Iindawo eziphantsi kwamanzi: izilwanyana eziphantsi komhlaba, iifoto kunye nenkcazelo

Ibhanti nganye yemozulu ineempawu kunye neempawu zayo, ngoko ke zombini izilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana zizodwa. Ukufundisisa ubomi bezilwanyana kunye nezityalo kukunceda ukuqonda ukungqinelana kweemeko zemozulu kunye neenkqubo zokuphila nokuqonda kakuhle imigaqo yokuba khona kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ngokomzekelo, umgca we-subtropics, owanikela indawo yokukhusela kwizidalwa ezahlukeneyo. Ziziphi iimpawu zayo ezahlukileyo?

Iinkalo zommandla

Amahlathi asemagqabini anzima afaka phantse zonke iinkalo apho iimeko zemozulu zingachazwa njengama-subtropics emanzi. Izilwanyana zivumelanisa nokuhlala kwindawo efudumeleyo ngokufudumala kwemvula, iifudumele ezishisayo kunye nekhefu elifutshane. Umyinge wesilinganiso semvula kwiindawo ezinjalo zifikelela kumawaka angamathandathu ama-milliliters ngonyaka. Ezi zinto zikhokelela ekubeni izilwanyana ezihlala kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuba zenzeke ngexesha lexesha kwaye zikhona ngokwemijikelezo yendalo. Ihlobo elifudumeleyo kunye nokubanda kwamanzi okupholileyo kunxulumene nomsebenzi entwasahlobo nasekwindla, xa ixesha elihle liza nehlanganisela efanelekileyo yokushisa kunye nomswakama.

Iimpawu zezilwanyana

Izilwanyana ezinobuncwane bomhlaba obumanzi zimeleleke kakhulu zimelelwe ngabangqina. Kwimimandla yaseMeditera ephakamileyo ephakamileyo, iifutshane kunye nezimvu ziyafumaneka. Kwiimithi ezilukhuni, unokufumana inyamazana, iikati ezincinci kunye nezidlo zentsapho yase viverworld - ichneumon kunye ne-genet. Iibhere zihlala kwiPeninsula yeBalkan, kwiiPyrenees kunye neentaba zaseMorocco. Iintlobo zeentlobo zezilwanyana zithonyelwa zikhetho zemozulu, ezikwebhanti, zenza iindawo eziphantsi komhlaba. Izilwanyana zendawo ephakathi zidibeneyo kwezinye iintlobo kunye nabameli beemimandla eshushu, kunye nabanye abantu abatsha. Ngokomzekelo, unokufumana ezininzi izilwanyana ezitya imbewu - amaprotheni, iigundane zehlathi, i- hamsters. Ukusuka kwiindawo ezitshisayo, iinkawu, i-chameleons, iinkukhu zithathwa apha. Ihlabathi lezityalo ezihlambulukileyo zihlukeneyo - zikhona ii-turtles, kunye ne-geckos, kunye neenyoka, kunye nezilwanyana. Iintsiba zimelelwe ngamathambo, umququ, i-falcons, iifom, iifom kunye namabhankane, izilonda ezinzulu zihlala zilawa.

Kwiindawo eziphantsi kweRashiya

Ibhanti enjalo yemozulu nayo iboniswe kwintsimi yeRussian Federation. Kufana neMeditera okanye iNtshona Afrika, kodwa ngeendlela ezithile ihluke ngokucacileyo kubo. Izilwanyana ezihlala emazantsi aseRussia, ezibizwa ngokuba yiNxweme loLwandle oluMnyama, zibonakaliswa ngumxube weebhanti ezinokufudumala kunye neendawo ezishisayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiintaba zaseCaucasus kukho ukuhlukahluka kobuninzi. Kwii-wolverines zaseMpumalanga Ekude, i-sable, i-chipmunks, i-cower spot, i- martens, i-squirrels, i-hazel-grouses iyaxhaphaka. Izilwanyana ezisemanzini aseMaspala aseRashiya, iifoto zazo ezaziwa ngabo bonke - ama-Tigers e-Ussuri, iintlobo ezingabonakaliyo, ezimele kule ndawo. Izidlo ezingabonakali ngaphantsi kwelo ndawo ziyiingwe.

Utshintsho lwamaRashiya

Izilwanyana eziphantsi kwamanzi aseRashiya zihlala kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Imozulu yoLwandle oluLwandle oluMnyama lumnene kwaye lukhululekile lokuphila. Kodwa kukho into ebangela ukuba umntu utshintshe ngokukodwa imeko ngezilwanyana zasemaphandleni. Ngoko, kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba zihlala zihlala zininzi zincinci - i-moose, i-wild boar, i-roe deer, i-saigas kunye ne-wild cow. Kwakhona zikhona izilwanyana ezinobomvu - izimpungushe, izimpungushe, i-squirrels. Yonke into idonsa abazingeli, abenzi babo abahlala bezingqiniswanga kwaye banolimaza iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo ze-Black Sea. Izilwanyana eziqhelekileyo - iibhere kunye neengcuka-zihlupheke ngenxa yezinto ezinjalo, ngoko ke, amagunya afuna amanyathelo okukhusela. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantu ngabanye kunye nalabo amanani abo ahlawule ngokunyanisekileyo kwiminyaka yamuva iphantsi kokukhuselwa komthetho, ngamanye amaxesha avela kwiNcwadi ebomvu.

