Hypothyroidism ezinjeni: iimpawu, unyango, ebangela kwezifo

Enye amasebe mncinane kunye kakhulu ngokukhawuleza ekuphuhlisweni imithi hormone. Noko ke, inkoliso ukuphazamiseka uxilongo lwezilwanyana ezidalwe namhlanje usaqala. Noko ke, izilwanyana abagulayo, kwaye umsebenzi neengcali - ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo yaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, lungisa ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yonyango.

Enye yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwezi zifo uthathwa hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Amafoto izilwanyana, izinto, iimpawu kunye nonyango kwesi sifo, siza phambi kwenu kweli nqaku. Kwakhona siza kuqwalasela iindlela of kokuxilongwa.

Hypothyroidism ezinjeni: Inkcazo isifo

Esi sifo lukhatshwa yokuphazamiseka umsebenzi esinobubovu lengqula, nto leyo eye imisebenzi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Hypothyroidism - a ngezifo iphawulwa ukuhla kwinani hormone kuhlelwe.

iintlobo zezifo

Iingcali iintlobo ezimbini kwesi sifo - eziziprayimari nezizisekondari. Lufundiwe (primary) hypothyroidism - kukukrala esinobubovu lengqula, leyo kuthiwa sisifo Hashimoto, okanye ezinye iinkqubo ukuba atshabalalise umzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha hypothyroidism ezinjeni evusa ukunqongophala iodine yomxhesho zizifo zezilwanyana, nangezilonda le ndlala. Xa kunjalo, i-organ sibetho ayikwazanga ukukhupha imali eyaneleyo hormone.

hypothyroidism Secondary nezimpawu izinja ezinokuthi zenzeke esemncinane weento ezizitho zine, nefuthe etshabalalisayo kwi eziphilayo ekhulayo. hormone zibalulekile kuphuhliso kwenkqubo luvo namathambo, ukuswela kwabo kunokubangela izilwanyana komzimba. hypothyroidism Secondary ezinjeni esizibonakalisa kwekhono lengqula naso okanye ukuthambekela ukuyilwa yamathumba. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo iphazamisekile hormone.

maxa wambi hypothyroidism Secondary emva unyango ngokungafanelekanga kunye glucocorticoids okanye nezingafezekanga.

Inqanaba lesi sifo

Kuphuhliso hypothyroidism nezimpawu izinja nayo ezahlukeneyo. Ngelo kusekwangoko isifo isixa tyrosine kwi kwidlala lengqula lifinyele, ibangela ekwandiseni imveliso nezinye iihomoni. Ngenxa yoko, ibhalansi kwamadlala lomzimba endaweni ephantsi. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, umzimba kuthabatha ngokwabo, kodwa kaninzi esi sifo ifikelele eliqhubela phambili.

Kulo mzekelo, umgangatho tyrosine ebalulekile kakhulu kunene, futhi ke intsalela ulungelelwaniso akwenzeki. Le ndlala lengqula ufumana yokulimala ezikhokelela ukwehla ebalulekileyo imeko jikelele isilwanyana.

Njengazo zonke izinto ezingaqhelekanga yonyango, hypothyroidism nezimpawu izinja inokuba nomahluko. Kaninzi kwi kuphuhliso sifo ibonisa utyebile, ukutyeba. Ukongeza, esi sifo sivame ukuxilongwa kwi ilahleko iingxaki idyasi kunye nesikhumba.

Njengoko izinja hypothyroidism kubani na? Uphethwe kunokwenzeka kuphela kwikliniki elungileyo lwezilwanyana emva kokuba uphando olupheleleyo kwegazi lesilwanyana. Iziphumo zohlalutyo ziya kuvumela ukuthelekisa iziphumo nemigangatho, leyo uphawu zezilwanyana abaneminyaka efanayo izale.

Izinto ezibangela izifo

Thyroid ndlala - indlala amancinci ubungakanani ibekwe emqaleni. umsebenzi wayo lilawulwa nguMthetho posa obuchopho. Ngokuba imisebenzi yayo yesiqhelo kufuneka oluvuselela hormone okhethekileyo. Ingqondo yebhinqa synthesizes yincindi kwaye ibangela esinobubovu lengqula ukuvelisa yayo nzima. Kwimeko yayo ixhomekeke ukusebenza endlaleni.

