France, Toulouse: inkcazelo, ababuki kunye nohlaziyo

Xa kumazantsi eFransi i olukhula ngokukhawuleza iziko yenkcubeko, ezobunzululwazi kunye mveliso mihla eli lizwe - isixeko Toulouse.

Inkcazelo emzini

labantu Toulouse (kuquka namadlelo) yi 425 amawaka abantu. Esi salathisi ubonisa isixeko kwindawo yesine elizweni emva Paris, Lyon kunye Marseille. Toulouse (France), ibekwe phezu kweenxweme Garonne River. Ukususela uLwandle lweMeditera eyahlula 150 km, kwaye ukusuka Atlantic Ocean - kweekhilomitha ezingama-250.

Kule ndawo, ngaphandle ulwimi isiFrentshi, Occitan dialect eqhelekileyo. amagama ezitalato abhalwe ngeelwimi ezimbini. Abakhenkethi ezivela ehlabathini lonke ibisoloko itsale France. Toulouse mqondo akukho ngaphandle. Amawaka abahambi kufika unyaka ngamnye kulo mzi ukubona izinto zasekuhlaleni.

Kwihlabathi kule dolophu ngokuba 'sisixeko pink ", kwaye bonke ngenxa yebala ngezitena, wakha ukusuka apho phantse zonke izakhiwo zawo. Toulouse (France) kukho inani lamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo - kwiiyunivesithi amathathu karhulumente, Polytechnic Institute, Higher School of Arts Fine. Namhlanje, kukho afundileyo abafundi ngaphezu 110.000.

Kulo mzi French ukusebenza ngempumelelo iinkampani ngenqwelomoya (Airbus and "esandi"), iphuhlisa kwemichiza, elektroniki kunye noshishino information technology. Ekupheleni koo-Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela Toulouse wabonakala yangaphantsi. Ukongeza, abemi bayazingca kwibala kamasipala, apho yi ariya engundoqo ye lebhola umzi.

Toulouse (France): iindawo ezinika umdla

Esi sixeko ibamba ezikhumbuzo ezininzi imbali, inkcubeko kunye bokwakha. Bonke bephela umdla omkhulu kwabatyeleli, yaye ndimele ndithi, akulambathanga. Nabanye babo siya kwazisa kweli nqaku.

Church of Saint-Sernin

Kukho iicawa ezininzi yakudala, leyo uyazingca France. Toulouse uye wayilondoloza enye yeetempile zindala umzi, leyo ephethwe yi-Abbey of St. Saturninus. Kwindlu yonqulo yamiselwa imbeko saint, ababehlala apha ngenkulungwane yesithathu. Yaba ubishophu yokuqala mzi. A saint laye lamiselwa emva kokuba wala ukuba nenxaxheba imibingelelo, yaye ngenxa yoko ufumene ezoyikekayo ukholo. Waye ebotshelelwe yenkomo, leyo ngemoto ezitratweni zomzi. Bishop wangcwatyelwa amalungu oluntu lamaKristu iindonga Toulouse. Kamva, xa ingcwaba lakhe kwakhiwa indlwana encinane. Kufutshane engcwabeni kwetempile yokuqala ukuvela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane V.

Ukwakhiwa kwindlu yonqulo sahlala kulo XI-XII iinkulungwane. igumbi abalambele yayakhelwe ecaleni kwaso - uhlobo lwe yabahambi. Ukulungiselela le njongo, le isitena pink, nangenxa kugqityiwe isakhiwo esisetyenziselwa ilitye elimhlophe.

Indlela eyinhloko kwindlu yonqulo - romance, kodwa langaphakathi uyakwazi ukubona izinto sobuciko kunye Gothic. Ngowe-1096, uPopu Urban II wawungcwalisa ibandla, nangona sidle. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XII yaqala ukubonakala nezinye izakhiwo Abbey, yaye umsebenzi iphiko ngasentshonalanga samiswa.

Kwinkulungwane XIII ngendlela yetempile kwavela izinto Gothic, yaye emva kokubuyiselwa wenziwe kwinkulungwane XIX, yaba yeyimbi isakhiwo ukuze ngenkohlakalo, ukuba kwinkulungwane elandelayo kwafuneka ukuyilandelela inkangeleko yaso yesiqhelo.

Phakathi mpawu ziphambili zale tempile ziquka litye eqingqiweyo umhombiso nezinyuko kobuhle esemazantsi. izigcawu ilitye oqingqiweyo, emele imifanekiso yebhayibhile, ihonjiswe amasango Port Mezhevill. Kwinxalenye esemantla yecawa walondoloza imizobo ezikhethekileyo enokuthanani kwinkulungwane XII. Baya ngokungummangaliso wasinda phantsi ukutyabeka ngexesha ukubuyiselwa ongaphumelelanga, babathwalela ngaphandle kwinkulungwane XIX.

yecawa zisiya intsimbi tower liphuma kweemitha ngaphezulu kwama-110, le carillon, nto leyo nigcobe 18 neentsimbi.

iholo yedolophu

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, isakhiwo sezolawulo isixeko kulo mzi musa ukubiza ofisi kasodolophu, hayi kwiholo yedolophu kunye Capitol. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XII kule ndawo lwakwakhiwa ibhotwe apho wahlala amalungu umantyi umzi - isahluko, ngoko, isakhiwo yaba eyaziwa ngokuba Capitol.

Esi sakhiwo omkhulu ukwakweli yembutho ephambili yesixeko, ekuthiwa Indawo du Capitole. Esi sakhiwo ngohlobo olulo ngoku yakhiwa kwinkulungwane XVIII ukusuka yemveli ukuya umbala izitena isixeko pink.

