"Golden Parachute" - yintoni na? Ubani ubukhulu obukhulu be "parachute yegolide"?

"Golden Parachute" - yintoni na? Intsha entsha yokuthelekisa yaseRussia ibonisa ukuhlawulwa kwembuyekezo ebalulekileyo yemali kumphathi ophezulu xa kwenzeka ukuxoshwa kwinkampani ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphaya kokulawula kwakhe. Njengamanje, iinkokeli ezimbalwa zekhaya ziqhayisa izakhono zokuhlukana nokubhala kwabasebenzi. Okwangoku iinkampani ezimbalwa zisebenzisa le ndlela, zicinga ukuba zingekho phantsi kweengqondo zethu.

Ukugxothwa kwe "phezulu"

"Golden Parachute" - yintoni na? Njengoko isichazamazwi semali "Finam" ithetha, le yimbuyekezo, ehambelana nolawulo oluphezulu lwenkampani yokubambisana ngexesha lokuhlanganisana kwayo. Ukongeza, abanikazi be-AO bangasebenzisa isinxephezelo sempahla eso sicwangciso sokuthintela ukuthatha inkohlakalo. Ngelo xesha, amaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni alawula ukusebenza kweenkampani ezibambisene nazo zichitshiyelwa, ngokubhekiselele kuloo lawulo lufumana umvuzo oqinileyo, iintlawulo ezinkulu zokunqanda, njl. Xa kuxoshwa kwinqanaba lomnikazi omtsha.

Ngokucacileyo, "iparachute yegolide" xa ichithwe yintsebenziswano ephethwe ngumphathi ophezulu wenkampani, olungiselela ukuhlawulwa kwemali enkulu phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngethuba elifanayo, isinxephezelo singakhokhelwa kwisiseko-mali okanye ngenyanga ngeendlela zemvuzo nangemva kokupheliswa kobudlelwane bezengqesho. Enye indlela - ukubonelelwa kwezibonelelo ezithile ezifana neepakheji zesabelo okanye iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi.

Le ngxaki ivela nje eRussia. Kwiminyaka emihlanu okanye eyisixhenxe edlulileyo akuzange kubhekiswe nayiphi na intlawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, phambi kokuhlawulwa kwebhonasi, umqeshi ubeka imeko, umzekelo, ukuba ungadlulisele kwinkonzo kwiinkampani ezikhuphisanayo ngexesha elichaziweyo.

Yintoni na?

Umlinganiselo wempindiselo kumbuzo uqaliswe ngokuyinhloko ukubuyisela ukunganeliseki komphathi ophezulu osusiweyo. Ukongezelela, kukholelwa ukuba ngaphezu kweentlawulo ezikhuthazayo ezinokuthi zikhusele ubuqhetseba ngaphakathi kwenkampani, njengomzekelo wokuhoxiswa kweempahla. Elinye iphuzu elibalulekileyo: "iparachute" ibangela imiphumo emibi kwiqela elixhamla umbutho wezomthetho, kunye nokunciphisa ukubetha kwabasebenzi abaxoshiwe.

Kwamazwe aseNtshona, umgaqo wokubandakanya into ekuhlawulelweni xa kwenzeka ukupheliswa kobudlelwane bezakhono ngokuqhelekileyo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba abaqeshi baseMelika nabaseYurophu abanikezeli kuphela abaphathi abaphezulu beenkampani kunye nenzuzo yokuphuma , kodwa nabasebenzi basezingeni eliphakathi.

Ukwahlula

Ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho womqeshwa kunye nobukhulu beentlawulo, kukho "igolide", "isilivere" kunye ne "tinny" "parachuts". Amaxesha angaphambili ahloselwe abaphathi, okugqibela kubaphathi abaphakathi, kunye neyesithathu kwiingcali ezikhokelayo kunye nolawulo oluphezulu.

Ubungakanani be "parachute yegolide" yomphathi ophezulu unokudlula yonke imida ebonakalayo. Nantsi into ixhomekeke kulawulo lwenkampani kunye nenkundla yomsebenzi. Ngaloo ndlela, ezinkulu "iiparachuthi" "zidalulwe" kubaxhasi kunye nababhanki. Ngokomzekelo, e-USA (kwakukho apho loo nto yazalwa) kwi-2008 eyaziwayo, iibhanki ezingabonakaliyo zotyalo-mali zahluleka ukushiya iimbopheleleko ezisisiseko, ngoko ke iibhanki zahlawulwa abaphathi abaphezulu beebhiliyoni zeedola.

