Employment of esigangeni yombane kwi ukubana ngecala

Kuyo nayiphi na intlawulo egcinwa umkhosi endle wombane yayinegunya. Kulo mba, intshukumo kwentlawulo entsimini buchazwa yi nokusebenza intsimi yombane. Ungabala njani lo msebenzi?

Ukusebenza yasendle yombane yi electrocharge kufudukela apha nombhexeshi. Kuya kuba elilingana imveliso ombane, ngoku kunye nexesha elichithwa emsebenzini.

Ukusebenzisa Ifomula uMthetho Ohm kaThixo, sinako ukufumana ezimbalwa iinketho ezahlukeneyo ifomula ukubala yomsebenzi yangoku:

A = U˖I˖t = I²R˖t = (U² / R) T.

Ukungqinelana lokulondoloza amandla umthetho ukusebenza amandla asendle yombane ulingana ukutshintsha inxalenye kwitsheyini enye, ngoko ke amandla eyakhutshwa ngumqhubi, iya kulingana nomsinga.

Sivakalisa kwinkqubo SI:

[A] = Vas = Vt˖s J =

1 kVt˖chas J = 3600000.

Imifuniselo zenziwa. Cinga intshukumo kwentlawulo kwintsimi enye, nto leyo ukhandwa ezimbini bebekwe amacwecwe parallel A and B wabekwa ityala esahlukileyo. Kulo mhlaba imigca amandla bonke ubude bayo aa Incopho kwala macwecwe, kwaye xa ipleyiti A yi kakuhle icala, ngoko ke amandla endle E wawusalathiswa A ku B.

Zicingele ukuba intlawulo q entle bafudukela ukusuka kwindawo a ukuya kwindawo b ahambe ngendlela engaqondakaliyo ab = s.

Ekubeni amandla izenzo ngezityholo egcinwa zasendle alingane F = qE, umsebenzi owenziwe ngexesha intshukumo kwentlawulo endle ngokutsho indlela kwangaphambili kuchaziwe kule nxaki:

A = FS cos α, okanye A = qFs cos α.

Kodwa s cos α = d, apho d - umgama phakathi amacwecwe.

Oku lulandelayo: A = qEd.

Masibhale Ngoku yisa isigxina q of a kunye b enyanisweni ACB. Ukusebenza yasendle yombane, kwenziwa ngale ndlela, nguye umdibaniso womsebenzi owenziweyo kwezinye iindawo kuyo: ac = s₁, CB = s₂, ie

A = qEs₁ cos α₁ + qEs₂ cos α₂,

A = qE (cos s₁ α₁ + s₂ cos α₂,).

Kodwa cos s₁ α₁ + s₂ cos α₂ = d, yaye ke ngoko kulo mzekelo A = qEd.

Kwakhona, bacinga oshukunyiswa intlawulo q ukusuka ukuya b ngumntu igophe ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Ukubala umsebenzi owenziwa kule ndlela egosogoso, kuyimfuneko ukuba delaminate entsimini phakathi amacwecwe A kunye nemali engangama- moya parallel leyo kufutshane kakhulu omnye komnye ukuba amacandelo ngabanye indlela s phakathi iinqwelomoya abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngqo.

Kulo mzekelo, ukusebenza emasimini zombane eveliswa nganye inxalenye indlela data iya kuba A₁ = qEd₁, apho d₁ - umgama phakathi moya ezibekwe ngecala. A umsebenzi ngokupheleleyo yonke indlela d iya kulingana imveliso udibaniso d₁ qE kunye umgama olingana d. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa indlela egosogoso iya kulingana umsebenzi wenziwe A = qEd.

Le mizekelo ingqalelo sithi, zibonisa ukuba ukusebenza intsimi zombane phezu intshukumo kwentlawulo kuyo nayiphi na indawo ukuya kwenye izimele ekwimo umendo intshukumo, kwaye kuxhomekeke kuphela iingongoma kwindawo data entsimini.

Ukongeza, siyazi ukuba umsebenzi wenziwa womxhuzulane xa umzimba ihamba phezu moya bathanda ukuba ubude l, iya kulingana umsebenzi eyenza umzimba xa ukuwa ukusuka h ubude, kwaye ukuphakama moya bethana. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi amandla womxhuzulane okanye, ingakumbi, umsebenzi ihamba umzimba xa entsimini omxhuzulane, kakhulu, akuxhomekekanga kwi imilo indlela kwaye kuxhomekeke kuphela umahluko eziphakamileyo iingongoma yokuqala neyokugqibela endleleni.

Ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukungqina ukuba propati ebalulekileyo enjalo bangenayo iyunifomu kuphela, kodwa yonke endle yombane. Efanayo Kunjalo ke amandla womxhuzulane.

Ukusebenza esigangeni electrostatic zemfuduka intlawulo ukusuka kwindawo enye ukuya kwenye ingongoma ixhomekeke a ebalulekile yomgama:

A₁₂ = ∫ L₁₂q (EDL),

apho L₁₂ - isikhokelo isigxina, DL - ukufuduka omncane kwindlela. Ukuba wesekethe ivaliwe, ngoko ke uphawu efunekayo iyasetyenziswa ∫; kule meko Kucingelwa ukuba le sekethe ulwalathiso bypass ekhethiweyo.

Umsebenzi amandla electrostatic komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni imilo endleleni, kodwa kuphela uququzelelo iingongoma yokuqala neyokugqibela ukufuduka. Ngenxa yoko, amandla endle emasikweni, intsimi ngokwayo - ngokumandla. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba umsebenzi nawuphi na amandla endala ahambe ngendlela evaliweyo ngu zero.