I-Academician Petrovsky Boris Vasilievich: i-biography, inkxaso kwiyeza

ugqirha elizayo kunye Isazinzulu Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich wazalwa kaJuni 27, 1908 ngo Yessentuki. uyise kugqirha - umsebenzi lonyango sesiko lasekhaya. Nje phambi kokuba revolution, uPetros wafudukela Kislovodsk. Boris kokugqiba isikolo apho, emva koko waya kusebenza kwisikhululo zintsholongwane kweentsholongwane yasekuhlaleni. Ukongeza, waphumelela ikhosi yokuqhagamshela izixhobo, iincwadi zoshishino sanitary.

ukubunjwa

Ekugqibeleni, emva kokuba ukulungiselela elide Petrovskiy B. V. wangena Moscow State University yi-Faculty of Medicine. Moscow University State, wafumana idiploma ngo 1930. Xa befunda abafundi eliphezulu isikolo ukuba bakhethe izifundo kutyando, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba utyelelo rhoqo yokubonela yokwakheka, egqibelele ubuchule bakhe, kwaye kananjalo wafunda zomzimba. MSU inika ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuba baveze izimvo zabo. Abaninzi babo kule minyaka yobutsha bakhe Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich. Azuze, ngokufutshane, ayiphelelanga kukuhambela amayeza. Umfundi yaba inxaxheba ebomini yoluntu, ukuba usihlalo wekomiti zemanyano zabasebenzi le Institute. Ukongeza, wachitha ixesha elininzi kwi chess. UPetros ndadlala ntshatsheli elizayo kunye nguGrandmaster Mihailom Botvinnikom. Rhoqo intaba nazo zonke iindidi zemisebenzi Komsomol.

Ukususela ekuqaleni lwezifundo aphezulu ugqirha elizayo idluliselwe Pirogovke. Apho wafunda nezazi olona nyango Soviet. Petrovsky ndaqalisa kwisigaba ubomi obutsha. Yena kunye baluyeke ithiyori lokuziqhelanisa. Imke theory namazwi - ngoku lixesha lokuba bafumane amava kwizigulane ngokwenene. Ke kaloku umfundi kufuneka nje kuphela cuba rhoqo, kodwa runningaway abantu izakhono, abeza ukuphathwa.

Ngelo xesha omnye wootitshala ezingundoqo elizayo liye laba academician odumileyo UNikolai Burdenko. Petrovsky, Izifundo ukufunda umkomishinala impilo yabantu njingalwazi UNikolai Semashko. Wabanika abafundi ulwazi ubalulekileyo yaye iluncedo, yaye abafundi ngokwabo ngokumthanda kwakhe ngenxa virtuoso yakhe ekufundeni ezo zinto zifundwayo kunye nesimo nobubele. Semashko ngemizekelo ubomi bakhe ukuthetha malunga ukulwa nezifo ezoyikekayo kunye nokuthintela kwabo. Yena nabo amabali ngobomi bakhe bathinjwa yamaBolshevik Lenin, ngubani kanye kusindiswa ngaye kuyo ebanjiwe. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela sokuhlala kwakho kwiYunivesithi Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich ke kugqitywe umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala ezizimeleyo.

Ukuqala umsebenzi yenzululwazi

Emva kokuphumelela zokufuna ugqirha kunye neminyaka enesiqingatha wasebenza ugqirha esibhedlele kwisithili Podolsk. Yingcali waphalaza enze isinqumo. Wayengenako ukwenza Health Organization, ucoceko mveliso, kodwa ekugqibeleni enxulumene ikamva lakhe utyando.

Ngowe-1932 Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe wokufunda, wamiselwa Umphandi kwi Moscow Institute of Oncology. Umphathi yakhe uNjingalwazi Pet Gertsen. Petrovskiy B. V. wabonisa amandla ophando ebalaseleyo. Wafunda umhlaza kunye nesenzeko kwengcamango unyango lomhlaza webele. Kwakhona bachitha ixesha elininzi kwimiba gqirha Igazi. iphepha lakhe lokuqala zenzululwazi yapapashwa ngowe-1937. Wabonakala kule magazini 'ugqirha, "waza abazinikele amathuba unyango ngotyando zomhlaza.

