Yintoni na le ngumkhenkce-up: Isinxulumaniso kunye neempawu zayo main

River - ayikho nje wamanzi, ifike uhle iintaba neenduli kwiilwandle kunye neelwandle. Le ecosystem noko ezintsonkothileyo, uhlobo "ephilayo", nto leyo eye iimpawu zalo kunye neendlela. Kweli nqaku, siza kujolisa lobushushu kunye ice ulawulo kwemilambo.

Yintoni qa? Inkcazelo yalo kunye namanye amagama eendawo inokufumaneka kwinqaku lethu. Xa kutheni umlambo wayifulela ice iqokobhe? Yaye yintoni izigaba ice korhulumente ayinabantu izazinzulu?

Ice ulawulo komlambo nezigaba zawo. Yintoni qa?

Ingcaciso i ngcamango ebalulekileyo lokufundwa kunye eyiyo yokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yendalo. Kulo mzekelo, into umdla wethu likhuthaza emlanjeni - kwinkqubo kuqulethe oluntsonkothileyo amacandelo ezihambelanayo.

Zaberegi,, udaka, udaka ezityebileyo - onke la mazwi engaqhelekanga aziindidi omkhenkce ukusekwa, kwaye inxulumene ngqo kumlambo ice umbuso. Phezu kwabo kuya kuxoxwa kamva. Kwaye kwindawo yokuqala, kufuneka anike inkcazelo: yintoni na qa?

I ice ulawulo imijelo yamanzi yendalo izigaba ezithathu:

1) ebandayo.

2) Rhwaqela.

3) kwesidumbu.

Cinga ngakumbi lo wesibini ezi izigaba.

Yintoni na le ngumkhenkce-up: definition yejografi

Amanzi imilambo kokwindla uba omnyama, namnyama zamahlathi kwaye viscous. Kungekudala zaberegi kukho - ice obhityileyo kakhulu elunxwemeni elunxwemeni ngayo. Ngaloo ndlela uqala qa - isigaba obushushu ebusika nawuphi ugeleza kummandla zemozulu ziingcathu.

Yintoni qa? Ukucacisa lo mbono, kukho ezininzi. Okokuqala, ukuba ubukho omkhenkce oluqinileyo emlanjeni okanye echibini. Okwesibini, inkqubo wokusungula panel enjalo. Okwesithathu, kube kukho ixesha apho umlambo okanye ichibi kwaye kukho isiciko rhoqo omkhenkce zokubhala.

Le meko luphawulwa parameters eziliqela ngumkhenkce-up kunye neempawu, ngokukodwa:

• amandla (ice ubukhulu);
• ubude;
• isakhiwo ice.

Zonke ezi parameters, ke, kuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo izinto zemozulu: ummandla imozulu, ubude ngexesha lasebusika, lo kwizikolo ezikude kakhulu ukusuka kolwandle, isimo, umoya, njalo njalo ke, umlambo encinane kancinane phezu ice sibophelela kakhulu ngokukhawuleza ... Kodwa imilambo ezintabeni endle ngumkhenkce phezulu ebusika kwaye bonke ayikwazi kuyilwa.

Iqhwa kunye nezigaba zawo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, zonke iqala ukuvela zaberegov. Kunye kunxweme lomlambo, njengoko umthetho, ukuba incinane ubunzulu. Kule nkalo, i-ice uqalisa ukwakha apho ngaphambili. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka xa wamaqondo ngemihla iwela ngaphantsi zero Celsius.

Inqanaba elilandelayo ngumkhenkce - ukuyilwa ezingcakacileyo floes umkhenkce bukhanye phezu kwamanzi. Hydrologists ndisinika igama elithile - ngamanqatha. Ukuba uqala ikhephu enzima, kukubola ikhephu uwe phezu kwamanzi supercooled okanye zinyibilika, ngokuthe ngcembe ajike abe iwuse kwisidudu - udaka.

exutywe Slush ngamanqatha, kunye neefom wawuba amaqhuma friable, ebizwa udaka. Xa isibini iintsuku iqabaka, udaka kunye ngumkhenkce aya kujika abe kwiqokobhe olunye-sifuba ukuba uya kubakhusela umandlalo umlambo de entlakohlaza.

Kwindawo enemozulu eRashiya ngumkhenkce-up emilanjeni iqala ngoNovemba yaye ekugqibeleni kwasekwa de phakathi kuDisemba. Noko ke, kwizixeko ezikhulu ayinakuba abunjwe ngenxa ekungcoleni efudumeleyo mveliso kunye nawoomasipala imilambo kunye namachibi.