Noko ke, hypothyroidism inja badla kukukhulisa izilwanyana, ingqondo yebhinqa leyo zikarhulumente eziqhelekileyo. Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Malunga ne 95% amatyala abantu "ngasemva", ziba ngenxa izifo ezihamba iinkqubo zotshintsho embi le ndlala lengqula. Ngelishwa, akukho nto isenokungenzeki ukufumana phandle i uhlobo ezi nkqubo.

Bezilwanyana bakholelwa ukuba ityala esi sifo samathambo, apho umzimba wesilwanyana iqala ukutshabalalisa ngokwayo. Hypothyroidism, unobangela esenokuba ezahlukeneyo, kaninzi ngenxa yoma le ingaba lengqula. Oku kubonakala kakhulu kumanqanaba yokugqibela ukutyeba kunye Oncology.

Yintoni enye kunokubangela hypothyroidism? Isizathu ukuba ihleli phambi kunye nezifo olwaye lwamfimfitha esosulelayo. A ofanayo kunokubangela iziyobisi zibunjwe hormone. Ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha ukuchonga iimeko hypothyroidism naso. Bezilwanyana bathi ezinzulu ziintshulube kunokubangela hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Izizathu zisekuhleni - umzimba wesilwanyana iphoswe imali eninzi ityhefu echaphazela ndlala lengqula.

Ukwandisa kunye ukuthambekela hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism ezinjeni, iimpawu (photo ungabona kweli nqaku), iimpawu bezonyango ukuze olufunyanwa izilwanyana ngesondo ezahlukeneyo, ubudala kunye izale. Nangona kule khosi iminyaka emininzi lokuqaphela bafumanisa ukuba iimpawu zesi sifo isoloko labonwa izilwanyana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama elishumi. Ngowe-70% amatyala ukuba kwenzeka ezinjeni kubangela ezinkulu elikhulu kunene, kunye nezilwanyana ezincinane begula kakhulu rhoqo.

iingcali ebibekiwe emhlabeni manani ihlabathi zibonisa ukuba ngokubonakalayo amathuba okuba ubunzima ukusuka iintlobo zilandelayo:

• pinscher Doberman;
• Retriever Golden;
• schnauzer;
• setter Irish;
• Cocker Spaniel;
• imali;
• Airedales.

Umalusi German ithe gqolo ukufumana izifo ezininzi yemfuza (hypothyroidism ngokunjalo). isini-based In kweemeko eziqhelekileyo Noko ke, es ovariectomized ubunzima kwesi sifo kakhulu rhoqo. Kodwa umsebenzi onjalo kufuneka ukuthintela umhlaza webele, kunjalo kweli hypothyroidism meko nto ikhethwayo ngakumbi oku: yokufa kwesi sifo izihlandlo ezilishumi ngaphantsi ngumhlaza.

symptomatology

hormone ayimfuneko ukuze umsebenzi eziqhelekileyo pathways kumzimba isilwanyana. ngokungaziphathi kuchaphazela phantse onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo. Kulo mba, linokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo wabonakalaliswa hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Iimpawu kunye nonyango lwesifo emiselwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana esekelwe kwizifundo zonyango. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziliqela enokuthi yenzeke kakuhle ngo-90% yamatyala apho ukuhlukunyezwa le ndlala lengqula.

Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango sifo ingabonwa kuphela ngokupheleleyo, njengokuba ezinye iimpawu ngokwahlukileyo abonisa ukuba kukho omnye yokugula. Abanini inja kufuneka uqhagamshelane mpawu zilandelayo kwenzeka kwikliniki yonyango lwezilwanyana, ukuba isilwanyana:

