Iintlobo zamaxabiso ekuthengiseni

Ixabiso - indleko yemveliso okanye inkonzo, echazwe ngemali. Ngokuqhelekileyo ichongiwe kwiyunithi yeempahla, ngokwexabiso lemveliso, kwinkonzo. Ixabiso lichaze ngokuchanekileyo izibonelelo ezichithwe ekuveliseni iimpahla (iinkonzo). Ezi ziquka ixabiso lezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, izinto ezibonakalayo, ixesha kunye nabasebenzi. Ixabiso liquka neendleko zokungena, ukuthengisa, ukuthengisa, ukuthengisa. Cinga ngolu hlobo kunye neendidi zamanani asetyenziswa ekuthengiseni.

Ixabiso (iinkonzo, iimpahla) -xabiso eliye laphuhliswa ngenxa yokusebenzisana phakathi komthengisi kunye nomthengi kwiimarike zeempahla ezifanayo (iinkonzo). Ziziphi iintlobo zexabiso ezikhoyo ekuthengiseni?

Intengo yemvumelwano - indleko, eyenziwa ngesivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela. Oko kukuthi, intlawulo kulo mcimbi ayikho nje, yiphumo lesivumelwano sesikhathi esisodwa phakathi komthengisi kunye nomthengi. Eli xabiso lixhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile ezikhoyo kwixesha elinikeziweyo.

Iqela "iintlobo zamaxabiso" liquka intengo yokuthenga - indleko yemveliso yabasasazo, abathengisi. Ichanekileyo kwisivumelwano sokuthengisa.

Ixabiso lentengo - iindleko zeempahla kumthengi, okwangoku kuthengisa umkhiqizo kwaye uthengise kwiipakethe zokuqala. Enye imveliso inokuphindwa kwakhona ngamaxesha amaninzi, idlula kwinani labathengisi. Kule meko, ngamnye wabo uya kukweqa ixabiso lentengo, oko kukuthi, intengo yokuthenga iya kwongezwa kumda wokuthengisa.

Intengiso yokuthengisa - ixabiso apho umdayisi athengisa khona umkhiqizo (inkonzo) kumthengi wokugqibela. Usebenzisa lo mveliso ngokwakhe, umsebenzi okanye intsapho. Intengo yokuthengisa iqulethwe ngumsebenzi wangaphambili wokusebenzisana phakathi komthengisi kunye nomthengi. Eli xabiso lugxininiswe kwixabiso lentengo okanye kwisivumelwano sokuthengisa. Ukuthengwa kwemveliso okanye inkonzo, umthengi uyavumelana nexabiso lokuthengisa. Yakhiwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umgangatho werhwebo ngokubanzi-uphuhliso lwenkonzo (inzuzo, iindleko zentengiso, imivuzo yabasebenzi, ukugcinwa kwempahla, njl.). Uluhlu lwexabiso - uluhlu lwamagama eempahla (iinkonzo) kunye namanani kubo, onokufunyanwa bobabini njengomthengi jikelele kunye nomthengi wentengiso.

Iintlobo zamaxabiso zihlelwe ngokwemiqathango elandelayo:

1. Ngexesha lezenzo:

- rhoqo;

- okwethutyana:

• Amaxabiso ngexesha elinye;

• Ixabiso lexesha lesabelo;

• Xabiso lonyaka.

2. Kwiqela elithile labathengi:

- amaxabiso avulekileyo;

Amanani athile:

• Kubahwebi;

• Kubahambisa;

• Kwiqela elithile lemarike;

• Kwiimarike zendawo;

• Iimarike zoshishino;

• Iindleko ezikhethekileyo kubathengi abaqhelekileyo.

3. Ngokuxhomekeka kwishishini:

Ixabiso lokuthengisa;

Ixabiso lokuthenga;

Ixabiso lokuthengisa;

Uqikelelo lwezakhiwo zokwakha: uluhlu lweendleko zempahla, umvuzo kubasebenzi, njl njl.

Intlawulo yokuthuthwa kwabagibeli kunye nemithwalo - iqokelelwa yimibutho yezithuthi ukusuka kubemi kunye nabathungi;

- Ixabiso leenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezinikezelwa kubemi - intengo yokuthengiswa kwezindlu kunye neenkonzo zentlalo, iinkonzo zabathengi, ukunxibelelana, njl njl.

4. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimfundo, ezi ntlobo zentengo ziyahlukana:

Amaxabiso athatyathwayo - asetyenziswa rhoqo kwizinto ezizimeleyo. Oko kukuthi, urhulumente ulawula iindleko zotywala, utywala, isinkwa, njl;

Amanani akhululekile - amanani akhiwa phantsi kwefuthe lokubonelela kunye nokufuna;

- Amanani asepresti akhiwa ngabantu abacebileyo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwexabiso eliphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu weempahla ;

- amaxabiso okudlulisa amiselwa phakathi kwamashishini amabini. Isiseko yintengo yemarike okanye iindleko.

Iintengo zokuthumela ngaphandle - iindleko ezihlawulwayo xa kuthengiswa umda othile wemveliso. Ezi xabiso ziquka:

• Imisebenzi yamasiko ;

• Ininshurensi;

• Imirhumo yempahla;

• Ukulayisha nokulayisha iindleko;

• Iindleko zothutho nabanye.

Sihlolisise zonke iintlobo zeentengo ekuthengiseni.