Cosmopolitan - ukuba ... Imbali imbonakalo kunye nentsingiselo

Cosmopolitanism kuthiwa ideology, apho abantu ubona ehlabathini lonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngabaluphi uhlanga, ubuzwe okanye ukuba uhlanga oluthile. Xa inguqulelo lokoqobo ukusuka elinabantu Greek - yinto "ungummi wehlabathi." Kwakhona, le nto iye ezinye iinguqulelo, ngokuxhomekeke orientation kwezopolitiko, ixesha. Abanye babo iyaphikisana, kodwa cinga ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo.

Cosmopolitan - nto ...

Ngokutsho isichazi-magama Brockhaus kunye Efron, aphangalele - ngumntu onemigomo ingcamango iLizwe loobawo kwi yonke Earth. Oku kusekelwe ezingqondweni ubunye lonke uluntu nobuqabane elinomdla lwamazwe ngamanye kunye nabantu njengoko amalungu uluntu olunye. Kuphosakele ukuphikisa imfundiso wothand'uhlanga. Le ideology akukhethi uthando abantu bakhe, ezweni lakowethu. Ngamanye amazwi, aphangalele - lo nguye lowo okulungileyo zoluntu ke akuyona wokugqibela umlinganiselo, ekwafanekisa le umdla lonke uluntu. Umzekelo okuphawuleka imfundiso le nkolo yobuKrestu.

Encyclopedia inika inkcazelo elandelayo kombono: aphangalele - umfo lowo, omkhanyelayo wesizwe kunye ulongamo karhulumente, ugiba ilifa lesizwe kunye nenkcubeko, izithethe, nobuthandazwe. TSB libiza yile ngcinga kunye yoohlohlesakhe asabela. Ngokutsho utoliko Dictionary of the ezentlalo, cosmopolitanism - igcinwe yaye imfundiso Mathews ukwaliwa inkcubeko kunye nezithethe abantu babo. Cosmopolitan - nguye lowo ukhanyelayo urhulumente bodwa egameni ubunye bonke abantu zabantu.

Le nkcazelo yanamhlanje

Okwangoku, le nentsingiselo eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi oku kulandelayo: elinabantu - an, hayi ulawulo yesizwe okanye indawo ezizimeleyo simahla ukususela nempembelelo obunazo abantu ezincinane idolophu ezinxulumene kunye nokuqonda naziphi predilections kunye nokukhethwa zabanye, ngaloo ndlela ngokuyintloko kwintlonipho ngamnye. Cosmopolitan kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe - nguye lowo ayisazi amalungelo ngokobuhlanga, ezopolitiko, zesizwe kunye nezinye ezifanayo. Kuba amarhamente yile ngcinga alwamkelekanga kuhlaziswa, ukuhlukunyezwa kunye ikukunyasha amalungelo ibala (iinwele, amehlo), inkolo, ukukhubazeka engqondweni okanye ngokwasemzimbeni, iimfeketho zokufeketha okanye iinkolelo, esizithandayo (ukuba Kakade ke, akukho isiphumo esibi kwabanye), izithethe abazithandayo. Loo njengokutshayelwa kwizithethe ugugile, kodwa kuthatha phezu entsha, inkqubela ngakumbi yaye bekhululekile, ngoxa zokumiswa iimbono zabo. Ngokusisiseko, cosmopolitanism wabonakalisa kuluntu kunye ezahlukeneyo ngokwenkcubeko okanye iimpawu iqapheleka yokwahlukana ukwaluphala legacy.

Neo-amaNazi kunye cosmopolitanism

Noko ke, kukho udidi amarhamente yile ngcinga - cosmopolitans silwe. Aba bantu ukunyanzelisa kuluvo lwabo ngendlela zilwe ngamandla abo, owathi, ngenxa yabo, ngokwaneleyo oluphucukileyo, uphantsi kweempembelelo izithethe zesizwe, ingcamango sokumiswa kunye neengcamango ngokobuhlanga. Abayi ukukhuthaza phambili yabo, kodwa ngqongqo waluthethelela ingcamango kukulahlwa kwawo onke ugugile, ngokoluvo lwabo. Ngenxa yoko, ayikho ingqikelelo "kwanyanzeleka aphangalele". Ngokunjalo kubhaliwe isoloko isetyenziswa, kwaye azise ingcamango "iniyo-nobuNazi".

Enye indlela cosmopolitanism na jikelele bepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda kunye noshishino. Kwakhona iquka ufikelelo kulwazi ukuze wonke naphi na kwihlabathi, indawo yokuhlala simahla yokuhamba, amazwe womanyano.

Indaba cosmopolitanism

Ukubonakalisa yokuqala oku kunokubonwa ndimanyene ungasebenzisi zigalo zezindlu, izizwe kunye noluntu. Oku kwenziwa ngokusekelwe imikhwa zonqulo, ezoqoqosho, geographical, yembono ukusinda kwimeko engentle ngaphandle ihlabathi. Yaba uhlobo inkcaso izikumkani ifomu yinkohliso, uthi kunye ubukhosi. Inani lokuqala yembali, libhengeze ngokwakhe elinabantu, yena uDiogenes. Wakhuthaza ingcamango ukwanda izithakazelo zabo phezu karhulumente. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kanjalo ukuba esi nomthelela ekuncipheni kwezixeko lesiGrike yakhokela kuphika iingcamango zentlalo ubuzwe Insert. Abantu waqonda njengabemi umzi, kunye nelahleko lwamaxabiso kunye nokuzimela izixeko ngamnye baqala ukubiza bona njengabemi yehlabathi. Le ideology siqulunqwe amaStoyike, kodwa ngaphambili wavakalisa abaGxeki (i uDiogenes efanayo). In zawo intanda olunolwazi - ngummi karhulumente yehlabathi lonke.

yokubonakalisa Real obubonakalayo cosmopolitanism yaba Pope ezopolitiko zobuthixo, kwakunye ingcamango yokudala neNgonyama iphela. Nangona kude abangafezekanga. Kwakhona kule Age wokukhanya kunye Renaissance, le ideology wawusalathiswa nxamnye feudalism zuka nokukhuthaza inkululeko ngamnye. Cosmopolitan (intsingiselo) isetyenziselwa njengengqiqo ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-18.

Ubuzwe Cosmopolitanism

Amanye amarhamente le ngcamango benqaba okunayo ukuya lizwe, zokubatshintsha ngabanye efanayo ngokumalunga kwihlabathi lonke. Ingcamango ephambili isilogeni - kuba ubunye abantu bonke. Ngokutsho cosmopolitans, ngeli xesha, abantu singene kwisigaba wesiseko lwempucuko eqinileyo-langa. Ukubeka amalungelo kunye nomdla ngamnye ngentla kurhulumente, cosmopolitans ke sukudlelana ingqikelelo kwilizwe kunye iziseko karhulumente okanye ulawulo kwezopolitiko. Ngokwale ideology, urhulumente njengoko isixhobo amandla kufuneka simkhonze nokukhusela umdla abemi bayo, kwaye awunakho ukwenza ngolunye uhlobo. Ngamanye amazwi, abemi kwilizwe elithile awunaku ukuncama okuthile ngenxa yezilangazelelo karhulumente.

abavela rootless

Nanku lo mntu ophelelwe ilizwe labo, badla iminikelo yabo. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ibinzana ukuvela kwi-40 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Sasilisebenzisela ikakhulu ukuba zizifundiswa, yena ubona "iingcamango anti-ubuzwe", ngokutsho kubunkokheli be-USSR.