Ukulahleka okukhulu kweebhanki kwabangela ukuba i-US Congress ivote ngesigqibo malunga nokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo yembuyekezo kunye nokuhlaziywa ngokugcwele kwemivuzo yabaphathi abaphezulu.

Yaye thina njani?

ERashiya, i-"parachute" yenziwa kwimiqathango yezoqoqosho engazinzanga. Ngomhla ka-Agasti 2009 izilungiso zomthetho "KwiiNkampani Zobumbano Ezihlangeneyo" zaziswa nguMbutho weeNkonzo zeMatriki. Ngenxa yoko, imbuyekezo yafunyanwa kubalawuli abaqhelekileyo kunye namalungu ebhodi yabalawuli, apho ubudlelwane bobubambiswano nabo bubuyiselwa phambi kweshedyuli . Kucacile ukuba namhlanje kusekuseni kakhulu ukuthetha ngomthetho ofanelekileyo kule nkalo. Yingakho kusekho imiba enemiba engxaki apho imibutho ethatha isigqibo sokunika "iiparachuthi zegolide" kubaphathi abaphezulu kufuneka bajamelane nazo.

Ukuxhomekeka kwimithetho yaseRashiya, siyaqaphela ukuba okwangoku i-"parachute yegolide" yimeko yokuhlawulelwa kwempahla xa kuthe gqitywa ulwalamano lwengqesho, olumiselwe kwisivumelwano somqeshi okanye senziwa ngokusemthethweni ngesinye isivumelwano esongezelelweyo phakathi komqeshwa kunye nomqeshi. Kule meko, imbuyekezo iyahlawulwa kwezi zilandelayo:

- ukuxothwa ngesivumelwano samashishini asayine isivumelwano sengqesho (Isiqendu 78 se-LC RF);

- ukuxothwa ngenxa yokunciphisa abasebenzi (Isiqendu 81, umhlathi 2 we-LC RF);

- ukuchithwa kweenkampani (Isiqendu 81, into 1);

- ukugxothwa komqeshwa ngokuzikhethela kwakhe (Isiqendu 80);

- utshintsho lomnikazi wenkampani (ikwasebenza nakwi-akhawunti yomphathi-intloko, inhloko kunye nabantu abayifake esikhundleni sakhe, iCandelo 81, umhlathi 4).

Enyanisweni, ukubhaliswa okusemthethweni kwento ebizwa ngokuba yimbuyekezo eRashiya ayiqhelekanga. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxothwa kwabasebenzi bamazwe angaphandle okanye iingcali zasekhaya zeklasi eliphezulu kunye namava omsebenzi phesheya. Ngexesha elifanayo, ingxaki efanelekileyo yesiRashiya kukuba kunzima ukubonelela ngembuyekezo ngokuphathelele ukubalwa kwemvuzo phantsi kweemeko ezibizwa ngegrey.

Yintoni ebaluleke ngakumbi, imali okanye ukubonga?

Ngokuqhelekileyo umntu unokugcina le meko: ulawulo lwenkampani lugqiba ukuba alufunanga iinkonzo zomphathi othile ophezulu, ekubeni ulawulo olulawulwa yilo luya kuvalwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu angayifumana imali, kodwa isimo sengqondo somhlonela umqeshi, kuba uzijonga njengomfundi onolwazi kunye nolwazi. Iinkampani ezininzi zaseRashiya zajamelana nale ngxaki ngexesha leengxaki ze-2008. Ngokukodwa ngelo xesha, abantu abachaphazelekayo kwintengiso kunye ne-inshurensi ehluphekileyo.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kokuxothwa?

"Golden Parachute" - yintoni na? Isilinganiso sembuyekezo esicatshungulwayo sivumela ukugcina isimo sengqondo somntu owayengumqeshwa ngaphambili, nangona sizathu sokuphazamiseka kwesivumelwano somsebenzi. Kule meko, iingcali zengcali zenza uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo lwezizathu zokunganeliseki komntu osusiweyo. Le nxaxheba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi kwi-brand-HR yanoma yiphi inhlangano ehloniphayo. Yingakho ngamnye ngomsebenzi ohambayo udliwano-ndlebe olugqityiweyo luqhutyelwa, ngokubhekiselele kwiziphumo apho isimo sakhe sengqondo kwiimeko zokusebenza ezikhoyo, umvuzo, oogxa, umqeshi utyhilwa.

