Yintoni na umthamo yombane?

Kudla esikolweni utitshala izifundo physics echaza umbane ngokuxhomekeke basebenzisa ukuthelekisa le yangoku zombane phezu kwamanzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nangona akusoloko, ukuba lula ulwazi lweenkqubo, uthelekiso onjalo kwamkelekile kakhulu. Eneneni, igama elithi "zangoku" lisetyenziswa ngokumalunga lulwelo. Yaye yintoni na umthamo? Le yenye iimpawu zesifundo, ukukwazi layo iqulathe into. Ngokomzekelo, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iibhanki amandla iilitha ezi-3. Ngokucacileyo, umyinge wamanzi accumulated ixhomekeke ngqo kwi yeetoni benqanawa. Ngoko ke, ukuba uthatha emele ezimbini, umzekelo, 8 kunye neelitha ezili-12, ukuphakama iyalingana, kwaye umahluko kuphela ubukhulu. Le mbono "amandla yombane 'kule meko iyafana kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, omnye parameters eziphembelela amandla - ubungakanani sayo. amandla ombane (E.E.) - ukukwazi Ukuqokelela nokugcina isixa esithile umbane. Naziphi na izinto conductive uba EE ethile, kuxhomekeke eziliqela iparameters. Ukuqokelelela yoyalo kunokwenzeka kwimeko apho kungekho amathuba uphuphume kwenye into ukuba umthamo ephakamileyo.

Ubuchule yombane lungabonakaliswa yi ifomula, nto leyo ethatha ingqalelo ubuchule ukuze yande isigxina (ezinokubakho - v) kunye nemali kwentlawulo (q). Designated «c» unobumba:

c = q / V

capacitance Electric ulinganiswa farads. Noko ke, ekubeni eli ubungakanani mkhulu ngokwaneleyo, kwiisekethe elektroniki kunye micro-PF isetyenziswa kakhulu. Izikhongozeli ezikhulu zisetyenziswa kuphela izixhobo ezithile kunye izibalo. Ngako oko, le isimaphambili "nama- Pico 'ayalingana 1 * 10 -6 no -12 degrees. Iinkqubo kungaba lula yakuchaza sodwa umthamo zombane ze nombhexeshi.

Masithi umqhubi, olukuye non-conductive medium ngoku, apho akukho mhlaba lwangaphandle. Ixhume ku umthombo wamandla. Ezinye electron engena isakhiwo umbandela, ukudala amandla ngokugqithiseleyo, ngamanye amazwi, ezi ntlawulo uyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi phantsi kweemeko ezithile (ukuba udale i loop). Zisasazwe phezu komhlaba kunye ezixineneyo ethile elandelwayo exhomekeke kule kuqwalaselo bendawo umqhubi kunye imilinganiso yalo. Around simahla nganye ngongoma ikhona esigangeni yombane echaphazela zonke ezinye iinxalenye nombhexeshi. Amandla ngumbhexeshi ekwanti loo ngokomlinganiselo ngqo kwisimangalo. Umlinganiselo intlawulo (q) ukuya amandla (Fi) ingqalelo ukuba umqhubi gqolo ukususela oko kuxhomekeke kuphela kwi kubungakanani (ubukhulu, imilo) kunye 'ngumlingani ka rhoqo Heating medium. Kumzekelo akukho ilize bebonakalise Explorer yodwa. Ukuba kukho ecaleni nakweyesibini imizimba, izityholo iyunithi intsimi yombane uqhutyelwe kwi ezingqonge olawulo anokubakho uphawu esahlukileyo, echaphazela ixabiso lokugqibela (leyo ezincinci).

Isiqalelo elula usebenzisa iimpawu baziqwebele umbane - yinto capacitor. It iqulathe ababhexeshi ezimbini ezahlulwe sisithuba ngento Heating. msebenzi wayo kukuba endle yombane eyakhiwe kwayo "" phakathi electrode (ekuchaseni iinxalenye izinikezeli) kwaye phantse akukho ukusebenza komzimba ejikelezileyo, yaye ngoko, amandla yomsebenzi yangaphandle kungachithwa.

Ukwandisa amandla ngeendlela ezininzi:

• ukunciphisa umsantsa phakathi electrode. Ukwehla Endless akunakwenzeka, njengoko kusenokuba isampuli non-conductive, kwaba neziphumo zokulahlekekelwa kwentlawulo;
• khetha izinto non-conductive kunye nokumelana breakdown phezulu;
• ukwandisa indawo ye amacwecwe. Ukuze agcine imilinganiselo eyamkelekileyo le capacitor etshintsha rhoqo ilungiselelo lwendawo le amacwecwe. Umzekelo, ukuhamba ezimbini ejijekileyo zibe amakhonkco ezahlulwe sisithuba i yokwambathisa.