Ke Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich wathethelela ithisisi kwi ukutofelwa igazi lakhe waza waba umviwa of Sciences zonyango. Ngowe-1948, lo msebenzi ngendlela ukuqhubekekiswa yapapashwa njenge ngodaba. Kodwa ke ugqirha igcinwe nomdla isihloko kwegazi. Wafunda iindlela gazi kwakunye nefuthe layo emzimbeni womntu.

usapho

Nokuba kwi Oncology Institute kwakukho intlanganiso, emva koko ugqibe intsapho yakhe elizayo Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich. Personal inzululwazi ubomi ezinxulumene n Timofeeva - umqeshwa omnye iilebhu zovavanyo. Ngowe-1933, esi sibini wadlala emtshatweni, yaye ngowe-1936 baba intombi Marina. Umama ngelo xesha ebesekulufezeni iziqu, ngoko ke intsapho babephila ixesha elithile kunye nanny eqeshiweyo. E Petrovsky kunye nomfazi wakhe ixesha isimahla omncane ukuze babone emva kwexesha kuphela ngokuhlwa, xa efika ekhaya yokulala off.

Marina komntwana ochwayitileyo akhuthazayo. Kuba summer intsapho iye kubethwa ngumoya wemka ngenxa kumazantsi Kislovodsk, apho kwakukho Rodina Borisa Vasilevicha encinane. Umfazi wakhe nentombi nayo waya kuphumla e Vyazma, apho wayehlala khona abazali uCatherine bakhe. Ngowe-1937, eneminyaka engama-49 Kwadlula umntu unina Petrovskogo noLidiya Petrovna.

ngaphambili,

Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich, ngobomi egama izele mathuba ezinkulu, kungekudala emva kokuba efumene isihloko unjingalwazi waqalisa ukusebenza kwizibhedlele zaseKiriyati-Red Army ngethuba leMfazwe Winter kunye eFinland. Ekhohlo kwi Karelian Isthmus, ayesebenza phezu zininzi iingxwelerha nezilima. Oku yayibaluleke kakhulu iimeko kwembambano uza ku Germany.

Ziqala IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic wenza Petrovsky kangangeminyaka eliqela, besebenza ngokoqobo imini nobusuku. ugqirha kulomcimbi waba ugqirha phambili nezibhedlele ngobungxamo emkhosini. Nabezempilo baqhuba amakhulu kwaye ukubongamela umsebenzi inani elikhulu labaqeshwa. Ngowe-1944 wamiselwa umhlohli ophezulu kwi-Loqhaqho YeSebe iLeningrad Military Medical Academy. Ngexesha lemfazwe, igazi izixhobo igazi zaphuculwa, leyo besifundiswa B. V. Petrovsky. Igalelo ogqirha loo mntu mkhulu ubuncinane ngenxa yesi sizathu. Ngenxa kuye, ukuqaliswa indlela igazi iye yavavanywa kulo thoracic aorta kunye carotid umthambo.

Gabalala yamava zomkhosi

amava Military wenza Boris Petrovsky enye neengcali intle yentsimi zabo kulo lonke ilizwe. Ngo-Oktobha 1945 waba usekela mlawuli yophando kwi-Institute of Surgery eKliniki kunye Ukulinga, inxalenye USSR Academy of Sciences. Nokufika uxolo kuye waqhubeka nomsebenzi lwezenzululwazi, leyo lwenziwa yi Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich. Impumelelo Isazinzulu idale isiseko ithisisi yakhe zobugqirha zikhuselwe ngo-1947. Kuye kwanikezelwa unyango ngotyando amanxeba udubuleke olujikeleza.

Ekubeni uPetros wayengomnye iingcali eziphambili lwasekhaya ngalo mbandela, wamiselwa umhleli elawulayo umqulu 19 "Amava Soviet Medicine in Patriotic iMfazwe Enkulu." Lo msebenzi ezinkulu lwapapashwa nguRhulumente. volume nganye umhleli wayo - sezifo enkulu kunye nonoklinikhi. Kakade ke, olu luhlu ayikwazanga ukungena apho, kunye Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich. Ugqirha ekhethiweyo ngenyameko iqela lababhali ekugqibeleni wabhala incwadi. edition Key izahluko waya gqirha.

