Ezishiywe station komhlaba eMoscow: ilivo le Moscow Metro

Moscow Metro, ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala kwisiqingatha sesibini eko zenkulungwane XX, uyabonakala abaninzi njengoko impumelelo modernity eliphezulu kakhulu. zinakho Wazibeka kakuhle (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu) izitishi ehonjisiweyo, amakhulu eekhilomitha iziporo, umkhweli flow abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezisi-8 ngosuku ... Konke oku akaphenduli izimvo neembono zangoku zabantu phaya, phantsi emhlabeni, ngokusekelwe uxolo umphambukeli, Kwakunzima, otherworldly . Kodwa kukho kwi zazerkalnom zothutho iindawo ubukumkani apho nkqu materialists kufa-nzima aqalile ukuba sithandabuze ukuba yonke into kweli hlabathi kuyaqondakala. It bashiya station metro eMoscow. Legends ezinxulumene nazo, kucanda phakathi kwabantu, ngathi oololiwe-high speed. Kwenza ofuna ukuzifaka kwenye "umqeqeshi" ukufunda imfihlelo komhlaba emangalisayo, kodwa akukho namnye! (Xa ifoto kwi emazantsi nqaku. "ESoviet").

Amaphupho ziyinyaniso yaye asiyonyani

iindwendwe ezininzi eyinkunzi Russian (kwaye nkqu abemi zomthonyama) amathandabuzo ezikhoyo (okanye ukuba ikhona) bashiya isikhululo metro eMoscow. Olu luhlu: "eSoviet", "Imini", "Volokolamsk", "ukulungela ukusebenza". Abanye baye bahlala iziporho, abanye babuya kwisenzo emva zisabonakala elide.

imihlaba Mysterious nje kancinci kude civilization yezothutho ngokufihlakeleyo. Imvulophu zabo, isiliphu, usebenzisa indawo eyahlukileyo. Kodwa oku lithe lalila ngezwi ochwayithileyo le umsasazi: "sliding Doors! stop Okulandelayo ... ". It is a lesikhumbuzo ekhethekileyo neenjongo kuzaliseka okanye batshintsha ngayo Homo sapiens.

Kuyabonakala ukuba loo mmandla ukukhanya kwelanga eMoscow shintsha, casemates zifihliwe, izisele eyayikho kwinkulungwane XVIII. Kukho ulwazi malunga ikhadi le "ilizwe emnyama". Makhe sikulungisele isikhokelo emfutshane, nto leyo ithetha phi nendlela ukukhangela bashiya kwisikhululo metro eMoscow. Amafoto kusinceda siqonde bhetele iikona mfihlakalo.

"Soviet"

Art. "ESoviet" (Zamoskvoretskaya line). Oku kukodwa ilivo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba into engena isigaba sesibini zolwakhiwo metro eMoscow (iprojekthi evunyiweyo ngoSeptemba 1935). Sasifuna ukuba imiswe kwi umsantsa phakathi kwesikhululo yangoku "Theatre" (ngaphambili "Sverdlov Square") kunye "Mayakovsky".

Ngexesha ukwakhiwa naziphi na iingxaki, kuquka nemin. Ngenxa yoko, iingcamango yokuqala balahlekelwe ukufaneleka, ingakumbi ekubeni kwakukho isikhululo 'Tverskaya "(ekwabizwa ngokuba" Gorky "). Noko ke, izinto zale projekthi okuthiwa luncedo.

Ngokutsho amarhe, kwisiza lwahlulekile "eSoviet" ndlu ulawulo wakha yokhuselo loluntu, unezinga eliphezulu wokukhuselwa kwiimpembelelo ezibi lwangaphandle. Nemidyarho apha emotweni yalo mgca metro, ukwazi kakhulu wondela kwinkangeleko komhlaba: a flash ngesiquphe ukuba unaloo esi sakhiwo? Kodwa ke imfihlelo usekho yenza imfihlakalo.

Xa sicingela ukuba kukho ndlu, ukuba ibekwe ngendlela iimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka iindonga imigudu, malunga kule ndawo phezu komhlaba apho kukho ilitye lesikhumbuzo Yuriyu Dolgorukomu.

"May Day" (ezilahlekileyo)

Xa "washiya kwisikhululo sikaloliwe" udidi kunye umba libhekisela eMoscow. "May Day" (1954 -. 1961, Arbat-Pokrovskaya umgca.). Mu kuya kwa nshita "eSoviet" Oku wakho ubeziphethe stop komhlaba. Igcinwa electrodepot "Izmailovo" (kuba Izmailovo Park).

