Ukuhlaselwa kwi "Pearl Harbor"

NgoDisemba 7, 1941 moya Japanese phantsi umyalelo Tyuiti Nagumo kwaye kwasetyenzwa okubuhlungu nanto kwifuthe kwisiseko yomkhosi wamanzi kwi-US, "Pearl Harbor", elime kule ngingqi ikuyo le zeHawaii Islands. 414 Japanese inomzimba moya, ekuhlaseleni kunye mlilo wahlasela ngamaza ezimbini phezu Sisiseko Navy. Ngenxa yoko, nathi batshoniswe ezine Zempi (kunye nenani elilinganayo kakubi yonakele), abonakalisi ezintathu, cruisers amathathu, omnye minelayer, yatshatyalaliswa imithombo eyahlukeneyo ukusuka 188 ukuya 272 moya.

Ngamini-nye, amaMelika ezilahlekileyo umntu 2403, 1282 owenzakeleyo. Kwimbali US, kwaba inkulu ilahleko yazo emkhosini. Le ngokoyiswa imikhosi linear Pacific Fleet of America iye yabangela nomnyango walo ngoko nangoko kwi Second World War. Ngaphambi kwesi siganeko eUnited States ukususela 1939, mayilandelwe kwisikhundla sokuba cala emfazweni yaye anda amandla alo emkhosini ngokusebenzisa iingalo izinto anti-Hitler ayimbumba eYurophu.

Ukuhlaselwa kwi "Pearl Harbor" Japan wayelungiselela ngenyameko. Yitsho of the US Army akazange alindele okunjalo, ekubeni eHawaii imi kumgama ongaphezu kwe-4 amawaka eekhilomitha ukusuka eJapan. Ngenxa yazo, ukuba uhlaselo Kulindelekile ukuba, xa emazantsi lwePasifiki, omnye amakoloni aseMelika - Singapore kunye Indochina. Ngoko ke, kwisiseko aselwandle ngexesha yokuhlaselwa wayesebenza ngokwesiqhelo.

Ezinye iziseko akhiwe kufutshane eYurophu, baba enqabisekile kwaye ikhuselekile. Xa "Pearl Harbor" yenyuselwa phantse zonke iiyunithi izixhobo yomkhosi wamanzi we-Pacific Fleet, amakhulu yafakwa emhlabeni elikufuphi. Japan, befuna ukumtshabalalisa kwi ngesibetho omnye lonke American Pacific Fleet, ukuba bafumane inzuzo ebalulekileyo imisebenzi zomkhosi.

Abaphandi bathi oku ekuqaleni kwemfazwe kwi olwandle aku- ephucukileyo. Zalisa cwaka irediyo, izithonga ngesiquphe iilahleko yokuqala eyoyikekayo - Japan wayesazi kakuhle kakhulu ngayo kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphazamisa onamandla ihlabathi.

Iliza yokuqala lezimangalo yantlitha ku "Pearl Harbor", wathabatha indawo kwi-8 kusasa, xa iinqwelo-moya Japanese buyizalisile isibhakabhaka phezu American base. Kwathi nje imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokunyusa iflegi - umsitho bemveli the American imihla wambusisa Hawaii. Ukususela emoyeni, iinqanawa iwise ukuqhushumba, ngolokuqala awalibethayo le wempi "Arizona", kwafa ngaphezu amawaka. Ukusuka oogxa bakhe ayikwazanga basinde na matiloshe. Kwakhona, umonakalo omkhulu kwabangelwa madala ngwenya encinane zezithuthi Japanese.

Enye pilot Japanese inxaxheba kuhlaselo, wathi kamva ukuba indawo enhle, iinqanawa American ayegcwele, alungele umngcelele ngeCawa, ngoko iinjongo zazibonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye kulula ukuhlaselwa. Ngexesha kuhlaselwa, iinqanawa akazange abe nexesha ukuhamba, baba lanqumama yandule ukwandlalwa kujoliswe Japanese efanelekileyo. Loo shame Navy US bangazange babe namava na ngaphambili. Uninzi US waseManzini kwi-Pacific Ocean kangangeyure yaba yimfumba yesinyithi. Japanese yokulahlekelwa kweli dabi yaba ncinci.

Ngamazwi njengoko kuvakala unakho, kodwa "Pearl Harbor", imbali apho ukoyiswa leyo anegazi kangaka nakhohlakeleyo, waya ukuze kuxhamle i-US Navy. Kuyo 1942 zonke iintsalela iinqanawa ezo zatshatyalaliswa akavukanga ngokupheleleyo, ebuyiselweyo kakhulu yala maxesha ngcono. Ngethamsanqa amaMelika, ngo-1941 isiseko imikhumbi olunokubakho ayiphazamiseki.

Revenge for i "Pearl Harbor" sathathwa abaseMelika ebusuku ukususela-24 ukuya kowama-25 Oktobha 1944 kwiiPhilippines. US ibutho elijongene Zempi Japanese, ukutshabalalisa ithagethi bhuqe kwi umpu radar.

US igubha iziganeko Usuku Memorial "Pearl Harbor", eyaba yalitshintsha kwimbali US. Olu suku wayengasenguye "lihlazo" i-US Navy, kwaba ekuqaleni kobuqaqawuli semkhosini lizwe, inxaxheba ngokoyiswa ku Germany.