Viverra

Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zifanelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, iViverrovye - ayivavanywa ngumhlali oqhelekileyo kwaye ibonakala engenangqungquthela, kwaye inokufumaneka kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba. Ezi zidalwa ezincinci zifana ne-felines okanye iinqununu. Njengayezinye izilwanyana ezinxweme eziphantsi komhlaba, ii-viverras azifani kwiincinci ezininzi kwaye zide. Zineendlebe ezincinci kunye namehlo amakhulu, izitho ezisemsebenzini kunye neminwe emihlanu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-wyverras iyahluka kumbala obomvu. Zingatholakala kwi-Yurophu yase-Europe, e-Afrika, e-Asia naseMadagascar. Ungakwazi ukudibana ne-wyverra ehlathini okanye kwisiqhamo esiphezulu. Izilwanyana zihlalela imithi ngokugqibeleleyo, zondla kwizilwanyana ezincinci kunye nezilwanyana ezincinane, ngamanye amaxesha zidla ukutya kokutya.

I-Malay Bear

Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ezi zilwanyana ezingavamile, ezihlala kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba. Izilwanyana zale ndawo zihlala zihluke kakhulu ngotshani - kungekhona enye, nokuba ibhere. Iilwimi zaseMalaysia zifana nenja enkulu. Ezi zimbombo ziyaziwa nangokuthi yi-biruangs. Zizona zincinci kakhulu kwaye zinobugwenxa, ziyaziwa ngumbumba omude, ongekho nto kunye nombhobho omkhulu kunye neenyawo ezincinci. Iintambo eziqinileyo ezinamacweba ende zikhonza njengezixhobo ezilungileyo, kunye nombhobho omude onolwimi olushukumisayo, olufanelekileyo lokukhipha ama-termite okanye ubusi. Ubomvu obumnyama buzaliswa ngumlenze we-orange kunye nesibonakaliso esifubeni, esenza ukuba le zimbombo ziyaziwa njengeebhere zelanga. Unokuzihlangabeza kwiindawo ezitshizileyo kunye nama-subtropiki, imihlaba eneentaba okanye iindawo ezinqabileyo. Ziyi-omnivores, iintshaba zabo ziingwe neengwe.

Ussuri Tiger

Abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezisemanzini ezinomhlaba bangasasazeka okanye banqabile kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ama-tigers e-Ussuri, awaziwayo njengeMpuma Ekude kunye ne-Amur, atholakala kwi-Primorsky Krai yaseRashiya. Aba ngaba ngabameli abakhulu bekati, abangaphezu kobukhulu beengonyama. Ubunzima behlosi elinjalo iikhilogram ezimbini, kwaye ubude bomzimba bufikelele kumitha ezine. Kule meko, iikati ezinkulu zihamba ngokupheleleyo. Ubomvu bekotyi bubomvu ngeentambo ezimnyama, esifubeni kunye nesisu sisimhlophe. Izilwanyana zokuhamba nganye, zilawula ngokuthe ngqo imimandla yazo. Ukuhlala kwabo kungekuphela nje kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, umhlaba wezilwanyana ozele ixhoba, kodwa kunye ne-taiga, apho kufuneka khona izakhono zokuzingela. Abantu abayithandi abantu kwaye bazame ukukhusela indawo yokuhlala. Ngokumalunga nenani elincinci lezilwanyana ezilethwe kwiBlack Book. Kungozini, abantu ngabanye bafunyanwe ngenxa yabalimi kunye nokutshitshiswa kwamahlathi. E-China, ngenxa yokubulala i-tiger, umntu ujeziswe ngesigwebo sokufa, kwaye eRashiya ahlawulwa kuphela. Mhlawumbi yingakho kukho abantu abangamakhulu mane kuphela ehlabathini, kwaye ingozi yokunyamalala kwabo iyanda minyaka yonke.

Iinyana ezincinane

Abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezisemanzini ezinobuncwane bangaba zizilwanyana ezinkulu ezinjenge-tiger okanye i-deer, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo banokuthobeka kakhulu ngobukhulu. Ezinye zize zirekhodi eziphantsi, umzekelo, iintlobo zeenkawu eziqhelekileyo kule bhanti yezulu. Enye yezona zincinci yi-marmorelet evela eLatin America. Isilwanyana esikhulileyo solu hlobo sinokulinganisa malunga nekhulu legrama, kwaye ubude bomzimba walo abugqithisi amasentimitha angamashumi amabini anesithathu. Abancinci banokugembula. Umzimba ubude ubude bube ngamasentimitha anesihlanu ubude kwaye bunzima igramu ezingamakhulu mabini anesigidi, uzinike negama elithi "iifokethi." Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana onjalo akanakube ngaphezu komunwe womntu. I-Igroinka ihlala emithini kwaye inokuthi iqhube umgama wamamitha ambalwa, idla kwijusi ephilileyo, ekhishwe ngoncedo lwezinto ezibukhali. Unokuzifumana kwi-basin e-Amazon. Kufanelekile ukukhankanya kunye ne-talaponov ehlala emahlathini aseGabon. Lezi ziinkwenkwe ezincinci iikhilogram ngokulinganisa, zikwazi ukugibela ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye zibone ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Bahlala kumaqela amakhulu kwimimandla ecaleni kwidonki. Nangona kungengona mncinci xa kuthelekiswa ne-igrinkami, bahluke ngokukodwa ngobukhulu besuka kwezinye iibhokhwe, eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezitshisa okanye emahlathi ase-equatorial.