Citizens ungonakala. Abemi Bankruptcy Law: features isicelo

Abemi Bankruptcy uMthetho waqala iza kuphuhliswa-2012, kodwa analamkela Akubanga kudala - ngo-2015. Asingabo bonke abanamatyala kwi mboleko ezinganyibiliki kakhulu, ngoko abantu abaninzi eRashiya kwintshayelelo umthetho sisiganeko yokukwamkela. Nokuba ngaba ukuqupha inkqubo ungonakala? Into ekufuneka uyazi ubuqili onetyala?

Kutheni wawiswa na umthetho?

Kunye amaRashiya amatyala ezikhulayo nyaka ngamnye-mboleko. Ngokutsho Central Bank, ukususela ngoJanuwari 1 kunyaka ophelileyo, ityala elipheleleyo abemi ilinganiselwa kwi engange ngaphezulu kwama-600 ezigidi, kwaye ngo-2014 yaba isahlulo sesithathu-ngaphantsi. Umthetho yenzelwe ukuba nempembelelo entle kwindawo ezibolekisa yabathengi. kwenzala kwimali-mboleko ukuze ikhule kunyaka ngamnye, njengoko zababeka phantsi iingozi sentlawulo nobunjubaqa. Le meko efanayo kunye intlawulo yeenkonzo zikamasipala. UMthetho usebenza kuzo zonke iintlobo amatyala.

Abemi Bankruptcy Law: kakuhle, amalungiselelo eziphambili

Julayi 1, 2015 waqalisa ukusebenza uMthetho Federal nenombolo 476. Ngokutsho koMthetho, okhoyo umthetho imilinganiselo (okanye amatyala) kunye nezinye izenzo izilungiso, elawula iinkqubo ukuze kulungiswe zabemi onetyala.

Ukususela kulaa mzuzu ukuya phambili abemi abo amatyala ukuba tyalwayo ngaphaya kwe-500, 000 nokuba ukulibaziseka kwintlawulo ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-90 angafaka isicelo enkundleni ukwenzela ukuqaphela yayiwa zabo. Ngelo lixa ngummi inkqubo imilinganiselo isenokuba inyathelo yeziko ngetyala okanye inkonzo irhafu a. Ngokutsho inqaku 214th loMthetho, inkqubo imilinganiselo koosomashishini ngamnye lona luyafana isicelo bamazwe.

E kwiSiqendu 213, umhlathi 1, wathi ulwazi malunga nemigaqo kubhalwe kwiRejista Federal kwaye ayikwazi lupapashwe imithombo esemthethweni. Ukuze elubala kuxhomekeka ulwazi ingqalelo yabantu ngokwasemzimbeni zawa ukuphehlelelwa ityala inkqubo ngokutsha kunye nokuphunyezwa nempahla yabo.

Uphawu lwe umthetho ukubophelela kwindawo ezisemthethweni ubhaliso lomntu.

Iimpawu ze imilinganiselo ommi: iikhrayitheriya ka sokutshona

1. Umntu wemvelo uye wayeka ngokupheleleyo uphumezo amatyala kumaziko ngetyala.
2. Le ngummi ntoni ucime iintlawulo anyanzelekileyo ukuba aye kufika imihla ngenxa.
3. Ukuba ukususela ekudalweni yokwenza ityala sele ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-30, kunye nobukhulu sabo setotali kuba ngaphezu kwe-10% kubalwa nemali ehlawulwa.
4. ummi ixabiso lepropati na isixa kakhulu asezantsi ematyaleni.
5. Ukuba ngummi lesisombululo kwi kugqitywe inkqubo zokunyanzelisa, ekubeni akanayo ipropati ukuba ingalandwa.

