I-Ascension Cathedral yaseNovocherkassk: imbali. IShedyuli yeNkonzo

Phakathi kwemisebenzi ebalaseleyo yendawo yokwakhiwa kwetempile yaseRussia, i-Ascension Cathedral eNovocherkassk ihlala kwindawo ekhethekileyo. Isakhiwo esibukhulu kwisayizi sesibini kuphela kwiCatehedral of Christ uMsindisi eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg iSt. Isaac's Cathedral. Kwiminyaka yokuba khona kwayo ibe yikhumbuzo lesinyaniso kwi-Don Cossacks kunye nomlando wayo onzima kwaye obalaseleyo.

Isiseko senkundla yokuqala

Ngo-1805, xa isixeko sisekwa, i-Ascension Cathedral yaseNovocherkassk yafakwa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa, ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala emva kweminyaka emithandathu kamva, ngo-1811. Imisebenzi yaqhutyelwa phantsi kolawulo lomlobi weprojekti, iyaneliseka ngokulandelelana kweklasikhi, umyili wase-Italy uAloisius Ruska. Ngo-1818, xa umsebenzi ungagqityiwe, umakhi waseRashiya washiya i-Russia, kwaye ishishini lakhe laqhutyelwa ngu-Amvrosimov wethu wasekhaya.

Ukuwa kokuqala kwetempile

Kodwa ukwakhiwa kwakungekho njongo yokuphela ngokukhuselekileyo. Ngowe-1846, ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwesigxina esiyintloko, kwenzeka ingozi - inxalenye ebalulekileyo yesakhiwo sakhiwo sawa . Ngomzuzwana isakhiwo esihle sajika saba yinqaba yamatye. Ngethamsanqa, kwakungekho ncipheko, njengoko imini yayingumthendeleko, kwakungekho mntu ngaphakathi kweso sakhiwo.

Isiganeko saxelwa ngabanye kwi-tsar, kwaye ikhomishini ekhethekileyo yophando yafika eNovocherkassk, eyaziwayo iimpazamo zokwakha izakhiwo kunye nokwephulwa kakubi kwemimiselo yokwakha, okwabangelwa ukuwa kwesakhiwo. Ukongezelela, kunye nezinto zokwakha zazingekho mgangatho ophantsi. Kubonakala sengathi umntu "washushumbisa izandla zakhe," kwaye umsebenzi weminyaka engamashumi amane wachitheka.

Ukungaphumeleli kwesibili

Emva kwexesha, umsebenzi waqalisa kwakhona phantsi kolawulo lomnye umakhi-IO Valdin. Baphinda baqulunqa iphrojekthi, ukuphumeza ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo enamandla kakhulu yokulawula ubuchwepheshe. Nangona kunjalo, ilitye elibi lalingenakulinganiswa. Ngowe-1863, kwinqanaba elifanayo lomsebenzi, oko kukuthi, xa kwakhiwa idilesi eyintloko, isakhiwo sawa ngokufanayo ngendlela efanayo neminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe edlulileyo. I-Ascension Cathedral yaseNovocherkassk engasaphelwanga kwakhona yahlala yincithakalo.

Ngeli xesha elinye ikhomishoni ifike evela kwinqununu ifunyenwe imbangela yengozi ngokukhawuleza ekusebenzeni komsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, uValpred akahlawulwanga ngoku, ngenxa yokuba wayehluke ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, ngokubhekiselele ngokubhaliweyo ngokubhaliweyo, kodwa waphoqelelwa ukuba angenise uxinzelelo lwabaphathi beedolophu kunye nabamakhelwane baseCossack.

Ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwengxelo yesithathu ye-kedare

Kodwa ngaphandle kwetempile kaThixo, isixeko asinakuphila, kwaye ngo-1891 abemi baseNovocherkassk, abaninzi babo babeyi-Cossacks, banqwenela ukuqala ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezitsha, okwesithathu okwenziwe kwi-cathedral. Kule nkalo, ixesha elide bekukho ingxoxo malunga nokubuyisela isakhiwo esiwa phantsi okanye ukuyidiliza ngokupheleleyo kwaye kwindawo yaso yokumisela entsha. Abaxhasayo bokuqothulwa, kwaye ngowe-1882 isakhiwo sokwakha sasisuswe ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo ezakhiweyo zangaphambili.

