Coolants kwinkqubo ukufudumeza. Isinqandi ukufudumeza: ngexabiso

Njengoko umthetho, phambi kokuba ixesha ubushushu, abanini zamashishini zoshishino okanye izindlu dolophu ucinga ukuba ukhethe indlela lobushushu ekunene ukuya inkqubo zokufudumeza kwanawokuqhuba ukubalwa kwexabiso layo. Xa amanzi isetyenziswa njengesipholisi ngemini yengqele kukho umngcipheko omkhulu kokonakalisa imibhobho radiators, kwakunye nenkqubo ndikufuna. Galela inkqubo zokufudumeza abazilawulayo kumashishini zoshishino ngamanzi yi hayi ithethelelwe kwakhona ngenxa stop likaxakeka.

Indlela ukukhetha njengesipholisi?

Ukuze ukhethe i isinqandi ulwelo ekunene, kuyimfuneko ukuba uphendule inani le miba.

• Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko icetyelwe ukuba ukusebenza kwenkqubo zokufudumeza?
• Lingakanani ixesha ufumana ukwenza kokufaka zivula nokubanda?
• Yintoni na isiphelo lobushushu kulwelo elijikeleza nkqubo kwaso imisebenzi yesiqhelo?

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku asinakukwazi, babonisa ukuba kukho isinqandi ukuthi ilungele zonke iinkqubo ngaphandle kokukhetha kuphela. Zonke ulwelo transfer ubushushu eyaziwa ngokuba iinkqubo ukufudumeza babe ngani nezingeloncedo kwaye enzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezichazwe ngokungqongqo.

Imithetho esisiseko ngokukhetha

Le migaqo iya kunceda ukuba ukhethe umgangatho ophezulu njengesipholisi ikhuselekileyo.

• Amanzi kufuneka kuthuthwa ngexesha elifutshane isixa liphezulu kangangoko ubushushu, ukuze ukuba elungileyo transfer ubushushu medium kufuneka idlule ngokukhawuleza yonke inkqubo yokusebenza umendo, ukuze ngokwenjenjalo ziqinisekise isiqalo ekhawulezayo nkqubo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, le ubushushu egumbini. Qdim iikhrayitheriya engundoqo umgangatho njengesipholisi rate kwegazi.
• Qhwa ulwelo ukwenzela inkqubo ukufudumeza akufunekanga ibe yityhefu kwaye esetyenziswa ezinokutsha. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa nje kuphela ukhuseleko lwakho kodwa ukukhusela abantu abangaphakathi neengxaki ezinxulumene volatilization okanye umlilo umphunga oyityhefu.
• Ukwandisa ukusebenza, ngamanye amazwi, kwinkqubo njengesipholisi kwegazi, ke kufuneka ukuba ulwelo waba viscous ngakumbi.
• Ubushushu ukudluliselwa inkqubo ubushushu ukuba babe kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kufuneka babe conductivity elungileyo thermal.
• Ophezulu ezikumgangatho isinqandi akufuneki kubangela umhlwa, njengoko ingengabo bonke Izifudumezi mihla kufuneka ukhuseleko olwaneleyo ngalo mba.
• Ukukhetha njengesipholisi, kufuneka bakhokelwe yimigaqo kuqoqosho olufanelekileyo kunye nengqiqo - intlanganisela ngokupheleleyo iindleko nomgangatho.

amanzi

Kuzo zonke ulwelo ehlabathini amanzi karhulumente zemvelo ubushushu ethile eliphezulu - avareji ndaweni-1 kcal / (kg × deg). Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ikhilogram enye yamanzi lashushu lobushushu 90ºC waza zipholile ku 70ºC kwi radiator kwi egumbini afudunyezwe le yunithi, kuphuma 20 kcal ubushushu.

zivula Water unalo ezixineneyo (917 kg / ^m-3), apho, xa okupholisa okanye ukufudumeza lifinyele. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba amanzi engamanzi kulindelekile ukuba uyakwazi ukwandisa phantsi okupholisa kubushushu.

iimpawu ezinobungozi kunye nezendalo yamanzi becala bongamile kwabo parameters, leyo uphawu naziphi coolants zokwenziwa - ukukhululwa Ngengozi kwenkqubo zokufudumeza, ayiyi kudala iingxaki ukwenzela impilo indlu, ukuba akuyi kuwa ngqo kwi emzimbeni womntu.