Ngubani na baxele ungonakala

Asinguye wonke ummi Russian banokuthi wena yimali. Phantsi komthetho omtsha oko kungenziwa ngeendlela ezintathu:

1. Xa isixa-mali ityala liye ngaphaya 500 lamawaka engange.
2. Xa onetyala angabonisa ukuba akukho ithuba ukuhlawula imali ngenxa isibopho sakhe.
3. Ukuba umntu onetyala ingqina ukuba ukuzama ukuhlawula amatyala kunye ukugqiba isivumelwano sokwakha ngokutsha eli izibophelelo zemali.

AbaLawula (Bankruptcy) ibe ngummi Russian Federation Akukho nto inokulinganiswa xa sum of iintlawulo zenyanga phantsi isivumelwano kunye otyalwayo lingaphaya ingeniso yokwenene umntu. Kulo mzekelo, inkundla ingathatha kuphela ngummi utshonile, kodwa ityala ke ngenxa yeso sizathu akayi kuhlawuliswa.

Iingozi sokuboleka

Ingqalo zingekho. unetyala-ngummi icebisa ukuba akukho imali ukuze ahlawule elo amatyala yangoku. Ngako oko, le bailiffs kuya kunyanzeleka ukuba athengise impahla yayo. Zonke wempahla ngokuphathelele ekutshintshweni intsapho yakhe, iya kurhoxiswa. Isenokuba kurhoxiswa kunye yesivumelwano umnikelo. Ukuba ipropati okubumnini joint, wathengisa isiqwenga kwepropathi unetyala. Ukuba yimali - IP, erhoxisiwe zonke iimvume kunye nesatifikethi sobhaliso imo entrepreneur.

Indawo yoBuyiselo-akwenzeki ukunyanzela yonke impahla onetyala. Nokudliwa abawuthobeli izindlu ukuba - indawo kuphela yokuhlala sonetyala. Lo mgaqo mnye uya kusetyenziswa kwipropati afunyenwe ngoncedo mboleko (ukuba akukho umxholo yengxabano). Nokudliwa awusebenzi iimpahla, izihlangu, izinto ekhaya lokubhalela, amabhaso, amabhaso karhulumente.

awile

ngabemi Bankruptcy - inkqubo multi-eqongeni, ukuvulwa apho kunokwenzeka kuphela isigqibo kwesihlalo sokugweba arbitral. Ukuze benze oku, inkundla kufuneka angenise isicelo efanelekileyo. Ukuba isicelo lithathwa esebenzayo, ngoko la manyathelo alandelayo zithathelwa:

• ngokutsha kwetyala.
• Kuqatshelwe impahla esuswayo nengasuswayo onetyala.
• Isivumelwano zokuhlala (esi sibini asikwazi kufikelela kwizibhambathiso, kwaye ityala ugxothiwe).

Inkqubo yokuthengisa kwepropati - njengenyathelo kakhulu. Oku kusebenza kuphela xa isicwangciso ngokutsha zange wabulawa ngumntu ngamnye. Lo mhlaba, nto leyo ifumaneke kulowo unetyala ngexesha isigqibo senkundla okanye ezifunyenwe emva kokuba kuthengiswa kwifandesi.

plan ngokutsha kwamatyala

ngabemi Bankruptcy - umlinganiselo, nto leyo linyathelo lokuqala ngokutsha kwamatyala. Injongo yalo zandise amathuba ummi ukuhlawula amatyala kunye nabo abatyalayo, esebenzisa yonke imithombo yengeniso kunokwenzeka. Ngokutsho inkundla liphuhlise isicwangciso, nto leyo eya kubandakanya ixesha kunye nobukhulu, kwakunye intlawulo iintlawulo kwi ityala. Uphuhliso kwesi sicwangciso ikhonkco engundoqo kwimeko ungonakala. Esi sicwangciso sexesha ubuninzi aziwe - iminyaka emi-3. Noko ke, oko kwandiswa yinkundla.