Sebenzela ekwenzeni umthamo ubukho kangangeminyaka emine. Ezinye izinto yayisekelwe kumava Petrovsky - mayidityaniswe ekupapasheni iifoto abaninzi bazamela esibhedlele ngexesha lemfazwe. Kunye neqela lakhe ababhali ngumphandi ngokutsha zihlalutywe malunga nesigidi esinye iimbali ezizodwa. Basindiswa kwi iLeningrad Military Medical Museum. Ukusebenza kwikomkhulu ongasentla umqulu 19, uPetros wanyanzeleka ukuba ukuhlukana kunye nentsapho yakhe, uye kutshanje wabuya ngobungxamo eMoscow. Yenza incwadi wehla waya luthelekiso uluhlu elikhulu data kwi amakhadi ngamanqindi kunye neetafile. Kwakhona okwesihlandlo sokuqala saqulunqwa kwaye systematized iindlela imisebenzi enzima, umbhali kwawo Boris Vasilevich Petrovsky. Ugqirha wayekwazi oko wabhala - ngaphambili, Wabakhapha malunga 800, yaye bonke ezinxulumene lisaphila.

e Hungary

Emva kwemfazwe, ISAZINZULU wafundisa kwiiyunivesithi e Moscow, iLeningrad, Budapest. Abantu Hungarian Republic, waya ke isigqibo urhulumente waseSoviet. I Budapest University of Petrovsky kwi-1949 - 1951 biennium. intloko Clinic Heart kwi-Faculty Medical. Abasemagunyeni Hungarian wacela eMoscow uncedo. Urhulumente omtsha yobusoshiyali bathunyelwa oogqirha best eSoviet ngubani kwakufuneka alungiselele ukusuka ekuqaleni kweli kwilizwe lobuhlobo, isizukulwana lokuqala yeengcali kwezonyango.

Ke Petrovsky, okokuqala emva kwempi ixesha elide ukuba ashiye ilizwe. Kakade ke, yena nako ukwala isindululo karhulumente, njengoko wayiqonda imiyalelo kunye noxanduva nokubaluleka kwayo ukuqinisa ubudlelwane of Hungary kunye eSoviet Union. Ugqirha odumileyo kakhulu memoirs bakhe kuthelekiswa uhambo ukuya Budapest nohambo omnye umfundi "ngaphambili". Ngenxa Petrovsky e Hungary uqhaqho yakhe thoracic, inkonzo traumatology, ukutofelwa igazi Oncology. Ilizwe kuhlolwa kwi specialist merit zabasebenzi. Ugqirha wawongwa umyalelo karhulumente "Kuba Ukugqwesa", yaye wonyulwa omnye wamalungu Wawongwa i-Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Ngowe-1967, i-Budapest University of Petrovsky wenza ugqirha yekhethelo.

Xa befika e Hungary ilungu Politburo of Kliment Voroshilov. Kwafuneka ukuba enze ingxelo kwiPalamente. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi eSoviet nezibi. Yena akazange avumelane kokuxilongwa kagqirha, wamcenga ukuba vo Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich. Photo Abantu eyayisakuba Commissar epapashwe rhoqo "PRAVDA" - wayengomnye amalungu Communist Party. Ke kaloku uPetros wayesazi ukuba wayengekho kumaphephandaba, kwaye umntu. Nkqu imi--20. ngexesha izifundo zakhe e Moscow State University Voroshilov badla nabafundi. Ngowe-1950, e Hungary, uPetros wabeka Klimentu Efremovichu diagnosis - paresis emathunjini.

academician

Emva kokubuyela ekhaya ngo-1951, Boris waqalisa ukusebenza kwi Moscow Medical Institute ogama emva Pirogov, apho wabubhekisa isebe kotyando fakultetnoy. Wahlala utitshala iminyaka emihlanu. Kwakhona ngo-1951, Boris Petrovsky inxaxheba ngeenkongolo ngamazwe ezimbini - oogqirha kunye anesthetists.