1. Umahluko yokuziphatha (ndlongo ngokugqithisileyo okanye, icala, aboni).
2. yoxinaniso ongeva kakuhle (namdla, ezidadayo look).
3. iingxaki luvo character (ukudinwa, ubunzima ngokugqithiseleyo, ukunganyamezelani bubushushu nengqele, kukutshintshatshintsha elibukhali).
4. Ukonakala kakhulu eluswini, nesambatho (inkwethu, ukoma, zineengxaki ilahleko iinwele, nombala okungaqhelekanga, isikhumba actinic).
5. Iingxaki inzalo ukudlalwa (encinane okanye enkulu kakhulu ikhefu phakathi ebanjwe, yobuntu amahlwempu, inzala buthathaka okanye ofileyo, ukukhulelwa lobuxoki).
6. Yokuphazamiseka izitya ngentliziyo negazi, kwakunye nenkqubo hematopoietic (bradycardia, fibrillation, ukunciphisa zegazi count, namhlophe cell segazi, sinciphise ihemoglobin, ukopha).
7. Utshintsho kwi emathunjini (urhudo, ukugabha, ukuqhina).
8. Iingxaki ngamehlo (conjunctivitis, iliso owomileyo, amanqatha inwebu, usulelo lwamehlo).

Ezinye iimpawu zesigulo - kushukunyiswa iqinelwa, ukukhubazeka, Neenkophe dlamkani, ngokundibamba le ngxaki. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi mpawu kubonakaliswa kuphela seladlula kwisigaba, ekubeni kancane. Iimpawu zonyango ngokubanzi, ukuze abonakale kangangeeveki eziliqela, okanye ukuba buthathaka kunjalo, "wahlamba phandle" kwaye rhoqo ukuba abanini musa nje ukunikela ingqalelo kubo.

Kukho enye inkalo ebalulekileyo - yinto ngezifo le ingaba lengqula. Amaxesha amaninzi, emva kokuba inja sele udlule ikhosi olumandla kunyango imithi enamandla, umzimba ukuze buthathaka. Ukufunda ikhadi yempilo yezilwanyana, ugqirha kokuya kufuneka zikuthathele ingqalelo oku akhawunti, kungenjalo Uxilongo ayililo. Izifo sezintso, isibindi, isifo seswekile kunye nezinye izifo ningandiqumbisi zophendlo lwezifo lengqula syndrome.

uphethwe sisifo

Hypothyroidism ezinjeni banesifo ngokusekelwe iziphumo zeemvavanyo eziliqela. ukhetho lwabo luxhomekeke zemali umthamo abanini silwanyana, ubukho bezixhono mihla kunye nezinto ezifunekayo ekliniki. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zesi sifo kunokuba ezingacacanga, unako ukwenza ngaphandle uxilongo lwezonyango zobungcali.

Uhlalutyo eqhelekileyo kuthathwa ukukhangela thyroxine (T4). Le eziphathekayo kuhlanganiswa kuphela le ndlala lengqula. Ngoko ke, xa umxholo wayo eliphantsi kwemithambo yegazi sigqibe ubukho isifo esimandundu. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba kukho inani yezizathu, ukumqumbisa ukuhla thyroxine egazini, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ezinye iindlela diagnostic.

Thyroxine ekhona kwi egazini ngeendlela ezimbini. ifom Bound iqhotyoshelwe kwiiproteni kwaye ugxile kungena iiseli. T4 Free sinxulumana iiproteni ukuba uyakwazi ukungena isakhiwo iseli kwaye ekhoyo ngokubanzi kulo ngezixa ezincinane. iqhekeza wayo umthamo kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kusenziwa i isifo.

Ukuba inja abe nezinga eliphantsi T4, kufuneka bavavanyelwe thyroxine, ngokusekelwe kwi intshukumo isimaphambili se ucwangciso olukhethekileyo zonyango. Kulo mzekelo, umthamo omncinane zokwenziwa yebhinqa hormone ilawulwa yegazi. Iiyure ezintandathu emva kokuba inkqubo, izinja ziye yophiswa kunye namanqanaba T4 ikhangelwe. Ukuba isilwanyana kuqinisekisiwe hypothyroidism, amanqanaba hormone ngegazi lakhe liya kuba kufutshane ulawulo oluqhelekileyo. kwinqanaba A Inja esempilweni ngayo le nto ligqithe ngokubonakalayo nelona qondo liphezulu eqhelekileyo.

