ESmolensk, ingcamango Cathedral: inkcazelo, idilesi

KumaXesha Aphakathi iminyaka emibini kwenzeka wawalwela ESmolensk, leyo eyaphela ngo 1611, ngomnyaka. Nangona Rzeczpospolita wayefuna wasithimba isixeko. Xa uxinzelelo kwakuyeyona nto ESmolensk, ingcamango Cathedral yasha ngabantu bakhe. yatshatyalaliswa Inxalenye yesakhiwo. Ibulala ezafa abamsulwa, ukuba ngamaxhoba ingxabano.

Reconstruction and nokuvuselelwa

Emva koko, ukutyhubela iinkulungwane 17-18 abemi Sizibandakanye ekubuyiselweni itempile. Bayiphosa yonke imikhosi ukuba kutsha Cathedral le vekeleke xona. ESmolensk bachitha imali eninzi, ukuba ile lesikhumbuzo bokwakha ezizodwa.

Ngexesha ukubuyiselwa kwenziwe iimpazamo ezibalulekileyo, ngenxa apho kwakukho yokuwa uphahla ezininzi. Kodwa ephule sele zilungisiwe, wawohlwaya onetyala, kangangokuba Dormition Cathedral (ESmolensk) nangoku wavuka amabhodlo. Nge kuphindwa kwakhona isakhiwo noko ilungiswe. Namhlanje, sibona ngendlela ezibiza ngokuba ezahlukeneyo, xa kuthelekiswa noko ibandla ngenkulungwane ye-12. Kodwa ke ilahlekelwe okumangalisayo, ubuhle kunye impressiveness. Kuthiwa uNapoleon, xa kuqala wabona Smolensky Cathedral, ngentlonelo wayisusa umnqwazi wakhe cocked.

amaxesha eziphazamisayo kunye nzima

Kwaba nje nizole, waza wahlala ESmolensk. Ingqikelelo Cathedral iye ubungqina iimfazwe ezinkulu ezimbini. Eyokuqala yaba kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, oko kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ngeli xesha, uNapoleon luhlelwe ukucwangcisa lori ngaphakathi etempileni.

Ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-150 kamva omnye umlo omkhulu iye yashukumisa ESmolensk. Ingqikelelo Cathedral - enye ezo zinto ezachaphazela Imfazwe Patriotic Enkulu eyathi yabhuqa ukusukela 1941 ukuya kunyaka 1945-th.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, isimo sengqondo ukuya izibingelelo zaba, njengokuba sisazi, ayonto ngentlonelo. Kwaye loo nto nethamsanqa, ukuba omnye okanye enye icawa eziguqulelwe kwi indawo yokugcina imveliso yezolimo, kwaye asitshatyalaliswa.

uhlekisa Kanye kule 20 ubekwe Museum of izimvo antireligious Kwingcingane Cathedral ESmolensk. Icons akusekho ebangela imvakalelo sinokuhlonela uThixo abangcwele. ngaphambili Esi sakhiwo wayenesikhundla lawula phakathi kwamabandla esixeko eso sithili. Ngoku ke nje inomtsalane kubakhenkethi, waya apho abantu ukwazi, ongaphumiyo kwebala kunye neemfuno ukukhanya kaThixo sublime.

Ubuhle Ukuntsonkotha

Yenye yezona ityebileyo kwaye ihonjiswe nokucacisa ne ngongoma yokuluka yokucingela kwingcinga Cathedral ESmolensk. Inkcazelo ngezakhiwo, akanaso nohombisoa embindini kunye nenani imifanekiso iyamangalisa. Kwinkcazelo luthathe imigangatho ezintlanu kubude lilonke iimitha ezingamashumi amathathu. Behlela lesi ubuhle esimnandi segolide ngobuchule oqingqiweyo eqingqiweyo ngamaplanga. Ayifane apho ungafumana into echaphazela ubukhulu bayo kangaka. Amarhamente nga ngokoqobo wabethelelwa isikali ndawo ubungangamsha ukucokisa le etempileni.