Ukususela ngowe-1953 ukuya 1965. waba ugqirha oyinganga yeSine Main Department of the Ministry of Health USSR. Ngowe-1957 waba academician. Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich, ogama engobomi ngumzekelo kwagqirha, eyisingela lonke ixesha lakhe walichitha unobangela ebomini, kube waba ngumlawuli we-All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Surgery Clinical zokuhlola.

Le Isazinzulu ifumene amabhaso ezininzi kunye amabhaso. Ngoko ke, ngo-1953, i-Academy of Sciences Medical USSR imbasa kuye ibhaso ngenxa Burdenko ngodaba iindlela zoqhaqho kunyango zomhlaza cardia kunye kuvuleke iminxunya. Ukongeza, i-nzulu abasoloko bethetha ngayo imfuneko ukutyala kwiindawo ezintsha - Anesthesiology Nonyango. Ixesha uye wabonisa ukuba ilungile - ulwazi umsebenzi iye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezonyango lonke. Ngowe-1967, uPetros yapapasha ngodaba "zomzimba Yonyango", nto leyo ushwankathelwa amava akhe ukusetyenziswa oxide.

UMphathiswa wezeMpilo

Ngowe-1965, i-eSoviet Union, i-abohlukeneyo lokuqala oluphemeleleyo of human sezintso lwenziwa. Lo msebenzi lwaqhutywa Petrovskiy B. V. ugqirha womfundisi izele impumelelo apho ungongeza igama "lokuqala" - ngoko ke Prosthetic mitral wokuqala umba intliziyo nitrogen mechanical nekhono. Kwakhona ngo-1965, waba yintloko Ministry of Health waseUSSR, zakubon 'ukuba zenziwe kule ndawo iminyaka eli-15 - de 1980.

Phambi kokuba uvula entsha post, uPetros wadibana Z Brezhnev kunye theses wachaza imiba engundoqo amayeza zasekhaya. impilo yoluntu eSoviet wayephethwe amahlwempu izinto isiseko amaziko empilo kunye nasezibhedlele. A ethile enkulu yaba kukunqongophala kwezibonelelo zonyango kunye nezixhobo, ngenxa leyo maxa wambi kube nzima ukusebenza kwaye ukuthintela iingxaki ezinxulumene ulawulo losulelo. Ke zonke ezi zinto kunye nezinye iintsilelo ezininzi kwafuneka ukulwa umfundisi omtsha.

Kwiminyaka eli-15 kwi-ofisi Petrovskiy B. V. (ugqirha, sesayensi ngumququzeleli elungileyo) inxaxheba ekudalweni kunye nokuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu kwale mboni ebalulekileyo. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe intsebenziswano kunye noMphathiswa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukwandiswa nabo abaqeqeshiweyo zanceda ukwazisa ubugcisa obutsha, ukunika ithuba lokuba inani elikhulu leengcali ukuze uqhelane namanye amava amazwe, ukunika amandla okuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lenzululwazi yezonyango entsha, njalo njalo. D. Phantsi Boris Petrovsky wenziwe ukutshintshisana ngolwazi lwezenzululwazi kunye eFinland, France, eUnited States, eSweden, Great Britain, Italy, Japan , Canada kunye namanye amazwe. Unxibelelaniso izivumelwano, iinkqubo intsebenziswano kunye namanye amaxwebhu ebalulekileyo badlula ngqo kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMpilo kunye nentloko yayo.

Ngenxa yemigudu Borisa Petrovskogo amaninzi amaziko ophando amatsha eyahlukeneyo zigqityiwe ukwakhiwa, olulodwa zonyango. UMphathiswa laqalisa ukusekwa yangamaziko ukufunda Gastroenterology, influenza, Pulmonology, izifo zamehlo, abohlukeneyo izicwili kunye namaziko. Kulo lonke eli lizwe ukuvula neekliniki ezintsha kunye nasezibhedlele. Kwakukho izicwangciso kuyilo zokwakha yakutshanje amaziko ezempilo karhulumente. Phantsi Ministry of the uthumo ekhethekileyo, oko ucinga kukho Ubeko zadalwa. projekthi entsha zonke-komdibaniso yengingqi, kwisithili, zabantwana, izibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo, izikhululo zeenqwelo zivunywe kwizibhedlele kubeleka, polyclinics, ezempilo kunye nokuhlola nococeko. Ngelo xesha yapasisa hlengiso imfundo. Kwizikolo zonyango, ngumpheki entsha. Yonke into eyenziwe kwilizwe enkulu inani elaneleyo labasebenzi abaneziqinisekiso kakhulu.

