Hematoma Intracranial: oonobangela, uxilongo, unyango kunye neziphumo

Headache - yenye mpawu zixhaphakileyo kubemi abadala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, yenzeka ebantwaneni. Headache kunokuba kunxulumene zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwakunye notshintsho kweemeko zemozulu, womoya, uxinezeleko, njalo njalo. D. unobangela woku uphawu yiyo nayiphi zinetyhefu (izifo ukudumba, ubuthi, ulosuleleko), iingxaki zezivamvo, kwentlungu, migraine. Abantu badla musa sinikele ingqalelo kuyo intloko, siqhelane kuyo kwaye kucingwa ukuba akukho yingozi. Oku akuyonyani. Kwezinye iimeko, le uphawu kuyingozi kakhulu. Sinokubonisa, umzekelo, ezifana ngezifo hematoma intracranial. Amaxesha amaninzi inxulunyaniswa kuyimbonakalo ukwenzakala entloko. Kodwa kukho ezinye izizathu kuphuhliso yayo.

Yintoni hematoma intracranial?

kuvela Iimpawu xa hematoma intracranial, zaphuhliswa ngenxa ucinezelo ebuchotsheni ngegazi. Akukho unyango kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindlela luvo. Umngcipheko sifo kukuba iimpawu zesifo kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe.

Ngoko ke, yintoni na hematoma ngaphakathi, yaba lukakayi? Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo ukuze kube opha iimpahla entloko. Isiphumo ebizwa ngokuba ukutyumka le meninges - hematoma. Ngokungafaniyo ukopha kwizihlunu ezithambileyo kunye ulusu, loo iyachithakala ngokucotha kakhulu. kuphela hematoma encinane kungaphela ngokwabo. Xa aphakathi hemorrhages ezinkulu kufuneka uqhaqho.

Izinto ezibangela Hematoma

Kufuneka wazi ukuba hematoma kwi kweqokobhe okanye umbandela ingqondo kuvela njengesiphumo lwezifo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokwenzakala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kukhokelela kuphuhliso yagqampa yaya legazi kwi iindawo nzima (imigangatho, amadonga, ice), iingozi zeemoto. Ebudaleni ikwandim, umngcipheko hematomas intracranial ezibuhlungu anda kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yobuthathaka iindonga isitya, ibekwe ebuchotsheni kunye iinwebu zayo.

Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, hematoma intracranial kwasekwa yokungabikho sesichengeni esibuhlungu. Oku kungenxa komsipha le kwemithambo yegazi. sifo kungaba iziphene (malformation) okanye lufundiwe. An kwemithambo ukhandwa kungekho unyango wegazi.

Omnye ezibangela hematoma intracranial ukufukuka yobuchopho okanye iinwebu zayo. Ukuze abangele yokopha njengoko nangezilonda nabungozi, kunye neenkqubo ngumhlaza.

Uphuhliso Hematoma nayo inegalelo amanxeba Cerebral nemithambo atherosclerotic, kwizifo ezosulelayo kokubetha okanye kobuchopho, ukuphazamiseka angioneurotic. Umngcipheko ukopha yaligqiba uphuhliso abadala, abatshayayo, abantu lwegazi kunye nokutyeba.

Imihlobo hematomas intracranial

Ngokuxhomekeka bubungakanani, kukhutshwe hematoma amancinci, aphakathi kunye enkulu. Njengoko hemorrhages intracranial zihlelwe ngokwezi nokuphuma zalapha.

volume hematoma ezincinane ngaphantsi ml-50. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusombulula ngokwabo. Ukuba isixa ukopha kakhulu ukusuka ml-50 ukuya ku-100, ngoko ke kuthiwa hematoma eziziisekondari. Zifuna unyango ngotyando. Hematoma volume leyo efikelela ml ngaphezulu kwama-150, kungakhokelela ekubeni ekufeni.

Ikhosi kwezonyango ukwahlukanisa iindlela 3 hemorrhages. Iimpawu ze hematoma etsolo intracranial elibhaqiweyo kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-3 ukususela kwixesha nokubunjwa kwayo. Bona ingqalelo kakhulu yingozi. Subacute hematoma kwabonakala kwisithuba seeveki-3. Ngoko ukonakala kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe. yokopha ezondeleyo waziva emva kweeveki ezi-3 ukusuka kumhla nokudaleka.

