Carcinomas umhlaza cell wemiphunga: inkcazelo, unobangela, isifo kwaye afumane unyango neempawu

izifo ezoyikekayo, ezifana nomhlaza, usandula kuba yinto eqhelekileyo. yesilungu izama ukufumana iziyobisi ukuthintela isifo. Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho namnye indlela kuphuhliswa akuthethi ukunika isiqinisekiso elililo bachache ngokupheleleyo. Ingaqhelekanga lung carcinomas. Ngokutsho manani, nomhlaza basengozini amadoda ngaphezulu.

zokugula Inkcazelo

Lung Umhlaza - evame kakhulu, neoplasm amabi. Isifo lidibanisa iintlobo ezininzi zesi sifo.

Bekela bucala ezilandelayo iintlobo kwezimilo:

• iseli amancinci;
• large-;
• carcinomas cell carcinoma kwemiphunga;
• adenocarcinoma.

Ezi zifo ahlukeneyo kubume, ngesidanga proliferation, izinga zokuqhubela phambili. Kwezi ntlobo zingentla sisifo somhlaza uninzi iimeko kwenzeka carcinomas umhlaza cell wemiphunga. Ngoko oogqirha bathi. Pathology iphuma kwiiseli carcinomas izicwili epithelial.

Cause kuthathwa carcinogens. Oku imiba yokusingqongileyo kunye namanye amachiza engena umzimba womntu ngokusebenzisa isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Ngoko ke, abantu abatshayayo enzima, abahlali imizi umoya ongcolileyo, abantu abasebenza kumashishini eziyingozi, ubungozi sifo eliphezulu.

Indlela ukuphuhlisa yobubi? Umphezulu Umaleko iiseli kwisisu bronchi exineneyo wambu isiliya. Zinceda ungenise phlegm xa ihamba. izinto entshabalalo abangena inkqubo yokuphefumla, igalelo ekutshatyalalisweni isiliya. Endaweni yawo, ukukhula iiseli caba kwithishyu epithelial. asikwazi ukuboniswa ulwabiwo. Ngenxa yokudodobala of buqala isikhohlela. Ngaphezu koko, anodaka kwakhona idibanisa kunye neekhemikhali eziyingozi. Oku kudala indawo evumayo ukuyilwa yamathumba.

Oonobangela kunye izinto engabangela isifo

Makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha kutheni kukho carcinomas umhlaza cell wemiphunga.

Izizathu eziphambili ezibangela imbonakalo yamathumba amabi, ezi zivamvo zemigudu ziquka:

1. izifo okuqhubekekayo non-ngqo. iinkqubo ukudumba kwi bronchi - yomoya. Izifo ezibangelwa mycobacteria isifo sephepha. Xa intliziyo umhlaza banokulala inyumoniya rhoqo.
2. into Genetic. Esi sifo kuthiwa ukuze abe ilifa abantu xa begula ubuncinane ezithathu entsatsheni.
3. iimpawu Age. Ngokuqhelekileyo leengxaki senzeka abantu emva kweminyaka engama-60.
4. Izifo kwinkqubo yonyango.
5. umsebenzi eqhubekayo ngezityalo eziyingozi.
6. Ukutshaya. Lo mkhwa kubantu abaninzi, oku phantse engundoqo ingcambu unobangela umhlaza wemiphunga. Yaba kukuba itshaya amaxesha 30 kungenzeka ukuba bagule ngaphezu nalowo unganamkeliyo, icuba. Inhalation umsi wecuba kwi yangaphakathi luhlala nama-4,000 izinto eziyingozi. Bona bayakwazi ukumbulala iiseli esempilweni. Kwakhona eziyingozi yemidiza etshaywa ngabanye abantu.
7. Indawo yokuhlala emhlabeni zinokonakaliswa zizinto radioactive.

nokubekwa kwezifo

Namhlanje, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ebulalayo yamathumba iseli lung carcinomas.