Ngokutsho komthetho, uhlengahlengiso kwetyala angafaka isicelo umntu ukuba:

• A ummi umthombo wengeniso.
• Akukho ngxelo zolwaphulo-mthetho kummandla ulwaphulo-mthetho kwezoqoqosho (ixesha sokutshutshisa okanye eziphelelwe lixesha).
• ummi-onetyala yimali eyi-5 asibonakali.
• yesicwangciso ngokutsha khange ziphuhlisiwe kwaye ivunyiwe iminyaka 8 phambi kokuqala kwale nkqubo.

Isixa ezisakusaleleyo phantsi kwesi sicwangciso yaye kubandakanywa inzala sisiseko amabango otyalwayo ngayo. Ngaloo ubungakanani umdla ingqinelana ukuba izinga ekufuneni CBA.

Njengoko isicwangciso uyabulawa

Njengoko intlawulo onetyala kwisicwangciso evunyiweyo unelungelo ukwenza iingcebiso malunga ukwenza utshintsho kuyo. Oku kufuneka baziswe ngumphathi zemali. Ukuba imeko yemali onetyala uphucula abatyalwayo lwezikhalazo inkundla kulamlo lokugqibela, apho izilungiso sicwangciso.

Xa ixesha isicwangciso lufikelele esiphelweni, umphathi zemali silungiselela ingxelo, eyayithunyelwe kamva enkundleni kunye kwiziko lamatyala. Ukuba amabango otyalwayo kaThixo akalandelwa nazo ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngoko ke liye enkundleni.

Kulo mzekelo, inkundla ingathatha enye izisombululo ezimbini:

• Gqibezela inkqubo yokulungiswa ngokutsha.
• Uyawubona lo ungonakala yabemi.

athengisa impahla

Izizathu yokubhengeza bankruptcy kungaba ezininzi:

• Isicwangciso ngokutsha yetyala elingekahlawulwa.
• Isicwangciso akazange afumane imvume imibutho ngetyala.
• Rhoxisa ngokutsha yinkundla.
• Omisa kwimveliso ungonakala egwebayo.

ngabemi Bankruptcy (abantu zendalo) ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa impahla abanamatyala '. ukuze yinkundla kwakhona ezibekwe imiqathango zehambo aphesheya. Imida kuphela kususwe ekupheleni kwekhosi kwetyala. Oku ingacinywa kwangaphambili kuphela kwimeko lwezikhalazo ngummi, nangokuvumelana babatyalayo.

Xa umntu onetyala uvakaliswa yimali, zonke ii-asethi zidluliselwe umphathi zemali. Yonke into engento wempahla ngaphandle kwakhe. Oku kukwasebenza imali kwii-akhawunti zebhanki, kunye yokwenza izibophelelo nepropati wesithathu.

umsebenzi Evaluation kwenziwa phantsi kweliso kwezezimali. Abahloli ekusenokwenzeka luqhutywe yi ngesigqibo abatyalwayo izimali zabo. Nangona uqikelelo ngokwalo umngeni enkundleni.

Ukuba nokutshitshiswa kwee-asethi hayi kwenzeke, kunye namaziko nkonzo bala ematyaleni akhawunti ukuba niwuhluthe, abemi kwakhona awabize ukulahla kubo. Kulo mzekelo, amabango abatyalwayo zibonakaliswa kwaneliswa.

isivumelwano lwabahlali

Le nkqubo kubonelelwa ngulo mthetho. Xa noseko lwalo kukho ekumeni yeengxoxo. Isigqibo senziwe kwintlanganiso amatyala, kwaye isivumelwano sele enkundleni.

Emva kokuba isivumelwano ukwisicwangciso ngokutsha kwetyala icinyiwe, wazisusa ukuvalwa ulwaneliseko zamabango amatyala '. Citizen uyaqhubeka uhlawule ityala. Ukuba kwakhe yephule imigomo yesivumelwano, ityala imilinganiselo iqalwa kwakhona.

