Izivumelwano zomzila

Izivumelwano zomzila zenzelwe ukuqokelela topologies data zokuqhagamshelwa. Ekhaya umzila ingxaki, okanye, ngamanye amazwi, ukuba kukhethwe indlela ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo isonjululwe ngokuhlalutya iitafile ezithile ukuthi ibekwe kuzo zonke iindawo womnatha eziphelayo imizila.

Ukuze kwakhiwe ngokuzenzekelayo tafile kuyimfuneko, imizila ziyahluka kwezinye inkcazelo nganye ezithile ngoncedo protocols nkonzo ilungiselelwe ngokukodwa, yaye kuthiwa "iprotocol yomgudu". Ezi ziquka NLSP protocol, RIP, OSPF, ekufuneka ahluka ukusuka network, ezifana IP.

Ngoncedo nemithetho echaphazelekayo imizila ngcembe phezulu noqhakamshelwano ikhadi. Kakade ngokusekelwe kwezi data nganye womnatha ke isigqibo umzila ethile phambili iipakethi ukuba ithunyelwa womnatha indlela isiphumo yajika kuba kakhulu eyiyo. Iziphumo izigqibo ezithathwe ibhalwe kwetafile yomgudu. Xa yoqwalaselo womnatha litshintsha, ezinye amangenelo ngokuzenzekelayo iya kuba semthethweni. Ke iipakethi zithunyelwa kwiindlela bobuxoki, zingalahleka okanye ziyaxinga. Kwi indlela ezisemthethweni ezixhasiweyo mashrutizatsii zikhokelela okuqulathwe kwitheyibhile imeko ngqo womnatha kuchaphazela ngqo umgangatho womsebenzi ngokwawo.

Izivumelwano zomzila ezi ukuhlela eziliqela. Iiplastiki zombini-inyathelo elinye kunye multi-step, emile, onamandla, iklasi, Elingenalo. Ngaphezu koko, Izivumelwano ezinjalo kwangaphandle nangaphakathi. Kwi-inyathelo elinye ekukhetheni le ndlela isebenzayo ekuqaleni kumiselwa kuphela kufutshane umzila, kodwa aninjalo nonke ngokulandelelana kwabo. iindlela ezimile afakiwe yi umlawuli wenethiwekhi ngesandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba zisetyenziswa networks ezincinane ukuba babe isakhiwo elula ecacileyo. Plus, Kakade ke, lo lula setup, kungekho nayiphi na ilahleko ugqithiso neyentengiso inkcazelo yendlela kunye neemfuno zokusebenza eziphantsi. Kodwa ukuba kukho utshintsho yoqwalaselo womnatha, kufuneka uthsintshe itafile yomgudu kuzo zonke onke ngesandla. Noko ke, ukuthandwa ukwanda migaqo yomgudu olutshintshayo.

BGP yi - enye Izivumelwano yomgudu enkulu kwi-Internet. It yenzelwe lokutshintshiselana data kwiindlela phakathi kweenkqubo amakhulu azimeleyo, ngoko ukongeza iinkcukacha ezilubala, uthwala iindlela phezu kwiinkqubo stand-alone. , BGP ukhetha indlela engcono zisekelwe kwimigaqo ukuba yamkelwa kuthungelwano, kwaye awusebenzisi kumsebenzi walo metric zobugcisa. Kwakhona, lo protocol usebenzisa indlela summarization ukunciphisa itafile umzila. Okwangoku, uguqulelo yesine yokusebenza protocol.

OSPF naye ezithandwa protocol olutshintshayo. Oku kusekelwe iteknoloji enakekela imo yejelo, kwaye isebenzisa ngomsebenzi wayo algorithm Dijkstra kaThixo. zalo eziluncedo ziquka ngesantya esiphezulu ukuhlangabezana, ukusetyenziswa isebenzayo bandwidth kunye nenkxaso iimaski womnatha enobude bume.

RIP-protocol - omnye omdala, oko kukuthi, kunjalo, yande ngokwaneleyo unanamhla. Lusetyenziswa networks encinane isakhiwo esilula. Le protocol kulula ukuyisebenzisa uze ufake. Ubuchule Umgama kumda wesangqa zisekelwe umsebenzi wakhe. Xa usebenzisa RIP onke amangeniso kwiitheyibhile yomgudu iqulathe idilesi womnatha, okanye umkhosi kuyo.

Izivumelwano zomzila abasakwazi zahlukene, apho kukho inani elikhulu, yaye ngalinye omabini eziluncedo kunye namacala ezimbi.