I-eneji ye-capacitor kunye nesikhundla sayo

Ukuba ingxelo ezimbini isigxina abaqhubi ezimbini xa igqunyiwe, phakathi kwabo kukho ekuthiwa-umahluko enokwenzeka, nto leyo ixhomekeke ubukhulu isigxina kunye nejiyometri le abaqhubi. Xa kunjalo, ukuba izityholo bayalingana ubukhulu kodwa echasayo umqondiso, unako ukungena kwinkcazelo capacitance, unako ke ngoko ukufumana ingqiqo ngendlela Amandla capacitor kuyo. Le capacitance zombane kwinkqubo equka ababhexeshi ezimbini, umlinganiselo omnye izityholo ukuya umahluko enokubakho phakathi izinikezeli.

I-eneji ye-capacitor kuxhomekeke capacitance. Oku kungenziwa kumiselwa izibalo yale ratio. I-eneji ye-capacitor (formula) ziza kuboniswa kule chain:

W = (C * U * U ) / 2 = (q * q) / (2 * C) = q * U / 2, apho amandla W- of capacitor C capacitance, U- umahluko olunokubakho phakathi kwe iipleyiti ezimbini (ombane) , ixabiso q- mali kwentlawulo.

Ixabiso le capacitance ixhomekeke ubukhulu kunye nokumila umqhubi kunye Heating esohlukanisa ezi abaqhubi. Inkqubo apho endle yombane buzinze (eyendawo) kuphela kwindawo ethile, ngokuba ekondensa. Izinikezeli ezakha isixhobo zibizwa ngokuba. Le yindlela elula ebizwa njalo- parallel-plate capacitor.

Icebo kakhulu elula - iipleyiti ezimbini flat kokuba ikhono ukuqhuba umsinga wombane. Ezi pleyiti zilungiselelwe ngokunxuseneyo kwi kumgama (omncinane) enye kwenye yaye ezahlulwe sisithuba umaleko evela yokwambathisa. I-eneji endle le capacitor kule meko yenzelwe ikakhulu phakathi amacwecwe. Noko ke, kufutshane kungqameko amacwecwe kunye nendawo engqonge kwenzeka radiation kodwa kakhulu buthathaka. Ibizwa ngokuba kuncwadi yasendle kwelifu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko wagqiba ekubeni ngoyaba nabo bacinga ukuba lonke Amandla capacitor yi ngokupheleleyo phakathi amacwecwe. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko nangoku kuthathelwa ingqalelo (ikakhulu ukusebenzisa amatyala mikroemkostey okanye, icala, ikatydid).

capacitance zombane (kungoko, amandla ka capacitor) sixhomekeke amacwecwe. Ukuba sijonga wokubala C = E0 * S / d, apho uC capacitance, amaxabiso ubukhulu E0- kwe parameter ezifana rhoqo Heating (kulo mzekelo, emoyeni) Ixabiso d- kunye nomgama phakathi iipleyiti, kuyenzeka ukuba wenze kwisigqibo eqinisekileyo ukuba capacitance enjalo a capacitor moya bomzimba ngokomlinganiselo ixabiso umgama phakathi emacwecweni kwaye umlinganiselo ngqo kwindawo yabo. Ukuba isithuba phakathi electrode ukugqibezela Heating ethile, ngoko ke amandla ka capacitor kwaye umthamo walo uya kunyuka ukuya E amaxesha (E kulo mzekelo - rhoqo Heating).

Ngenxa yoko, nathi ngoku ukubonisa ifomula kunye namandla ezinokubakho, nto leyo ebangelwa phakathi electrode ezimbini (amacwecwe) loMthetho capacitor: W = q * E * d . Noko ke, kulula kakhulu ukuba ukuvakalisa imbono "capacitor amandla" ngokusebenzisa amandla: W = (C * U * U) / 2.

Formula parallel kunye uxhulumaniso serial kuhlala sisemthethweni naliphi na inani capacitors eqhagamshelwe ibhetri.