Honoré de Balzac: biography kunye nomsebenzi emfutshane

Omnye wababhali kakhulu kwinkulungwane XIX - O. de Balzac. Biography of lo mbhali ayikho ngaphantsi lamaqhawe ngokukhawuleza adventure, wendalo. Kude kube ngoku, ihlabathi unomdla ebomini bakhe.

ebuntwaneni ekrakra

Umsunguli ngokoqobo wazalelwa May 20, 1799, kwisixeko Tours, nto leyo ibekwe embindini ka-France. kwafika umbhali kwintsapho elula kodwa entsha. Lo tata, igqwetha lasekuhlaleni, Bernar Fransua Balssa wathenga kwaye lithengiswe ilizwe Niwonakalisile izidwangube. wamngenisa kuye inzuzo Le shishini. Nantsi ke imbangi yokuba walitshintsha igama lakhe, waza wabonisa off nomini yakhe umbhali ethandwayo Jean-Louis Gez de Balzac, abangenanto iyinto ukuyenza.

Kamva wathola isimaphambili yeengcungcu "de". Bernard watshata intombazana, Anne-Charlotte Laura Salammbo, owayeneminyaka engama-30 junior yakhe. UMama Honoré avela kwiintsapho ahlukile. Eli bhinqa inkululeko-ngothando yaye akazange azifihle iinoveli bakhe. Ukususela amakhonkco ecaleni kwakukho umzalwana yombhali, obeyindoda othandwayo-Ana. Umongikazi wanika umbhali elizayo. Emva kokuba wahlala endlwini esinaleni.

Endlwini apho kwindawo yokuqala uzinikele zonke izinto ngaphandle usapho, inkwenkwe kwakungelula. ingqalelo Little ebuntwaneni wafumana Honoré de Balzac. Biography ngokufutshane ichazwe eminye yemisebenzi yakhe. Iingxaki ukuba nazo xa wayesemncinane, yaye kamva ndikho imisebenzi yakhe.

nommeli ayiphumelelanga

Kuyabonakala ukuba, le ngqondi ilifa izinto ezisisiseko ngabazali, kuba kwixesha elizayo bona awasiwisayo mlinganiswa. Ngesicelo uyise nonyana sikanina wathunyelwa kwikholeji Vendome, apho wayefunda umthetho. Iziko ezahlukeneyo uqeqesho ezimaxongo nkwenkwe yayiphazamisekile rhoqo. Kuba kundenzele igama elihle ngokuba yevila nesihange. Kukho umntwana wathola ihlabathi iincwadi. Xa ndandineminyaka eli-12 okokuqala wazama ngesandla sakhe abe ngumbhali. Ke phezu kwayo yonke imisebenzi yakhe intlekisa nabo.

Ngenxa yengcinezelo rhoqo kunye nokungabikho ingqalelo abagulayo umntwana. Abazali wamsa ekhaya. umntu ogulayo iminyaka eliqela. Oogqirha abaninzi unike isiqinisekiso sokuba lo mntwana uya kuphila. Kunjalo, wakwazi ukuba ukuphuma.

Lo mfana waya kufunda igqwetha ishishini eParis, apho abazali bakhe bafudukela. Xa izifundo zesikolo umthetho ngo-1816 - iminyaka 1819. Ngaxeshanye ukusebenza izivumelwano. Kodwa ngokwenene oko kwatsala ihlabathi iincwadi kuphela. Ukuze, yambetha, Balzac. Biography ngabe ezahlukeneyo, kodwa abazali baye bagqiba ukuxhasa uyithandayo nyana amnike ithuba.

uthando lokuqala

UTata wathembisa kwiminyaka emibini ukuxhasa Honoré. Ngeli xesha lo mfana kwafuneka ukungqina ukuba ingasebenza ngendlela ekhethiweyo. Ngeli xesha, italente elizayo esebenza ngokubonakalayo, kodwa akukho namnye imisebenzi yakhe azisuswanga nzulu. Intlekele lokuqala "Cromwell" ukuba ufekethe phantsi. Ngokubanzi, de 1823, wabhala imiqulu engama-20. Kamva, wabiza imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala yoncwadi mpazamo eqinileyo.

Ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha lo mfana basuka eParis ukuya kumaphondo, apho wafudusela intsapho. Apho wadibana Laura de Berny. sobufundisi ngokusondeleyo inkazana ngobomi bakhe. Honoré Balzac, lowo ufumene ubuncinane xinakulobye koomama, eyafunyanwa ezingalweni Mam (kweminyaka engama-20), ubushushu nokuthantamisa. ubomi ungonwabanga usapho, kunye nabantwana abathandathu ezingalweni zakhe, waba uthando lwakhe kunye nenkxaso.

Xa kwafika ixesha lokuba ingxelo izalamane kwiminyaka emibini ukuba ngemali kokuva kwakhe ubunzima, Balzac nto ukunika. Zonke iinzame ukuba singene ehlabathini kwamagama akuphumelelanga. Ngoko ke, le ntsapho wala kuye imali.

vein usomashishini

Ukususela ebuntwaneni, amazwi inkosi wayefuna ukuba sisityebi olungafanelekanga. Nangona le ncwadi ayizange ukuphuhlisa, umbhali uzama ukufumana. Okokuqala, linika umthamo lomculo hlelo. Ihlela ukushicilelwa. Emva koko wathunyelwa ESardinia ukuba kufunyanwa kwimigodi isilivere ngamaRoma amandulo. Enye isicwangciso eye akagwetyelwa ngokwawo - ukulinywa pineapples, kufuphi eParis. Izikim zoshishino Complex kwaye fantastic ngobomi ngokupheleleyo Balzac. Ngokufutshane chaza yonke yoyilo zakhe kuba igama elinye - ukusilela.

Ukungaphumeleli sele amatyala nangakumbi. Entolongweni ngenxa amatyala unina benibasindisile, leyo ngokuyinxenye seyibuyisiwe phambi kowe-mboleko.

Ebudeni bexesha elide ubomi buchopho bamsukela intlupheko. Ngoko ke, ubusuku omnye kwigumbi yakhe isela elula. Touch wayefuna into into ibiwe. Umnini, ngelo xesha kwelo gumbi, zange bekumele waza wathi: "Xa ngelize nifuna ebumnyameni, yintoni Andibonanga wumbi ke ukukhanya."

Indlela eya empumelelweni

Ukuthobela yayingekho enye ezintle lowo Honoré de Balzac. Biography of umbhali bekungayi kubangela iimvakalelo okungaka, ukuba kungabi ngenxa yokholo lwakhe olungagungqiyo ikamva labo. Master waqhubeka ukusebenza, enoba yintoni.

Ngowe-1829, umbhali waluthabatha usiba lwakhe kwakhona. Wazenzela ishedyuli onzima. Waya kulala 6 pm, ndiye ndivuke phakathi kobusuku. Lonke ixesha wabhala. Kwamenywa amaphepha baphuma phantsi kwengalo yakhe. Force ngokwayo, wahlala iindebe ezininzi yekofu olomeleleyo.

Malinge isithsaba ngempumelelo. Udumo bamzisa kwinoveli zembali "Shuany". Ihlabathi ebengekamazi ngubani Balzac. Biography of umbhali walatha into yokuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku sele kusetyenziswa iintlobo lezibizo.

Action kule ncwadi luya kuqhubeka ngexesha French Revolution. Apha umbhali abanetalente ngobuchule uchaze umzabalazo yomkhosi republic evela yan.

Okulandelayo, kwakha "Imifanekiso yabucala", "Le lichiza ixesha elide", ibali "Gobsek".

Isiseko Umsebenzi oyinhloko

Phezu kwamaphiko impumelelo inkosi isigqibo ngo-1831 ukwenza uthotho amabali. Oku bekufanele ukuba inkcazo into ke yokuziphatha. Isihloko - "The Human Comedy." Umsebenzi waqala ngemiboniso yobomi lwekhulu Paris XVIII-XIX.

iminyango abaninzi wavula phambi igama Honoré de Balzac. Biography indoda umbane kuthandwa imibala ezintsha ezifundiweyo. Kule zokuzilungisa ezininzi nendlela yanyuselwa njengoko undwendwe ehloniphekile. Apho, umbhali leva ezininzi amaqhawe yemisebenzi yakhe elizayo, nto leyo zaye zabandakanywa "Human Comedy". Labour Injongo ukudibanisa zonke kumsebenzi wabo obhalwayo kumjikelo enye. Wathabatha zonke iinoveli epapashwe ngaphambili kwaye itshintshwe ngokungagqibelelanga kubo. Heroes of iincwadi ezahlukeneyo ezifunyenwe phakathi usapho, abahlobo kunye nabanye ubuhlobo. Lo amaqhawe yaba iqulunqwe 143 iinoveli. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ingcamango ukuya ekupheleni engumFrentshi.