Bendlela ukuba unetyala

• Imilinganiselo ngabemi Russian - nkqubo esifuna iindleko eziphathekayo (intlawulo yeendleko zenkundla kunye neenkonzo zolawulo).
• Zonke iingxelo, kuquka edibeneyo, emkhenkceni.
• impahla onetyala wakhe wabanjwa.
• Kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokuba ukuqatshelwa imilinganiselo onetyala isenokungabi ngunozala iqumrhu elisemthethweni.
• Wakuvala ukusasazwa travel angaphandle.
• Kwiminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngummi imilinganiselo akayi kuba nako ukuboleka.
• Ukuba ngaphandle ulwazi kwinkqubo yolawulo lwemali yokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa ipropati, onetyala lijongene isohlwayo ukususela 4000 ukuya 5000 engange.
• Kwisithuba sonyaka emva kokuba isigqibo senkundla ayikwazi inxaxheba kwezoshishino.

Iinzuzo for onetyala

• Xa ityala lidlula ixabiso kwipropati, isixa-mali esisashiyekileyo sitsalwa ukusuka ngummi, ekubeni akabanga mali ekhohlo ukuyihlawulela.
• Xa onetyala sele eyale nayiphi na ipropati, ngaphandle egumbini lakhe, apho aphambukele.
• Ngexesha lokuthethwa kwetyala, izohlwayo kunye nezohlwayo hayi ebizwayo.
• Ukususa uxanduva ngokungeyomfuneko.

Imiphumela ukuba ababolekisi

Amaziko credit, inkqubo imilinganiselo ivumela ukubuyisa yonke imali yetyala, kwakunye ukuthatha inxaxheba kulwabiwo iinzuzo evela kwintengiso yomhlaba.

Lomgunyathi ungonakala: Iziphumo ukuba unetyala

Kuba ungonakala intsomi abemi, oko kukuthi, ngolwazi olububuxoki malunga yokuhlawula amatyala abo, umthetho wazisa uxanduva lolawulo. Commission lo mthetho igcwele entle yezolawulo, ubukhulu ovela 1000 ukuya 3000 engange.

Isohlwayo solawulo inikwa kunye nezenzo ngabom onetyala, nto leyo yakhokelela ekulahlekelweni pay kunye nokungakwazi ukubhatala amatyala ukuze amatyala.

Ukunika ingcaciso ebubuxoki impahla, amalungelo akhe, amatyala, isixa ematyaleni, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ejongene ummi isohlwayo semali engange 4,000 5,000. Kuba abathile, isohlwayo kwimiqobo ngokungekho mthethweni ezenziwa ngumphathi mali otyunjwe yinkundla, ukuya ku-3000 engange.

Xa uzama ukuthumela kwamalungelo impahla enokususwa kunye engenakususwa le yimali usengozini ejele ukuya kwiminyaka emi-6.

niceties

Onetyala, kungakuhle ukuba ukwazi iimpawu imilinganiselo ommi. Umthetho ayikho ogqibeleleyo yaye unamalungu amaninzi zinokuphikiswa.

Kuzobe ixhomekeke imali ubuncinane isikweliti amatyala. Ngelo xesha uhlalutyo yokuhlawula amatyala le onetyala kunye nentlalo-ntle lo wokugqibela idlulisele ilungelo lokusebenzisa ipropati. Ukuze oosomashishini ukungakwazi mboleko imali inokuba uhlobo isithintelo ukwenza imisebenzi yayo. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ulungiswe, ngenxa yokuba iinkampani olusebenza ngoku ukubonelela yezezimali kwaye emva kwezi nkqubo.

Ukufumana isimo yimali inika inzuzo encinane yabemi, nangona ezinamandla ngakumbi. Le nkqubo kukodwa kuthatha ixesha elide. Umthetho unako ukuphucula imeko yabo obenetyala izityhwentywe zemali yaye akakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala. Bankruptcy akasoloko ube lusindiso ukuba unetyala.