Common i lohlelo:

1. keratinizing carcinomas (umahluko) umhlaza wemiphunga. Luphawulwa ukuyilwa iiseli ngekeratini. Olu phawu lokusekwa neeperile umhlaza ekuthiwa njalo-. Ukuba isifo eso kwi zigaba yokuqala, oku kuphendula kakuhle kunyango. Kwangaxeshanye, kuba bayazi ukuba lo hlobo kuyingozi kakhulu sisifo.
2. Neorogovevayuschy carcinomas umhlaza iseli wemiphunga (undifferentiated). Le fomu luphawulwa bubukho iiseli mitotic kunye polymorphism. Abanye babo zingaqulatha ngekeratini. Olu hlobo lwesifo lolona hlobo amabi. Ifumaneka kwiimeko malunga nowama-65%. Bayahlupheka ukusuka uhlobo uninzi amadoda kwama-40 eminyaka ubudala. Kuba ngezifo luphawulwa luphuhliso olukhawulezayo. ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kukho metastases. Bona ingangena kungena kwiindawo nkovu nengcambu lung, echaphazela ijwabu ithambo, isibindi nobuchopho. Ngokunxulumene nophuhliso ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngokufuthi lokufunyaniswa sifo umguli sele aphila.
3. eliphantsi lemfundo kwibakala-. iiseli amabi, kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo eguqulelwe ngokwahlukileyo. Oku nzima iimviwo nzulu. zisengozini enkulu yokuba kokuxilongwa ezingachanekanga. Amaxesha amaninzi oku kuquka uphuhliso adenocarcinoma. Metastases ichaphazela kwesibindi, ingqondo kunye adrenal. diagnosis singabanjwa unika zemo yedanisayo. Xa efumanise sifo isaqala, unyango iza kubonelela iziphumo ezidibanisayo.

Kuxhomekeka iimpawu yokwakheka ezahlula:

1. Central carcinomas cell carcinoma kwemiphunga. Le leengxaki uyaqapheleka phantse 2/3 lezigulane. Lubonakala yi kukulahlekelwa bronchi enkulu. Ngamanye amaxesha usenokude kuchaphazela noqhoqhoqho.
2. Zomzimba. Kunokuba yiseli carcinoma carcinomas kwemiphunga ekhohlo okanye ekunene. Udibana olu hlobo ngo-3% yamatyala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo onjalo akukho mpawu. Xa ijwabu lung akukho neziphelo iintlungu. Ngenxa yoko, ngoku nethumba angakhula, akadinwa isiphumo. Emva koko kuchaphazela amalungu bronchi kunye ezikufutshane. Kukhona ukopha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwemiphunga ekunene akulungeleyo esi sifo, ngenxa iimpawu nokomzimba.

Iifom kakhulu onge Nedlac zomhlaza:

• eqonda;
• mediastinal.

iimpawu

Carcinomas cell umhlaza wemiphunga kunokwenzeka ixesha elide ngaphandle ebonisa naziphi na iimpawu. Kunzima kakhulu isifo kwangethuba.

Kuba esi sifo luphawulwa iimpawu ezifana:

1. Owomileyo, kaninzi iba emanzi, ukukhohlela ixesha elide. Kamva zokubona zinokwenzeka. Abazingqinayo ukuba ukukhuthazwa yokuyeka ithumba inyumoniya. Isikhohlela ihamba ivumba elibi kunye nezingcoliso ubomvu.
2. Ukuvela yinyumoniya rhoqo kunye unepleurisy.
3. Emva kokoyiswa esi sifo kwingqula ibonakala uyarhwexa kunye husky. Maxa wambi ilizwi ilahlekile ngokupheleleyo. Le uphawu Zinjalo keratinizing yamathumba carcinomas.
4. Imvakalelo yokuswela umoya. Atelectasis. Kukho uphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngenxa kakuhle umoya semiphunga.
5. Ukukhathala, sinciphise yokusebenza.
6. Iminwe baba rhoqo.
7. zokunciphisa Weight.
8. Bahlala bexambulisana, ibone entliziyweni, iingalo, emva, iintlungu. Uphawu Uphawu kwi zigaba ezithile zesi sifo.

isigaba yezifo

Ikhosi ye sifo wahlulwe iqondo zokuqhubela phambili.