Ngomhla olungaphambili wesakhiwo (kunye ubude eemitha 135) ibekwe imiqolo esibhozo - ziyangqinelana inani kweZahluko ezidolophini. imifuziselo abo ofakiweyo ku balcony zokwakha zokubiya. Ukwakhiwa eyayikhokelwa Giyom Kamm, kwaye kwinkulungwane elandelayo umsebenzi wakhe waqhubeka nomsebenzi Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, ngubani wayibuyisela yatshatyalaliswa phantse ngokupheleleyo kwisakhiwo ngomlilo, eya kuthi yongezwe nge inqaba-ekuvalelweni, Uyinqaba ende intsimbi.

France, Toulouse Dominican Church

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIII Dominic Guzman waseka umyalelo emishini. ibandla lakhe lokuqala kwakhiwa e Toulouse.

Namhlanje ayisebenzi itempile, kodwa kwatsala ingqalelo abahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo ngezakhiwo engaqhelekanga. It zinginginya iikonsathi kunye neziganeko zenkcubeko. Kuba amarhamente amaninzi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba yokungcwaba St. Foma Akvinsky - yenkolo ephakathi kunye indela Dominican.

Ukongezelela ibandla, xa entsokothileyo woonongendi wasinda cloister eziliqela kunye nezakhiwo. Wahlala ise kwiziko embalini yase Toulouse, kufutshane kakhulu Capitol.

Ngu kobuchule bobugcisa ibandla ziquka i "Jacobin komthi wesundu" - iikholam nobumbejembeje, ukuphakama amakhulu iimitha-20; Baya diverge wobomi ukusuka iimbambo emashumi mabini anambini, nto leyo ibe isakhiwo nophahla. Kwivaranda icawa kuqwalaselwa omnye enyangweni, ngelixa ukuphakama abane-tiered libe intsimbi inqaba laliziimitha amane anesihlanu kuphela.

Embindini ibandla, umzekelo, kwigumbi of St Antonin, ungabona i imizobo, kunye window-wavuka ukubona iglasi nebala umsebenzi unique mihla - yayiyilwe phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Igumbi kakhulu banzi webandla unako ozakuthathwa refectory, esetyenziswa igumbi lomboniso umboniso namhlanje.

"Space Town"

Kuba abakhenkethi abaninzi namhlanje, France nto intle kakhulu. Iindawo zasedolophini (Toulouse aman- ezinika ngaphandle kwesixeko) ngaphaya komda wempuma isihloko ipaki edumileyo, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "Space Town". Kuye kwavulwa 1997. Kwi ipaki uyakwazi ukuthatha uhambo imodeli ngokupheleleyo i "esandi 5" rocket, ukuphakama - 55 eemitha, isikhululo isithuba 'Mir "imodyuli" Union ". bonisa iinkqubo umdla ziyabanjwa mihla le iziko epakini. Apha uyakwazi kutyelela imiboniso ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi abanomdla lo mshini egumbini, apho unga zama ukulawula kwisiphekepheke.

Museum Paul Dupuy

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, kukho inani elikhulu ezikhumbuzo yenkcubeko uye France. Toulouse kufuneka ukunika iindwendwe zayo utyelelo kulo myuziyam. Luthwala igama umseki wayo - zinkcukacha kunye umxhasi Paul Dupuis. Ngokuba museum yakhe, bathenga indlu Besson, owafuza umtshutshisi yesixeko. iziko Cultural ziindwendwe yayo yokuqala ngo-1905.

Ukucaciswa Museum - ingqokelela enkulu imisebenzi yobugcisa isicelo, ingqokelela yemizobo kunye nezinye izinto zobuciko. Omdala, ngasendleleni, wadalwa kumaXesha Aphakathi, yaye inkoliso "abaselula" Akukho akhawunti yokuqala ekufunyanweni kolunye iminyaka elikhulu elinamanci. Ukuqokelelwa imiboniso sizaliswa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

Lidla inxalenye enkulu myuziyam unikezelwa yezandla kunye nembali Languedoc. Apha ungabona obuyiselwe kwikhemesti kumaxesha ngaphakathi, ebeyinalo i bamaKatolika (ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVII), izinto zodongwe, ifenitshala, iimpahla yesizwe. Ukuqokelelwa ibandakanya imisebenzi yobugcisa owadalwa intsimbi, neglasi iingcibi zasekuhlaleni.

Singasathethi ingqokelela ezohlukileyo iiwotshi, nto leyo eye amalungiselelo ngaphezulu kwama-130, nezacholo yayithengwe China.

Okuvelayo uhambo

Namhlanje, abantu abaninzi babantu bakuthi Toulouse eziqhelekileyo (France). Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo, nto leyo kwakhona abahambi ngasekhohlo, wenze andinakuyilibala. Ngokutsho abahambi, yinto emangalisayo isixeko pink, apho kukho into ukuze ubone. Abakhenkethi abaninzi efana uloliwe excursion, leyo ohambisa iindwendwe kwiindawo ekhumbulekayo. Ngethuba lokuqhuba kwale hambo - kwimizuzu engama-35, iindleko - 5 Euro. A uloliwe yenza izingxi, kwaye ungaya na indawo oyithandayo uze uqhubeke zihlole.

Abaninzi balatha ukuba phambi kokuba uhambo wayengazi ukuba Toulouse idume ntyatyambo balo isiqhumiso iintyatyambo. Ukongeza, unako ukuthenga jam, nkqu utshwala ozuba. qho ngonyaka ngoFebruwari, ithatha indawo apha Festival of ntyatyambo. Ingxelo evela abakhenkethi, u ta va a stunner.