ulwazi lixabisekileyo ukunika zophando yesiqhelo, eziqhutywa ngexesha loviwo lwezonyango. Ukuze wenze oku, umele enze oku kulandelayo:

• igazi chemistry nge kwinqanaba elithile triglycerides kunye cholesterol, kwaye clinical ngokubanzi;
• urinalysis (ekwabelwana);
• echocardiography;
• electrocardiogram.

izifundo hematological

Ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha eziqokelelwe yi bezilwanyana, malunga namashumi amathathu ekhulwini izinja kunye hypothyroidism iphuhlisa anemia non-okungenisa. Ukongeza, i-data ukuba ngokufuthi hypothyroidism inja kubangela hemostasis engaqhelekanga okanye bandiqumbise ukopha.

Xa isilwanyana isigulane serum lwee- triglycerides kunye cholesterol linyuke kakhulu. Hyperlipidemia - ingxaki eliqhelekileyo of hypothyroidism. Hypertriglyceridemia na anqabe kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha serum zafumana ukwanda enzyme zesibindi, kunye azotemia, ukusuka buthathaka ukumodareyitha.

unyango

ngonyaka ngamnye, ukufunda hypothyroidism kwi eengcali izinja uyakwazi ukutyhila ulwazi olutsha ezichaphazela iindlela kunye neendlela ukunyanga esi sifo. Kwezintsuku therapy yenziwe kwisiphaluka equka iinzame zokuphelisa unobangela sifo kunye nonyango nomqondiso.

Ukuba gqirha uyakwazi ukubona kukukrala ndlala ndlala kwi zigaba ekuqaleni (disease Hashimoto kaThixo), kubalulekile kakhulu ukuyisusa ukuthintela hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Unyango ibandakanya ulawulo lidle zokwenziwa ihomoni - thyroxine ( "Levothyroxine"). Kufuneka ufakwe imihla ngemihla. unyango Ludityanisiwe ufuna iimvavanyo zegazi qho ukunyenyisa umthamo ichiza.

Namhlanje, inkampani yamachiza jikelele silwenza iintlobo ezininzi kweli chiza, nto leyo yahluke kuphela amagama abhalisiweyo. Ithamo beziyobisi kuxhomekeke nenqanaba sifo kunye nempendulo isilwanyana ukuba kunyango. Ekuqaleni, umlinganiselo umthamo kamva ngosuku kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi, khangela inqanaba hormone, ngoko unyango apha naphaya ngokungqinelana isiphumo. Ugqirha uya kumisela yeyiphi inkqubo lo omzimba ingakumbi kunzima ukuphendula sifo nesinika unyango inkxaso kunye nomqondiso.

esweni nomonde zemo olunye

Kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokuqalisa unyango lukhangelwe T4 ingqalelo plasma yegazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, incopho boxinzelelo abhalwe kwisithuba iiyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo emva kokungenisa. Ngeli xesha, thyroxine xiyimiso kufuneka libe kufutshane eqhelekileyo.

Phambi kokuba ukuqaliswa beziyobisi kwikhontenti T4 serum babe komda omncinci oluqhelekileyo. Nzulu T4 yoxinaniso phambi nasemva nolawulo neziyobisi lubonisa ithamo ngokungeyomfuneko ephantsi. Oku kunokubangelwa malabsorption beziyobisi apha emathunjini, ishedyuli ukwamkelwa ephosakeleyo okanye ulawulo beziyobisi.

Malunga imfuneko ukunyenyisa ithamo ubungqina ichiza aluyiphelisi iimpawu zesifo lengqula, okanye, icala, iimpawu libanda. I-ALS izilwanyana omdala hypothyroidism ephambili abo an unyango replacement efanelekileyo, eyakhayo.

Ukuba kungeniswa hormone emva ukusetyenziswa elide luyekisiwe, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi, yaye ngamanye amaxesha iinyanga ukubuyisela uqhagamshelwano phakathi hormone kunye ingqondo yebhinqa. recovery olunjalo kaninzi kwenzeka ngaphandle naziphi na iziphumo ukwenzela impilo yezilwanyana.