Fish Ray-finned - iintlobo, iimpawu jikelele, ubume yeentlanzi esisodwa

neentlanzi ray-finned lilungu kwiklasi ebanzi kakhulu, nto leyo ibandakanya phantse-95% yabo bonke abemi kwaziwe lwemilambo, amachibi, iilwandle kunye neelwandle. Yandisa le iklasi kumanzi yonke Umhlaba kwaye lisebe eyahlukileyo nakwiintlanzi nokudleka superclass.

neentlanzi Ray-finned (actinopterygii) got igama layo lesiGrike kunye neelwimi Latin. It iquka iinxalenye ezimbini - ". Pen" "umqadi" yaye Eli gama edibene isakhiwo amaphiko.

kwemvelo

Ekubeni zonke iintlobo zeentlanzi zaselwandle kunye namanye amanzi labapostile, yonke kokukhangela zakudala kulo mmandla umdla izazinzulu. Ekubeni kwafunyaniswa ukuba Iminyaka amathambo endala eziphili iintlanzi ray-finned phezu 420 million.. Ngokutsho isakhiwo sizimisele ukuba utshaba yelo paleoniskoobraznyh odolo. Izinto ezifanayo kuyo ummandla Russia, Estonia naseSweden.

Ezafunyanwa zibaluleke zilandelayo ngaphantsi kweminyaka ngaphezulu kwezigidi. 200 Years. Ngabo abo amathambo lweentlanzi zokuqala ingamathambo, ebe okhokho isigidi iintlobo, kamva ngokuba ray-finned iintlanzi. Ukuvela kukho inani elikhulu iintlobo yokwahluka wachaza into yokuba kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba ahlukeneyo radiation elanga ebudeni nasekusungulweni yeentlanzi. Kwakukho amaqela ezinxulumene ukuba kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukuziqhelanisa nolu tshintsho ngcembe kweli hlabathi ezingqongileyo.

yokwahlukanisa primary

Iklasi yonke "intlanzi ray-finned" yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini eziphawulekayo:

• fish ganoid;
• fish novoperye.

iintlanzi Ganoid abandakanya amaqela 2 mihla kunye 12 ngeefosili. Novoperye ntlanzi ilungu kwiqela omncinane, iintlobo ezininzi ezininzi apho - nakwiintlanzi nokudleka.

Nangona ukuba abameli eklasini, zahluke kakhulu ngembonakalo kunye nesakhiwo.

Ray-finned iintlanzi. iimpawu ngokubanzi iqela ganoid fish

Iqela lokuqala, ganoid iintlanzi ray-finned, iqulathe iiyunithi ezine kuphela. Eyona nesinabantu abaninzi kubo - sturgeon. Ubume bale bale umyalelo kunokuba likumgangatho ophantsi, baye phantse wonke umzimba ubunjwe intlala, apho akukho omqolo ngamnye. Body zimiswe ngokwemigca 5 diamond-ezimile imbasa ithambo.

Chondrostei kwahluka cartilaginous intlanzi ezimile amathambo ukhakhayi, amavili kumculo kunye nobukho lwesinye qubha. Ngu sturgeon chondrostei ezinye nakwiintlanzi ezixabisekileyo yorhwebo ray-finned, abameli - Intlanzi, Intlanzi, ukutya kunye nabanye.

Ubume iqela yeentlanzi esisodwa

Iqela lesibini eziphambili kakhulu. umzimba fish bony igutyungelwe zingcakacile, isiwe sinamathambo, nto leyo eyaziwa ngokuba esikalini. isikali amalungiselelo ngokusekelwe iishingles. Bona amakhonkco ukukhula distinguishable, nto leyo ukufumanisa ubudala ngamnye.

ingubo yokwaleka Amathambo iqulathe omqolo ngamnye ossified, idityaniswe nemisipha evumela ukuba Wayitsala umzimba iintlanzi. kwilungu ngalinye lomqolo ngaphezu inxalenye zezindlu une arc ngenkqubo spinous. Ukuqeshwa nakwiingqameko aphezulu amalungu omqolo - kwendalo ijelo ukukhusela umnqonqo. Phantsi iinkqubo ezinqamlezayo ngayo amalungu omqolo esilithundezela, apho nilithambo ubambo apha.

Ray-finned iintlanzi ingamathambo eqela yokakayi ibunjwe-kakuhle, eziquka inani elikhulu ngamathambo. Ubuchopho nezikhuseli ibhokisi amathambo. Kunye amathambo ukhakhayi lomqolo leyo fixedly kuhambisana.

inkqubo Musculoskeletal akhiwa skeleton kunye nezihlunu, leyo ukuqhuba amaphiko opercula, umhlathi. Ray-finned iintlanzi ethutha mmandla caudal kunye ephikweni enkulu. Uzinzo kunye linearity ngexesha lokuqhuba inika amaphiko unpaired. A amaphiko nesithandwa agcine ngendlela ethile echanekileyo emanzini, nikhonze njengoko zemithi yokujika ujikelezo.

ngeentlobo

iintlobo yamanzi emvula ray-finned kunye ezininzi iintlanzi zolwandle, ezidityanisiweyo eklasini mnye, abe nobukhulu obahlukeneyo imbonakalo. Umahluko ubungakanani ezisukela-8 mm ukuya m-11. Abameli ngamnye ongakanani ukuya ku 2235 kg, kuba intlanzi-moon, nto leyo mntu nimbhaqe 1908 kummandla eSydney.

Ngu neentlanzi ray-finned zonke iintlobo herring, eziliqela Salmoniformes intlanzi, amanzi kunye ulwandle eels, zeCARP intlanzi, catfish, cod, stickleback, mullet nazo zonke iintlobo zakhele kunye flounder.

uhlobo exotic

Unako ukwenza uluhlu olude abemi umdla exotic enzonzobila yolwandle kunye nekhaya akwariyam yelo eklasini. Ecwebezelayo kakhulu zezi:

• iintlanzi murdzhan, namehlo amakhulu loo Ngokungafaniyo inombala obupinkirha lwezi zinto scales;
• angel fish, Uyabahombisa ulwandle imivumbo eqaqambileyo kunye fishnet olunombala kukubola;
• bass elwandle, intlanganiso leyo kunokuba yingozi, kuba into yityhefu kwi amaphiko;
• seahorse, onako ukuhombisa naziphi akwariyam;
• labeotropheus iintlanzi lwamaJuda amaqanda emlonyeni;
• scalar, shot udumo akwariyam nje kuphela inkangeleko cute, kodwa ngokuzinikela kwakhe sibini.

Kwabonakala Iintlobo ngeentlobo amalungu ale klasi ngenxa yeenkqubo mvelo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi iintlanzi ezifumaneka imilambo, iilwandle kunye neelwandle iplanethi yethu, kodwa kunokuba-95% yazo zonke iintlobo ezikhoyo, libhekisela ray-finned. Kakade ke, chaza onke amalungu ethu. Kakhulu baninzi kubo; kodwa umdla ngakumbi ukufunda lesi sigaba iinkcukacha ngakumbi nangakumbi ngalo. Akwaziwa nokuba bonke abemi kweelwandle neelwandlekazi bayazazi eluntwini, mhlawumbi silindele ukuba izinto ezintsha kunye ukushukumisa.