Ukuqulunqwa kwetyala elitsha lavunywa iminyaka emibili ngaphambili nguMlawuli uAlexander II. Umlobi weli projekthi (esele isithathu kwisilwayo) yiplani ye-Don Army uA A. Yashchenko, kungekudala ngaphambi kokuba inikezwe isihloko se-academician. Nangona kunjalo, wayengenakubona yakhe inzala. Ngomnyaka we-1893, xa imisebenzi yayisezingeni lesakhiwo sokwakha, umakhi wezakhiwo washona ngokukhawuleza.

Intloko entsha yomsebenzi, i-IP Zlobin, yayibeka isiseko sakhiwo, xa ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza ekuvelweni kwemisebenzi kwabonakala kwakhona. Phinda umise ukwakhiwa, kwaye kwakhona inkqubo kunye nemibuzo. Amava amabi athatywe ngaphambili adinyanzelise abaphathi abasemagunyeni abajongene nomsebenzi ukuba bafuneke ngokukodwa. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba imiphumo ingaba yiyiphi inxaxheba yokungalindelekanga kwabadlali.

Ukuzaliswa kwemisebenzi yokwakha

Kodwa ekugqibeleni ngowe-1901 i-Ascension cathedral yempi yaseNovocherkassk yagqitywa. Kwakuyintathu yesithathu enkulu inkulu e-Russia. Ukuphakama kwayo kwakungamitha engama-75, kwaye macala - ngamanitha angama-62 kunye nama-70. Ngelo xesha, abantu abayi-5,000 babeya kulo. Ukulungiswa kwale colossus, umbane wezitena wawakhelwe ngokukhethekileyo, umbhobho wamanzi walala waza wakhiwa isikhululo samandla. Ukongezelela, zonke izinto eziza kukwakhiwa zihlolwe amandla kwi-laboratory ekhethwe ngokukodwa kule njongo. Xa ixabiso lilonke lomsebenzi lalibalwe, kwakukho irekhodi la maxesha - ii-ruble ezi-2,000,000.

Iinkalo zecawa entsha

Ngokukodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ubuhle obuqhelekileyo bodome obunqamle i-Ascension Cathedral yaseNovocherkassk. Zonke zazigqutywe ngegolide elibomvu, kwaye umnqamlezo omkhulu, owenziwe ngumyalelo okhethekileyo weenkosi zaseBohemia, wawuhlotshiswe ngokunyaniseka okwenziwe ngekristal yedwala. Kwahlala iinkumbulo zabantu abadala basezidolophini, ezibonisa ukuba kwimozulu esicacileyo ukukhanya kwekhaya kunye nomnqamlezo kubonakala kwiikhilomitha ezininzi, njengobunjani bhakoni obukhomba indlela eya kuThixo.

Uphuhliso lobugcisa oluphambili kula maxesha lusetyenziswe ngokukhethekileyo kwithempeli kwaye ngoku iimeko ezifudumeleyo zokufudumala kunye neenkqubo zokungenisa umoya. Benza ngendlela enokuthi, ngaphezu kokudala izimo ezilungeleyo kubakhonzi, baqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwe-iconostasis kunye neefrescoes kwifomu yazo yasekuqaleni. Umgangatho kwigumbi lethempelini yenziwe ngamatye eemarbo athatywayo esuka eItali naseFransi. Iinkcukacha ezithakazelisayo zokwakhiwa kwetempile yinqanaba elingaphantsi komhlaba elikhokelela kumagumbi endlu yombhishophu. Ngoku nantsi iNdlu yamaGosa.

Ixesha lethempelini ngexesha lokulwa kukaThixo

Xa ilizwe lethu langena ngexesha lokungabikho kokukholelwa kuThixo, i-Ascension Cathedral yaseNovocherkassk ayizange idlule ingxaki. Kwi-thirties, ivaliwe. Iinkonzo zikaThixo zimisiwe. Ukusuka kwendlu yayo, iminqamlezo kunye namaphepha ebhedu, ehlanganiswe ngegolide, isuswe. Kwintlanganiso yesigqeba, ebetha ubuhle bobuhle bobuhle bayo, abaphathi abatsha bahlela indawo yokugcina i-fuel and lubricants.