Kwasendaweni ezi ntlobo zilandelayo ezimbi:

1. hematoma ebulewe intracranial. Oku lamiswa xa yonakele Umthambo ibekwe phakathi kumphezulu olungaphandle Dura kunye ukakayi.
2. hematoma Subdural. Umthombo ukopha na imithambo ukuqhagamshela ubuncwane ingqondo kunye sinuses iqokobhe nzima. Amaninzi ke subacute.
3. hematoma Intracerebral. wopha okunjalo kuyingozi kakhulu. Yenzeka ngenxa ukumithisa mongo ingqondo. ukopha enjalo kunokubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka iiseli zemithambo-luvo.
4. hematoma Intracranial isiqu ebuchotsheni. Olu hlobo legazi obulalayo.
5. hematoma Diapedetic. Developed ngenxa permeability nokunyuka imithambo yegazi lobuchopho.

Kuxhomekeka lizwe kunye umthombo hematomas legazi lwezonyango inokuba nomahluko. Ngako oko, isicwangciso unyango ekhethiweyo.

Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango ngezifo

Ukuba bahlole ukuba hematoma intracranial kwakhiwa? Iimpawu sifo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo legazi. Ngoko ke, ukuba iimpawu hematoma ebulewe ziquka intloko ebuhlungu ngayo, unditsho, ukwazi kakuhle kunye ukozela. Xa befunda impendulo pupillary ukuya anisocoria ukukhanya sibonile. Kamva bajoyine ukushwabana kwamalungu. Iimpawu ze hematomas intracranial babhaqiwe iiyure okanye iintsuku emva umfutho kukwenzakala. Xa abantwana, iimpawu zikhule ngokukhawuleza.

hematoma Subdural luphawulwa umfanekiso clinical zilandelayo:

• kuyanda intloko ebuhlungu;
• nezisu kunye nokugabha, yivusa ndiphefumle;
• Iimpawu meningeal;
• maxa wambi uphawu ukuxhuzula.

Iimpawu Ukopha ebuchotsheni ezifanayo. Mu kuya kwa nshita iimpawu hematoma subdural, iintlungu lugubungela elinye icala intloko, kukho ilahleko lokuqonda. yokopha Intracerebral kukhokelela ukushwabana imilenze.

hematoma Diapedetic luphawulwa yintloko rhoqo. Chonga nzima zabo, njengoko ezincinane.

Uxilongo hematoma ngaphakathi, yaba lukakayi

hematoma traumatic intracranial kwafunyaniswa phambi kwabo bonke, ngenxa yokuba kwiimeko ezininzi abantu bafune unyango emva kokufumana umonakalo. Nzima ukubona legazi ngenxa kwisiqalo yesifo sentliziyo. Ngeendlela loxilongo ziquka:

1. Itomography ngekhompyutha yengqondo.
2. -X-reyi intamo.
3. intlokoma umfanekiso Magnetic.

Ngokuba intloko zahlula sifo asebenza neempahla yegazi Doppler ultrasound, EEG, echoencephalography.

Iindlela sokuphatha izifo

Unyango hematomas intracranial zabanjwa iindlela emithethweni futhi operative. Xa kungekho iingxaki, kwaye ubukhulu amancinane ugqirha legazi ukubukela nje imeko yomguli. Isigulana kule meko kufuneka sibe esibhedlele kunye alale. Ukuba hematoma ayiyisombululi ngokwabo, amisele amayeza ukunciphisa uxinzelelo intracranial. Kwakhona, ukuba unyango nomqondiso. Ukumisela iziyobisi "i" "Furosemide", "Ketonal".

utyando ukuqhuba

Kwiimeko ezininzi enemifanekiso ukususwa zoqhaqho hematomas intracranial. Kungenxa ukufudusa egazini. Ukulungiselela le njongo, yenze ezi ndidi zilandelayo kotyando:

1. trepanation Osteoplastic. Le mveliso iphawulwa umngxuma omncinane yaba lukakayi, nokususa igazi egazi izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye isixhobo cleaner.
2. ungenelelo Stereotactic. Igazi evela kwisisu cranial usebenzisa cannula okhethekileyo.
3. Zokuhlatywa-ekususeni hematoma Eskom. Ihlala kuqulunqo a catheter obhityileyo.

Le ndlela ukhetha utyando neurosurgeon, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani legazi, comorbidities, kunye nobudala nomonde.

hematoma Intracranial: iziphumo zesi sifo

Imiphumo haematomas zizinto zonyango ezifana uxhuzula post-traumatic, kunesifo, intloko ebuhlungu, yaye ubuthathaka jikelele. Ezi mpawu kunokwenzeka phakathi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke, kwimo kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezintandathu. Ukuba ixesha na ukwenza utyando, hematoma kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni, ukudumba kwengqondo kunye nokufa.