (Bosch) kunye iindawo American (sempahla).

Kits ezinyuselweyo iimpawu eziphambili mveliso, kuquka indibano camshafts, umbane kunye piston. Motor zeendawana senziwa boqobo kuyilo-cylinder ezine kunye semigudu ezisibhozo.

Gaz-32213 no -322 132

iimoto khulu "Ibhadi" kula manqaku aneempawu efanayo. Model 32213 iveliswa ukusukela ngo-2003, iqulathe abakhweli ezilishumi elinesithathu. Ibhekisa iimpawu van abakhweli gumbi ihlala izixhobo phaya phezulu. Le moto uye zigaba eziliqela ngokwala maxesha.

KwiinguQu 322132 ke iteksi kunye nomnyango ecaleni a. imveliso Automotive kwaqala ngo-1996. Ukususela Ezinye imoto nucleoside ezahlukeneyo yezitshixo ingaphakathi ubukho amacwecwe osecaleni abakhweli. Ngowe-2005, iinjineli ziye ubuyekeze zokufudumeza ngaphakathi, efakiweyo inkqubo ABS, waqala ukwenza ngaphandle umbala umzimba umbala omthubi.

Malunga Model 3221

Qala siphu- phantse yonke umkhweli "Ibhadi" lisukela emva entwasahlobo ka-1996. Ekuqaleni, lo imoto waba yokusebenza eqhelekileyo yaye ukwamkela abakhweli ezisibhozo.

Yotshintsho le moto unalo maxesha alandelayo:

1. 1996 - kukho iinguqulelo kunye drive lonke-wheel.
2. 2003 - yenzelwe kwaye ifakwe inkqubo umoya kunye zokufudumeza ezihlaziyiweyo.
3. 2005 - nto imiselwe ku-ABS.
4. 2008 - ziyaphuhliswa kwaye zibekwe ukusebenza evenini yabantwana ezizodwa kaThixo, ukuba iimpawu ezifanelekileyo izixhobo kunye nokhuseleko zothutho.

Okwangoku, lo ngumfuziselo ikhoyo yenziwa phantsi kwegama "Business" kwaye ezingaphezu kweshumi.

Nezinye ezisisiseko

Ngokusekelwe "Ibhadi" isiqinisekiso inani iimoto ekuveliseni kumazwe ico. Phakathi kwabo:

1. "URute" - imoto eveliswe Ukraine (ukulungisa mveliso kwi Time Yar). Kujongwe ukuba izithuthi zikawonkewonke zasekuhlaleni.
2. Semar - Machine eyenziweyo izityalo bake autorepair. Umgca iquka iveni, ibhasi, iibhasi zesikolo kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa.
3. Mytishchi isityalo uvelisa iilori yeflakisi, ezimotweni igqunyiwe, iilori refrigerated kunye nezinye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ngokusekelwe "Ibhadi Okulandelayo".

ekukwazini

Ukususela kunyaka amawaka amabini umkhweli "Ibhadi" abahlala Akukho ekhulwini ngaphantsi kwe-50 kurhwebo nokhenketho. Kutshanje, nangona kunjalo, oku brand babhaca imifuziselo mihla imveliso kumazwe angaphandle ( "Ford Transit", "Renault Trafic", "uMercedes Sprinter" kunye nabanye).

"Ibhadi Okulandelayo" Phakathi brand zasekhaya iintsalela athandwa kakhulu. Kokulungiswa, iifoto kunye neempawu le moto banomdla abaqhubi beemoto ezininzi. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi zohlobo azinazo izixhobo kuphela iinjini ipetroli nedizili, kodwa izixhobo negesi, esivumela ukuba ukusebenza umatshini nokuba inzuzo engaphaya.

isiphelo

Nxantathu "Ibhadi" de 2005 bebexhotyiswa carburetors ubukhulu becala "iinjini" of ZMZ. ubukhulu ngeminyaka ukusuka 90 ukuya 110 enjini. Ithi isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwinjini zepetroli iinjini diesel UMZ "Cummins". Machine unelungelo uzuzele indawo imbeko phakathi lwasekhaya isasetyenziswa ngenxa uluhlu olubanzi iimodeli, maintainability, bhetyebhetye kwiindlela ubambekile kunye ixabiso efikelelekayo.