"Parachute"

Ziziphi izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba umvuzo wezinto ezibonakalayo awuzange usasazeke kwiRashiya? Kukho iimpendulo eziliqela kulo mbuzo. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukuba ininzi yeenkampani zasekhaya ziphantsi kolawulo lwabanikazi, kwaye "iparachute yegolide" inciphisa ukuxhomekeka komphathi ophezulu kumnini-shishini. Ukunika ityala lakho kwizandla zenkokheli eqeshiweyo kwaye wenze ukuba zimele kwaye zingenakusiza ngemali, kwaye ingqondweni yakho ingaphumeleli.

Ukongezelela, kukho uluvo lokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe "parachutes zegolide" ngexesha lokuthatha imali kubangela ukukhukuliseka kwexabiso lezabelo zeenkampani ngokubhekiselele kwipesenti ezilishumi elinesibini, kuba abasebenzi abaxhasiweyo abaxhaswe ngemali abanesibindi sokulahlekelwa yindawo yabo, edla ngokuquka ukuhla kwemiveliso yabo.

Isizathu sesithathu: xa ukongeza iintlawulo eziphathekayo kwiintlawulo zempahla ephezulu, abanikazi kunye nabanini-nxaxheba banyusela ingozi yokuba "i-parachute" engabonakaliyo ukuba abanalo indlela ecacileyo yokulawula nokulawula abasebenzi abaqashiweyo.

"Golden Parachute" - yintoni na? Ukuba amaqela adlala ngokufanelekileyo, kuba ngumtsalane wokuphucula ukusebenza komsebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, umnini uzimisele ukutyhila inkampani ngokuthengiswa, kodwa akaqinisekanga malunga nokusebenza komthengi. Ukuze ahlaziywe, ufumana iqela labaqeqeshi, elowo uthembisa ukuhlawula umvuzo njengemqinisekiso yengeniso.

Le ndlela isebenza apho abantu bengaphumeleli ubuso kwaye ungazami ukusebenzisana.

Amanani amaninzi

Iyona "enkulu yeparachute yegolide" "ibonakaliswe" ngoRichard Fulda - owayengumphathi we-CEO webhanki yaseMelika iLehman Brothers. Emva kokuxothwa, waba ngumcebisi ngeebhiliyoni ezingamakhulu amathathu. Umphathi omkhulu wasekhaya "obiza imali" - u-Vladimir Strzhalkovsky-CEO wangaphambili wenkampani "uNorilsk Nickel". Isikhwama sakhe sazaliswa yizigidi ezigidi zeedola. Indawo yesibini yathathwa ngumongameli wangaphambili wase-Uralkali Denis Morozov. Wahlawulwa malunga neerandi ezigidi ezisixhenxe. Kwinqanaba lesithathu, u-Alexander Provotorov ukhona. Umlawuli wangaphambili waseRostelecom wathola iibhukhsi ezingamaRashiya ezigidi ezimbini njengembuyekezo.

Ukuphendula komongameli. Umthetho "Kwi" parachutes zegolide "

Iingxabano malunga nembuyekezo yempahla, eyayi-A. Provotorov yamkela, ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Ngokuchasene neziganeko ezixhomekeke kule ngongoma, amaninzi amaninzi athi ukunciphisa iiparachuthi "zegolide" kuyimilinganiselo efanelekileyo kwiimeko zezoqoqosho zangoku. Eli phulo lavunywa nguVladimir Putin. Ngenxa yoko, ngoMeyi 2013 umthetho oqulunqwayo wenziwa kwi-Duma kaRhulumente ngokunciphisa iintlawulo kubaphathi abaphezulu xa bexothwa. Ngo-Matshi 2014, yavunywa yiBhunga leNkampani. Ngoku, "iiparachubhu zegolide" zamagosa akakwazi ukuba ngaphezu kwemivuzo emithathu. Ukongeza, i-Code Code yabaSebenzi isongezwe ngento echaza ukuba iintlawulo zembuyekezo ayinakufunyanwa ngabantu abagxothwayo ngenxa yezohlwayo zoluleko okanye ngenxa yezenzo zetyala.

Kubalulekile

Iimiselo zomthetho omtsha kunye nezilungiso kwi-TC ziyasebenza kubaphathi, abaphathi babo kunye nabagcini-zimali abaziintloko beenkampani zenkampani kunye namashishini, ii-SUEs kunye nee-MUPs, kunye neefisi ezithatha inxaxheba kamasipala okanye urhulumente.