Ngowe-1966, i-eSoviet Union okokuqala sibhiyozele iMini msebenzi zonyango. Intlanganiso engundoqo kwesithethe kwi sifundo kubanjelwa kwiHolo Columns. Boris Petrovsky zifundwa isiganeko ingxelo engundoqo, leyo ngokufutshane kuthwa uphuhliso impilo yoluntu Soviet, kwakunye neembono kunye neenjongo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, uSuku igosa lonyango kuye singangumzekelo kwabanye amakhono. Xa mfanekiso, kwabonakala iholide nokusebenza kootitshala kuye, njalo njalo. D.

Scientific School Petrovsky

Kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe, eliqela izikolo ezitsha theoretical amayeza eSoviet Union. Baba iqela leengcali ephuhlisa ngendlela ethile yezonyango. Usolusapho enye kwezi zikolo ngokwakhe Petrovskiy Boris Vasilevich. UMphathiswa wezeMpilo waseUSSR, njengoko ugqirha oselula owayesebenza Oncology Institute, ndayibona indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukufumana khe iqela nabo.

Isikolo sabucala kwakuyimfuneko kuye ukwenza ingcamango elikhulu-scale: ukwenza indlela entsha yezonyango. Yaba Ukuhlinza. Waye ngomgaqo obalulekileyo - unqanyulwe, ndinqumle kancinci kangangoko ukuba amalungu kunye namalaphu. Ukugcina oogqirha babo sikolo babhenela ukusetyenziswa ukuxilongwa enziweyo ezenziwe ngentsimbi kunye zeplastiki. Nabo kwafakwa inyama nogwali Ukufakelwa. Petrovsky, waba ingcali eyaziwayo, ukukhusela, ndiwukhusele lo mbono.

Le Isazinzulu likwazile yokutyala kwabeMi iingcali kunye namalungu lesikolo theoretical component. Owona iqonga zokusabalalisa izimvo zabo Boris Petrovsky wenza Surgery ISebe Yezibhedlele Moscow Medical Institute ogama emva Sechenov, koko wabubhekisa iminyaka engaphezu kwama-amathathu - ukususela 1956. Le ndawo iye yaba elinye lamaziko kakhulu kakuhle owaziwayo ezaziwayo zemfundo ulwalathiso lizwe.

Theoretician kunye nogqirha

Ngowe-1960, Boris Petrovsky, kunye ezintathu oogxa bakhe wawongwa Prize Lenin. Oogqirha elinikwa ngenxa uphuhliso kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi emitsha kwiinqanawa ezinkulu nentliziyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uMphathiswa wezeMpilo waseUSSR, umzekelo Boris uqobo kungqina ukuba oogqirha bathole futhi ukusebenzisa iindlela ezintsha zonyango lwe iziguli zigulo phambi yayibonakala obulalayo. Kanye kurhulumente, ISAZINZULU lijongene nocelomngeni entsha. Ke kaloku yena ophethe amayeza kwilizwe liphela. Isibakala sokuba ugqirha uthe gqolo ulibamba leBhunga ePhakamileyo VI kunyulwa - X ziintlanganiso, ngokucacileyo wabonisa ukuba ukusebenza imisebenzi yayo.

Ngowe-1942, i-nzulu wangena CPSU (b). Ngowe-1966, i-naqela ilungu elitsha umgqatswa le CPSU Committee Central. Baba Academician Petrovskiy B. V. ukugcina eli xesha kude 1981. Ukongeza, ngo-1966 - iminyaka 1981. yena ibamba of the Supreme yiSoviet USSR. Uninzi ubomi ugqirha odumileyo wayehlala e Moscow, apho wafela khona ngowe-2004 eneminyaka engama-96. Waza ke wangcwatywa kwi Novodevichy emangcwabeni.