Bekela bucala ngezifo ezifana carcinomas cell carcinoma kwemiphunga, Inyathelo 4:

1. ubukhulu tumor wayengekho ngaphezulu kwe-3 cm. Metastases bengekho.
2. ukubunjwa abangaphezu kwama-3 cm. Ithumba sikhulele kungena pleura. Kukho ipesenti ethile atelectasis.
3. Neoplasm ubandakanya esikule ezingqongileyo. Atelectasis usebenza kuzo zonke ukukhanya. Metastases zichaphazela iindawo nkovu.
4. Ithumba lihlasela asebumelwaneni amalungu ezinkulu (intliziyo, imithambo yegazi).

lokufunyaniswa kwesifo

Ukuze ukubona umhlaza wemiphunga carcinomas kunzima ngokwaneleyo. Ngapha koko, le ngezifo uneempawu ezifana kwizifo ezininzi zemiphunga ezifana ne pneumonia, isifo sephepha, amathumba. Esi sisizathu esingundoqo sokuba kutheni sifo kubonakele kuphela kwi zigaba yokugqibela.

Kule sifo nomonde okusolwayo wathumela iimvavanyo ezifana:

• esifubeni X-reyi;
• -X-reyi;
• lamellar X-ray;
• CT;
• bronchoscopy;
• onkomarkery lwefayile CYFRA, SSC;
• thoracoscopy (apho biopsy sithathwa).

Lokufunyaniswa kwesifo kufuna ngobuchule. Ngenxa somdlavuza ekufihleni wena unako phantsi kwezinye iimeko.

unyango lwezifo

Unyango amatyala apho kwafunyaniswa carcinomas cell carcinoma kwemiphunga, kwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi:

• chemical;
• radiotherapy;
• yotyando.

Kakade ke, kuphela ugqirha ungakhetha ngokuchanekileyo nangemikhwa eziyimfuneko lomzabalazo ngumhlaza. Kuba kwimeko eyabelwe scheme nganye unyango ngamnye.

Iziphumo kakuhle ezifunyenwe unyango, apho zidibene iindlela ngasentla.

kwendlela yotyando

ungenelelo instrumental okanye zotyando - i inokuthenjwa kunye nendlela engundoqo unyango. iziphumo ezigqwesileyo inikeza indlela ngotyando, ukuba oko kuthathwe kwinyathelo 1 ukuqhubela phambili.

Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi kukho inani Izimo ukuba:

• imfundo ibuhlungu le emqaleni;
• e ukusilela kwezintso wesibindi,
• emva iposi engabalulekanga.

chemotherapy

Unyango iseli carcinomas umhlaza wemiphunga usebenzisa imithi mihla kwandisa amathuba ukuchacha ngamaxesha 4.

Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, asizizo zonke iiseli zomhlaza avelana anticancer iziyobisi.

therapy radiation

Indlela kunyango kusetyenziswa radiations ionizing. therapy imisebe eboniswe izigulane ezingenakwenzeka ukwenza lo msebenzi.

Le ndlela unyango ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa ngo 3-4 isifo okwangoku. Iyaluthintela uphuhliso ngakumbi yamathumba kunokwenzeka kuphela ngo-40% yezigulane. Kuba best indlela isiphumo ray isetyenziswa ne ichemotherapy.

Outlook

Yintoni ukulindela isigulane une carcinomas cell carcinoma kwemiphunga?

Abantu abane kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ziphakathi apho:

• isigaba phambili;
• iimpawu ngabanye eziphilayo;
• nobuchwepheshe oogqirha;
• software zonyango.

Ukuba Ithumba ibanjiwe kwinqanaba 1 okanye 2, akukho Ukudlulela, okanye kukho iimeko ezimbalwa kwiindawo nkovu kunye nethumba ngokwayo ayidluli 3-5 cm ubukhulu, iingqikelelo zahluke kakhulu. Izinga basinde izigulane ezinjalo yi - 80%.

abantu abane kubi ngokuphawulekayo kwizigulane abanenqanaba 3 andibhaqwa. Izinga basinde kusithwa-25%.

Xa isigaba 4 of progression sase- kakhulu yedanisayo. Noko ke, ngoncedo unonophelo lokudambisa nga kakhulu ukuphucula umgangatho yesigulane yobomi.