Le nto yaqaqambayo yaba indlela engaqhelekanga lombhali ukuya bayahlelwa abalinganiswa, kuba bazalwe, wakhulela, wamthanda, watshata bakhulisa abantwana babo imiqulu amaphepha.

Le theory of comedy

"Umbhali nanto" - oku igama Balzac evela nabagxeki. Biography of Umbhali enxulumene ngonaphakade kunye "comedy zabantu." It iqulathe ezintathu. Umsebenzi wokuqala yaye uninzi kakhulu, eziquka odlulileyo - "Imizobo ze isimilo." Apha ababukeli edibana itshivela Gobsek, uyise akanamdla Goriot, igosa ize French. Icandelo lesibini - "sobulumko." Inceda umfundi ukucacisa ngentsingiselo yobomi. inoveli "shagreen" wangena apha. Isahlulo sesithathu - "Studies zohlahlelo." Iincwadi kwesi sicatshulwa aveze mbongi ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye maxa wambi ibali zisiza kamva.

Uzeleyo funny iimeko biography of Balzac. Ubuchule inzuzo, kodwa zange ukuhlawula zonke iindleko kunye namatyala elidlulileyo. Kukho libali ukuba umbhali ngeveki waya kumhleli, ukuba abuze ukuba kwangaphambili nxamnye ekumba elizayo. Head hlukile ukuthanda izinto, ngoko kunqabile wamnika imali. Omnye umbhali, njengokwamaxesha onke, weza intlawulo, kodwa uNobhala wathi namhlanje umnini ababamkeli. Yintoni Balzac waphendula ngelithi yena akazange Andikhathali, okoko nje intloko wamnika imali.

Middle-abaneminyaka abafazi

Honoré akuthandeki imbonakalo kodwa mna ndiloyisile manenekazi ezininzi. Bayingenela fuse nangomdla apho umbhali wathi. Ngoko ke, lonke ixesha free ezichithwa ukubhalwa indoda mistresses ezininzi. ingqalelo yakhe iphumelele manenekazi akamaninzi amanene, kodwa kaninzi lilize. Abafazi "ubuhle" ubudala wayemthanda Balzac. Biography of Umbhali ngokupheleleyo adventures yothando. amaqhawekazi zabo baba oosisi abo kakuhle ngaphaya 30 Abantu abanjalo ke echazwe imisebenzi yakhe.

Waba umlinganiswa uthandwayo kwinoveli "mfazi The Years ezingamashumi amathathu." Lo mzobo eziphambili - intombazana, uJulie. Ngale ndlela, umbhali ibonisa ngokucacileyo kwingcingane yabafazi. Kungenxa lo msebenzi wazalelwa elithi "eliqina mfazi," oko kukuthi inenekazi engama-30 ukuya kuma-40.

kufezeka iphupho

Uthando idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi babantu. sisidwangube Polish Evelina Ganskaya waba inkanuko enkulu wakha wavakalelwa ngathi Honoré de Balzac. Biography ichaza ngokufutshane abazana zabo. Mfazi, kwakunye amakhulu nezinye abalandeli, wathumela ukuqondwa umbhali. Le ndoda yathi. waqala Imbalelwano. Kangangexesha elide, badibana kubusithela.

Evelyn wala ukuyeka umfazi atshate ngumbhali. Yothando olo lwenu beluludala kangangeminyaka eli-17. Free, waba, xa yena engumhlolokazi. Emva koko ke isibini atshate. Kwathi ngo May 1850, kwidolophu Ukrainian ka Berdichev. Kodwa ukuze sibunandiphe ubomi etshatileyo Balzac akazange abe nexesha. Waye wagula kakhulu ixesha elide, yaye ngaloo mnyaka, ngomhla we-18 Agasti ngo-Paris.

Master basike ngamnye abalinganiswa bakhe. Yena wayengoyiki ukwenza ubomi babo, ingakhanyi kuphela, kodwa sengqiqweni. Yiyo loo nto abalinganiswa Balzac xa kusekho umdla kumfundi.