Kwavulwa kwakhona ngamaJamani ngo-Agasti 1942, xa uNovocherkassk ehlala emsebenzini. Emva kokukhululwa kwesi sixeko ngamasosha aseSoviet, itempile yayingavaliwe, kwaye iinkonzo zenziwa kuyo, kodwa zonke izitishi zayo ezinkulu zazisetyenziswa njengeendawo zokugcina. Ewe, akukho mbuzo wokwenza umsebenzi wokubuyisela nokubuyisela ngelo xesha.

Ukubuyiselwa kweTempile

Ngethamsanqa, yonke into ishintshile ngokuza kwePerestroika kunye nokuguqulwa kwentando yesininzi. Kulo lonke ilizwe, amakholwa abuya oko kwakususwe kubo ngexesha lokulwa kukaThixo. Amawaka eetempileni waphinda waba yipropati yeCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRashiya. Phakathi kwazo kukho i-Ascension cathedral yezempi. Isixeko saseNovocherkassk sabelwe iimali zemisebenzi emikhulu yokubuyiselwa, ekhangayo ezininzi iingcali ezikhokelayo zelizwe.

Ngo-2005, uNovocherkassk wagubha iminyaka eyi-200. Ngaloo mhla uhambelana nekhulu leminyaka yesiseko setempile. Isipho esiya kweso sixeko ukusuka kubakhi kunye nababuyisi be-cathedral kwakuphela ekubuyiselweni kwesakhiwo sezakhiwo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubuyiselwe ekubukeni kwayo kwasekuqaleni. Kwixesha elizayo eliza kucetywa kwakhona ukugubungela indlu kunye negolide kwaye iphinde ibuyiselwe emnqamlezweni oyingqamlezo elinekristal.

Ubungqina bokuqala bemihla yethu yinkqubo yokuba iiprojekthi ngokuhlwa kwiindonga zededareli indawo evela eBhayibhileni. Ukongezelela, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekugqibeleni isakhiwo sonke, sinike umbuko omkhulu kunye nobuhle. Okwangoku, ukubuyiselwa ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kuyaqhubeka, kwaye kungekudala itempile iya kubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwibonakalayo yangaphambili.

Iingcwele kwiitrato

Kodwa ingaphelelisi nje yokwakha kunye nepeyinti yangaphakathi ecebileyo idume ngokuba yi-Ascension Cathedral. U-Novocherkassk, onomlando ongenakunyaniswa ngokungenakulungelelaniswa ne-Don Cossacks, uye wahlala ehlala kwidolophu yase-Orthodox ngokwenene, apho kwakunqunyulwa khona imifanekiso yamangalisa kunye nemifanekiso yamangcwele angcwele. Lapha nasetendeni leedolophu, wonke umntu oza apha unokukhothamela kwimifanekiso engcwele eyaziwayo ngemimangaliso ebonakaliswe ngabo.

Ezi mifanekiso ziquka iimpawu zikaMama kaThixo: i-Donskaya, iAksai, iSpres and Life Recovery of the Dead. Ukongezelela, etempileni kukho indawo yokungcwaba kunye neentsika zikaSt. John (Dobrozrakova). Ukuphilisa okuninzi ngokumangalisayo kwenzeka ngokuya kwimithandazo eyayiphakanyiswa phambi kwezi ngcwele, eyayizukisa i-Ascension Cathedral kulo lonke ilizwe laseNovocherkassk. Ishedyuli yeenkonzo ezenzeka kuyo ayikwazi ukuyihlula kwezinye iithempelesi zaseRashiya, kodwa ubuqaqawuli babo bobukhulu bokomoya babeka itempile kunye nomzekeliso walo kwenye yezona ndawo zikhokelela eRashiya. Kukaye ngakwesokudla.

Kwaye ekugqibeleni siya kwazisa bonke abafisa ukutyelela i-Ascension Cathedral (Novocherkassk). Idilesi yetempile: Indawo yaseRostov, iNovocherkassk, pl. Ermak, 2.

Ishedyuli yenkonzo ethempelini yenzelwe ngendlela enokuthi iinkonzo zentsasa (ii-Liturgy Divine) ziqala ngeeyure ezingama-7, kunye neenkonzo zangokuhlwa ngeeyure ezingama-18. Ngeenkonzo zokuhlwa, ubusuku bonke busuku buyenziwa. Le yinkqubo ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa nganye inyanga ezinye iinguqu ezinokuthi zenziwe kuyo ngokuhambelana nekhalenda yecawa.