Xa loo umthamo ukuvuza ekuqaleni wamanzi ukubuyisa ilula kakhulu - nje ngokwaneleyo ukuze ndiyiphalaze isixa ezifunekayo kwinkqubo kwitanki ukufudumeza iilitha ukwanda.

imihlobo emelana

Ubukhulu becala ke isinqandi zivula i ekhaya - yinto igama iquka konke izinto oko akuthethi ngumkhenkce kwiqondo elithile ephantsi. Kwakhona ukuqaphela kukuba nokubanda, apho kusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza ngamnye, akabonakalanga kudala kangaka. Noko ke, abanini yeeflethi kunye nezindlu kunye zokufudumeza ngamnye ibonisa ukuba isicelo kwento kunye neempawu ze-data, inkqubo ayihambi peremerzala.

Nangona into yokuba namhlanje imarike inika ezininzi iinketho nokubanda kwiinkqubo ukufudumeza kbavelisi ezahlukeneyo, uninzi lwezi izisombululo zenziwa ngezinto ezintathu ezingundoqo - propylene ethers, glycerol okanye ethylene ethers.

propylene ethers

It is non-ezingenabungozi, umxube viscous, apho kungekho umbala. Propylene ethers na incasa elithozamisayo kunye ivumba rezkovat isici. Le ngobuwena lo ngumfuziselo ngokupheleleyo nokubanda, kodwa umxube esekelwe kuyo luyabiza.

glycerol

Ubushushu transfer kwinkqubo zokufudumeza ezisekwe glycerol na ulwelo viscous ukuba unalo incasa elithozamisayo kancinane, kodwa akukho ivumba. Le nto ayikho yityhefu kunye namatyala ityhefu zinqabile kakhulu. Ukongeza, glycerin iyachithakala ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukuba inkqubo zokufudumeza esebenzisa amanzi Yek, ngoko ke akuyi kubakho ikeyiki.

ethylene ethers

Le ebonakalayo polyol, akukho ivumba kunye nombala, kodwa a incasa elithozamisayo. Ethylene ethers yityhefu kakhulu kwaye xa isetyenziswa imali encinci kunokukhokelela eziyityhefu kakhulu, nto leyo kwiimeko ezininzi ekhokelela ukushwabana okanye ukufa.

Nangona ubuthi, inkqubo ukufudumeza indlu yabucala kunye njengesipholisi yeyona ibiza, ngoko ifuneka ngamandla kuyo. Xa usebenzisa lo mxube kufuneka ndinyanyekelwe, nakwinkqubo apparatus, zonke iimfuno kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane ukuthintela ulwelo angene amanzi aselwayo kunye ukuvuza kunokwenzeka.

Isinqandi ukufudumeza: ngexabiso

Ukuze ubone iindleko kwenkqubo zokufudumeza emelana, kufuneka bazazi umqulu ngokuncomeka kwesixokelelwano, kufuneka babale esima 10-15%.

Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo:

• yardage kunye nenani imibhobho, ngokunjalo ubukhulu zabo;
• umthamo njengesipholisi kubume engundoqo (itanki ukwanda, ukufudumeza, kwibhoyila).

isinqandi yasekhaya iinkqubo ukufudumeza iindleko kuxhomekeke kwilizwe wokwenziwa, ukwakhiwa isicombululo. imixube bagxila kufuna amanyathelo ezongezelelweyo ukuxutywa ngamanzi, kodwa ukuthenga uphela uya kubiza.

Umzekelo, ethylene ethers isinqandi unako ukuthenga iintlobo ezimbini.

• "Izinto House -30" sisisombululo ukulungele-to-ukusetyenziswa zolwelo leyo zingathengwa ngenxa engange 70 ngelitha 1 nganye.
• "Izinto House -65" lo mxube, ilitha 1 of leyo ixabisa 85 engange. Ukuxutywa yale isisombululo kunye qhwa ku -30 ° C ixabiso yi ilitha-1 ukuya engange-50.

ukhetho Consumer zixhomekeke eziphathekayo kunye nohlobo izinto ezakha zivula elijikeleza. Abanye qaphela ukuba ukusetyenziswa ulwelo non-ukuqanda akubikho overruns amandla ngenxa nakwenzeka iidipozithi iindonga kwibhoyila kunye neetyuwa igiza, leyo kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa. Ukuphonononga njengesipholisi kunokwenzeka ngokwezoqoqosho ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa ukufudumeza umbane kwizakhiwo apho kunokwenzeka yoqhawulo ixesha elide lwamandla ombane, kunye namakhaya lizwe kunye nemiqolomba yokuhlala ezithile.