nezinto ezingcwele

Umlondolozi zonqulo ezininzi iqhawe-isixeko ESmolensk. izinto ezintathu, nto leyo eye ziyakubaluleka ekhethekileyo vekeleke Cathedral sisezindongeni isindisa. Ngazo ukuba nje kuphela kumazwe zabo zomthonyama, kodwa kude kude. Abantu baza ukugoba amadolo am phambi kwabo Cathedral ye kwingcinga (ESmolensk), idilesi yayo ngu: str. Cathedral Mountain, 5.

Eyokuqala kwezi zinto iimbadada, apho ngenkulungwane ye-13 baya njengegorha engcwele Mercury. Kananjalo apha sisigubungelo kwenziwa lusukwe iinkosi zegolide Princess Efrosinia Staritskaya ngenkulungwane ye-16. Kukho kwakhona ubuso wenza imimangaliso. Le icon ichaza ESmolensk uMama kaThixo, ogama Hodegetria. Oyidingayo senziwa ngenkulungwane ye-17.

Feat onesibindi isixeko oboronitelya

Ukuba sithethe ngakumbi malunga maqhawe angcwele Mercury ngenkulungwane yokuqala weshumi elinesithathu, ukuba ESmolensk irhuluneli. Mnandi Knight woyisa umkhosi Mongol-Tatar. Idabi kwenzeka kufuphi kwilali Dalgomostya, apho ungafumana ngokuya iikhilomitha ezingama-27 kumzantsi kummandla ESmolensk.

Mercury wafa ukufa sobugorha Njengomkhuseli yokwenene ilizwe lokuzalwa. Xa irhuluneli yamsukela utshaba lavaka, ukuba uvalelwe emfazweni, evela elavela ukubola noloyiso. Sinokuhlonela nokoyika amandla umphathi, lamiselwa emva kokufa kwakhe kubo abangcwele, aye alondolozwa ezindongeni ndawo nguThixo, ngelo xesha yayisaziwa ngokuba kwingcinga Cathedral Monomahovsky.

I-17 bazisa isixeko nangoku ukubandezeleka. Yena injalo amabutho Polish. Bubushushu yedabi umntu weba amandla. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 ngaphandle kwetempile wamba njengegorha umkhonto. Kule ukuphanga ayenziwanga wayeka, yaye phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20 iye zinyamalele nesigcina-ntloko. Kwaba kuphela de iimbadada zikhona.

Ukuba uyakholwa ilivo, ekufumaneni yezixhobo zomkhosi, amadoda enxibe ngegorha Mercury inika ukhuseleko kwi waseZulwini Queen of ESmolensk kunye banqande ngeembandezelo zonke.

Imbali sisigubungelo

Ngokubhekiselele sisigubungelo ndalukwayo workshop, nto leyo eyazisa Princess Starytska, ngexesha lokuveliswa kwaso ithathwa phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-16. Isiqalelo nezambatho kudluliselwa iindonga yecawa, ebeyinalo elikomkhulu ukuze ukhumbule umthetheli ungasekhoyo, awathandayo Vladimir Staritskiy, kuza sisizalwane esisondeleyo kwabamba karhulumente.

Ukuqala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba yabalasela kukuba umsolwa isiFrentshi inkunzi ebekwe phantsi esixabisekile WHO ukusuka kwikomkhulu, kwawona ixhoba labo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, yaye sisigubungelo. Ngoku, yena wathunyelwa eludongeni etempileni ESmolensk yokulondoloza. Xa uNapoleon ke bagxothwa evela kumazwe Russian, isixeko waphawula ngegalelo lakhe elikhulu ekuqhutyweni neemeko ngexesha Second World War ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Alexander I, ngubani Wacebisana umphathi uMikhail Kutuzov wagqiba ukunikela isipho esixekweni nombulelo ngenxa isibindi sakhe.