Le yokulinda kuyabonakala namhlanje. Kude kube kamva nje, phezu iqela ngaphambili eyenziwa: "ahlangana nabo. LM Kaganovich "enhle ecacile oonobumba:" May Day ". Namhlanje, onzima ngaphakathi emsebenzini kwi podemochnomu lungisa imibuzo ngexesha, ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezonakeleyo kunxitywe - isitshixo nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo metro eMoscow.

Abasebenzi kufuneka ithuba lokuba abathenga yonke imihla ukubona tile, sistucco, kwaye yokutyiwa gilding, njengoko singqine ukuba ii-ndawo ngaphambili ukuba isikhululo phantsi komhlaba (final), nto leyo ngokupheleleyo ubomi eziqhelekileyo umkhweli. Ekukholelwa ukuba amatsha baye igumbi imyuziyam ngokufihlakeleyo (ubudala sele ngokusondeleyo): Complex Exhibition ngokwesiseko isikhululo closed - indlela enkulu ukubonisa uxelele abakhenkethi, "njengokuba kwakunjalo."

"Volokolamskaya" (Imvuselelo)

Nantsi ke ingcaciso "ezishiywe kwisikhululo sikaloliwe eMoscow." Art. Volokolamskaya (Violet Metro line) ibandakanya iindawo ezintathu nzulu. imikrozo emibini ziintsika iziqwenga 26 nganye. Construction - Togu "Tushino", eqokelelwe ngowe-1975. imisebenzi Xa begqiba ebezingekenziwa ukususela lokuvula lahlehliselwa.

Injongosenzi phantsi yangaphambili indiza Tushino (Aeropol). Entwasahlobo, xa ikhephu linyibilike, siya ukujonga ulwandlalo yayo. Ukususela ngo-2010, emhlabeni ophawulwe imvuselelo ngohlobo lomsebenzi ukwakhiwa ibala ngenxa lebhola i "Spartak".

Ukuba kwiminyaka 70 XX kwekhulu apha njengoko bekucwangcisiwe yokuhlala zokuhlala zakhiwe, "Volokolamskaya" akayi yawela kudidi kuzuze eminyaka. "Ndiwuzolise" isikhululo kuyabonakala ingakumbi xa besondela esiwa ngxi "Tushinskaya" (ingakumbi xa ukuntywiliselwa kwimeko yinkungu i kwabaneka izibane ihamba endleleni kuqamba enxuseneyo).

Inene, baninzi abakhweli cwaka wacinga: yintoni eyayiza Kwakubonakala kwimveliso ogqityiweyo? Ngoku imfuneko ekhethekileyo kwezi neminqweno ayikho: ngo-2014 yavulwa isikhululo. Hayi kude enkundleni ekhayeni lakhe uloliwe nguSpartacus. Ngoko ke ibuhlungu kangaka hayi, kodwa hayi emva kwemini, kodwa amathunzi ezingaphiliyo shwaka, ngokufuthi ukutshintsha amagama. "Volokolamskaya" ngoku ebizwa ngokuba "nguSpartacus."

"Kaluzhskaya" (ixesha)

Lo "umntu" iyahlozinga ifakiwe nayo bashiya kwisikhululo metro eMoscow. Art. "Ukulungela ukusebenza" (umgca-orenji) esebenza ukususela 1964 ukuya 1974. Igama esigxininisa ziko, nto leyo yavulwa - idepho "ukulungela ukusebenza". Idilesi yesitalato: Profsoyuznaya street, 59, igumbi ndiniphuthume 5, okanye ubuso kuyo indlu. It elime kule ngingqi ikuyo nangoko nokwenza mihla. Xa oku okunalo ultimate (Kaluzhskoye) radius.

De-1971, Far udonga zendlu waba window. Kodwa abangenela eyandisiweyo, qhoboshela amagumbi ezintathu. Wall waba abangevayo. iindlela ezimbini ukuya ukulungela kukhokelele umthintele. Nayiphi umhombiso kwi Lenjongo wathi: ukususela kwi-imi- 60 XX ekhulwini kuyilo amagcisa kunye abakroli zezityalo akwenze, ityala nxiba emfuleni.

Ukukhanyisa banikwa izibane industrial, ixesha elinde abakhweli kaloliwe whiling kude kwizitulo ezilula ngamaplanga. Platform kunye yokulinda kunye imali namasango ezinezithuba ezaziqhele - isabelo yokulinda wadlula kwiqela owongozelelweyo kulo. Ngowe-1974, unyaka emva kokuba umgca ukwandiswa kulo ilizwe laba phantsi komhlaba, esisikhululo okwexeshana yavalwa.

Platform kwiminyaka yakutshanje indawo yokugcina (ngokutsho kweminye imithombo bade wabatshabalalisa), kwi-okuphumla ofisi yokulinda endala zixhotyiswe, itonela Lenkonzo ikuvumela ukuba uye, ngokudlulisela indawo umkhweli. Apha khona uyakwazi ukubona izibane endala. Bakholelwa ukuba yonke le uqoqosho bekuya kuba ngumbono olungileyo phantsi iphiko Museum of komhlaba eMoscow, de ekugqibeleni ixesha zingacimeka elo khondo.

"Lo kaSparrow Hills" (ngokutsha)

Yaye ngaba njani loo kwisikhululo sikaloliwe ishiywe? EMoscow "Vorobyovy Gory" ( "uLenin") baziwa kakuhle. station wavula January 12, 1959 ukuba kukhuseke yi enamanqanaba asezantsi eNkundleni Metro Bridge. Ngowe-1983 Yaqala bokugcinwa iimpawu ekutshatyalalisweni isiseko into: abachaphazelekayo mgangathweni eziphathekayo. Yena nako ukuma intlokoma ze ibhulorho kwimiphumo avtopotoka kakhulu.

Misa intshukumo kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu (ukusombulula ingxaki) - kwakuthetha ukuba ushiye inxalenye enkulu edolophini kungekho uqhagamshelwano kwiziko (Moscow River kokuqanduselwa). Ewiliko eyafunyanwa ekwakhiweni ezimbini mini-ekhonkcwe kwisiqu metro ibhulorho (1984), ethe wayivala station for wokulungisa.

Kodwa ukuba ukuzalisekisa injongo akuphumelelanga, batshabalalisa yimbi kuphela. Kule 90 emva kwexesha umbuzo wayengekho malunga ukuvuselelwa "unondlwane Hills", kunye nokulungiswa bonke ibhulorho metro. Indawo yoBuyiselo-nkcukacha ngokuthe: similise kuqala kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ngoko kwathi ukuya emazantsi, isikhululo. wave lobunzima nzima yaye ibambezele umsebenzi. Isikhululo kwavulwa kuphela-14 Disemba 2002. Iindlela yokuhamba koololiwe kwaye kwasekwa iqonga kwabelwana, kangangokuba ngoku "entabeni" ntoni kungabi.

dream ku

Abathandi uchulumancile abanomdla "kwisikhululo sikaloliwe ezishiywe eMoscow? Indlela ukuya apho? Ngoko ufuna ukuya apho eyoyikisayo, ebumnyameni, apho kukho uthuli izimvi kwelabafileyo. " Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso ngqondweni uhambo eziququzelelwe rhoqo ukuya kwisakhiwo, inkoliso yabo engakhuselekanga, iindlela ezifihlakeleyo yangaphantsi. Kodwa ndlu Stalin kaThixo (into wokwenene), uthe mveliso abucala ukwazi drive (ubumnandi, nangona cheap).

Kodwa ingakumbi akufuneki abe ligqabi: kwebali sikaloliwe eMoscow wonke kwindalo, kuquka uloliwe with "namadoda baluthuthu mpunga '- wabo amabanjwa abaye bafa imisebenzi kwaye wangcwatywa kwi tonela; Ekucamngceni umphefumlo lineman ebhadula ebusuku iindlela zabo zokusebenza; inani le ntombazana kwabafileyo, ukubonakala ngeendlela emnyango omnyama; izidalwa ibuzi giant; amaqumrhu ezithile ezityhala abantu ekufeni, ukubeka amanyathelo. Konke oku kufunyanwa iinkcukacha ngaphandle ukungena kwisikhululo metro bamshiya eMoscow. Tours ikhava nakwezinye iindawo komhlaba.

Makhe siye kwi engaphantsi!

Ngokukhawuleza kudambe igquma abasondela okanye ukuthatha oololiwe, abakhokeli ndithi amabali umdla amaqela ezikhululekileyo zezikhululo engaphantsi. Nangona alinde phandle ingxolo - ngoko singaxinga ixesha elide, kwaye ukhenketho ayikho ayiphele ndawo. Ukuze ulwazi idla prokrikivayut iingcali.

izinto Zingaphi umdla obufihlwe komhlaba eMoscow! Phantse zonke intshi indlela tour ityhila abaphulaphuli nombulelo dyondzo emva mfihlakalo. Abayi ukubala: bokwakha kwezopolitiko ngezidalwa zamandulo sobuciko "phezulu" amaphepha,,, ... ebalisa isikhululo metro bamshiya eMoscow. Yiya 'intloko' malunga nokwakhiwa ekhoyo phantsi. Zonke umdla! Nesithukuthezi kanye!