Ngoku ke kwikhaya sisigubungelo waba Smolensky Cathedral of ngombono. umsebenzi wobugcisa enenzuzo enkulu ngenxa ukohluka layo kunye nemfezeko Le nto.

I engcwele putevoditelnitsy icon

Chudotvoryaschaya icon "Hodegetria" kwi ESmolensk azinikele nguMama kaThixo, yenye izinto ezenziwe ezingcwele ezibalulekileyo besive kwihlabathi lamaKristu. Ngokutsho inkcazelo ekhoyo, ukuba yabhalwa nguLuka loMshumayeli ngexesha xa uMama oyiNgcwele kaThixo waphila emhlabeni.

Ngaphambili, i icon Wagcinwa Chernigov, apho wathabatha Kwingcingane Cathedral, Vladimir Monomakh. Oku kwenzeka kwiminyaka yokuqala kwenkulungwane ye-12. Ekubeni yayichongwe kunye ESmolensk. Igama icon eliqaqambileyo ebusweni putevoditelnitsy.

Ngokutsho kubahlali baloo mzi, kuba "Hodegetria" ukusindisa abantu kunye namakhaya abo imikhonto iintolo boyisa. 1812 Unyaka yaba kusenziwa kujike ikomkhulu phambi Idabi Borodino. Siye saqhubeka umngcelele kufutshane yesicelo waza wabuyela kwindawo i icon.

IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic ka-1941-1945. ngonaphakade wabathabatha abantu yonqulo lwabo, njengoko wafa okanye ndebiwa ngexesha umlo.

Ukubuya Face Holy

Xa ESmolensk yakhululwa imikhosi kaHitler, umfanekiso agqabhuke ehlabathini lamaKristu. Ngowe-1602, unyaka emva kokuba isiko, apho ndayingcwalisa le ESmolensk inqaba eludongeni, le yokuqala yabhalwa ikopi abenaso Boris Godunov.

Kwaye ngoku, kwinkulungwane kamva, le wobugcisa isonto. Namhlanje, iindonga kwindawo engcwele kufumaniseke ukuba bento - inguqulelo ezinkulu original "Hodegetria of ESmolensk", nto leyo nayo wayesoyikwa ngabantu ngenxa ngokungummangaliso kwaye igqalwa enye zonqulo ezibalulekileyo zeNgqobhoko. Nguwuphi na ke ngoku lo icon zipeyintwe yi St. uLuka, akwaziwa: babulawa ngexesha lohlaselo German, okanye ebiweyo kwaye ogqunywe ukuqokelelwa umntu yabucala?

itempile kubomi banamhlanje

Kule mihla, indawo engcwele ityelelwa abanquli. Ugcwalisa igama elingcwele Archpriest Mihail Gorovoy Uspensky Cathedral ESmolensk. Sizinikele ezinkonzweni kuThixo, unqulo icon. abezopolitiko ezininzi dolophu akhoyo iziganeko ezibalulekileyo.

Kwenziwa ngokungqinelana life zonqulo. izwi Net kwenyusa lwesakhiwo wetempile Cathedral Choir of the Cathedral, iqela lomculo yabantwana, ofundisa esikolweni Orthodox. Kukho kwakhona wenza sisincoko isishwankathelo ekungqungqeni, ngubani abaqeqeshi isixeko sobufundisi isikolo yonqulo. Iinkonzo Unqulo yasasazwa kumabonakude ngexesha lokwenyani ngamajelo eziphambili ESmolensk.

Church ezenzekelayo wenza lula ibandla, kukhathalelo yakhe nemfezeko. Ngoko ke, eza kwisikweri kwi Cathedral okanye Dnieper eweni, ungajonga kwi unqulo eboniswe kwi big screen. Kodwa ukuba emoyeni ekhethekileyo itempile kunokwenzeka kuphela kunye ngotyelelo lwakhe.