I-Offshore Yintoni na? Indlela yokuvula inkampani ye-offshore?

Iparadesi yeRhafu kunye ne-oasis - amagama anjalo anokuva malunga nawo ngokwase-offshore. Benza ntoni? Iyiphi indlela yokusebenza kwabo? Ndingayivula njani inkampani ye-offshore? Ngaba zikhona kwiRussia Federation? Le mibuzo, kunye nabanye abaninzi, iya kuqwalaselwa ngathi kwisikhokelo sale nqaku.

Yintoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-offshore?

Le yigama leendawo zoqoqosho apho imali kunye nemithetho yerhafu iguquguquka okanye ayizange ivelelwe nhlobo. Kuzo, irhafu yerhafu ingafikelela kwizinga lokungabikho kweentlawulo ngqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezisemagqabini anxweme zentlalo yamahhala, iindawo ezincinci okanye iindawo ezithile apho oomashishini bendawo nabangaphandle bangabhaliswa, phantsi kolawulo olukhethiweyo lwerhafu. Phantse nawaphi na ilizwe kwiqela elithile lingaba njengesiphephelo kulabo abanqwenela ukuhlawula ngaphantsi. Ukubonisa ukuba amabhizinisi anjalo asebenzisa igama elithi "inkampani yase-offshore".

Mthetho

Ulawulo lwe-Offshore lusekelwe kumgaqo wokuhlala kwenkampani. Isekelwe kwindawo yendawo. Iinkampani ezinjalo ziqhuba iimveliso zoshishino lwaphesheya kwintsimi apho ibhaliswe khona. Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yokuba ezi zifundo zobomi boqoqosho zifumana ukukhululeka komthwalo werhafu. Kodwa oku akusiyo kuphela inzuzo. Ngoko ke, iinkampani ze-offshore zinemali yokuzimela, kunye nenani leenzuzo kummandla wesithethe, ubhaliso kunye nolawulo lokulawula. Oku kwenziwa konke ukubonelela ngolwazi oluyimfihlo malunga nomnini wamanje, kunye nobubanzi beenkampani.

Kubaluleka kwe-ashore

Ezi zinto zizo zifundo, siye sahlukana. Ziyiphi indima abayidlalayo? Ukuze siqonde ukulinganisa kwesi siqalo, sinika amanani ambalwa. Ingqikithi kukho amaziko angaphezu kwama-100 ase-offshore. Inkulu kubo:

1. IPanama. Ngeli xesha, iinkampani ezingaphezu kwama-340 ezibhalisiweyo.
2. Iziqithi zaseVirgin. Ngeli xesha, iinkampani ezingaphezu kwamawaka amabini zibhaliswe.
3. Ireland. Ngeli xesha, iinkampani ezingaphezu kwe-150 ezibhalisiweyo.

Phantse isiqingatha se-capital total revenue amount is due to the use of centrally located. Inqanaba elinye lotyalo-mali lwedlula ngaphezu kwama-dollar ayi-500! Iyonke i cententi inezobugcisa bayo. Ngoko, iibhanki zikhetha i-Luxembourg, iSwitzerland okanye iHong Kong, kanti ngenxa yokubambisa - iNetherlands okanye iLiechtenstein. Amaziko akhethwe ngokubhekiselele kwiimilinganiselo zokulungisa iindleko kwimisebenzi yokurhweba.

Ngaba iinkampani ezinxweme ezisebenzisekayo kwiRussia Federation?

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezo ndawo zizisa ingeniso kuphela kwilizwe apho zidalwe khona. Ngoko, ilahleko ngenxa yokurhoxiswa kweenzuzo ezingakhokhwanga irhafu zifikelela kumawaka amabhiliyoni eeruble. Ngoku bathetha ngokuzithemba ngamashumi amawaka eenkampani ezisemaphandleni ezisekelwe ngabafuduka baseRashiya. Ngokweminye idatha, inani lezi zihloko liyakuboniswa kwinani eliphindwe lilishumi kunezibalo zobume.

Ngaba ukusebenzisa le mithetho yomthetho?

Umthetho weRussian Federation unikeza iinkampani zangaphandle zomthetho ilungelo lokuqhuba imisebenzi yokurhweba ngokulinganayo kunye neenkampani zendawo. Ngoko ke, eRussia, imisebenzi ye-offshore isemthethweni ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba uthembele kwidata yenkonzo yesitatistiki, ukuqinisekiswa kwalokhu kukukhula rhoqo kwinani kunye nomthamo wokuthengiselana nabo. Imisebenzi yamagumbi ase-offshore ilawulwa ngqo ngumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Enyanisweni, kufuneka bahambisane nezenzo zesizwe, kodwa ngeengxabano zabo, zangaphambili zinezibonelelo. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezisemaphandleni akukhuseli kuphela impahla yeenkampani kunye nokunciphisa irhafu, kodwa kunceda ekufikeleleni kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe.

Kutheni ubhalisa inkampani ye-offshore?

Ukukhula kokungazinzi kwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko, iinkqubo zokubambisana kwehlabathi kunye neentlawulo ezikhulayo zizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuba kutheni abashishini bezentengiso bekhetha ezo ndawo ukukhusela impahla kunye nokutyalomali. Yaye enikwe ukuba le yindlela esemthethweni yokunciphisa irhafu, ikwavumela ukuba ufumene iingeniso kunye nezibonelelo ezingekho kwiilizwe lakho lasekhaya. Ukongezelela, kusekho namacala amnandi:

1. Ukungabikho kobukhosi.
2. Imfihlo.
3. Ulawulo lweengozi.

Ngoko ke, abanomashishini abaninzi banomdla kwindlela onokubhalisa ngayo inkampani ye-offshore.

Isakhelo somthetho

Isici samashishini ase-offshore ngumthwalo onoxanduva lwabatyalomali. Umthetho, ohlinzekela ukuthintela kweshishini njengobumbano wezomthetho kummandla woxanduva njengommeli ngamnye, waqala ukuqala kwiXesti yeXIX. Kwaye nanamhla, ukucaciswa kweenkampani kubanini kunye nabaqondisi kukuvumela ukuba unciphise ilahleko ezithwala abantu xa kwenzeka umsebenzi wezoqoqosho ongaphumeleli. Lo mgaqo uyasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa irhafu. Ngoko ke, abahlali bamazwe abanezinga eliphezulu lentlawulo kwaye basebenzise iinkampani zasemaphandleni ukuze bafumane imali engaphezulu, kuba baya kuthotywa irhafu phantsi kwemithetho yelizwe lobhaliso.

Nguwuphi ulawulo olufanelekileyo lokukhetha?

Kuphelele kukho amaziko angaphezulu kwama-100. Kwaye ukhetho lolawulo olufanelekileyo ludinga indlela yokunyamekela kule ngxaki. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili kumazwe apho imeko yezopolitiko ezinzile kunye nokuzinza kwezoqoqosho. Ukuba kubalulekile, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthetho uqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwemfihlo yomnini. Nje ngezinye iimeko, unokukhetha iimfuno zokunika ingxelo kunye nokuphicothwa, ubukho bolawulo lwemali, kunye neenkqubo ezibalulekileyo zebhanki. Kwakhona kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kukho izivumelwano ezikhoyo ukukhusela ukuhlawulwa kabini kwe- offshore kunye nelizwe apho uphuhliso olucwangcisiweyo. Iqela elongezelelweyo lemiba linokubakho kwiindleko zokubhalisa inkampani, kunye nokufumana iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo ezifanelekileyo.

Ubhalisa njani inkampani ye-offshore?

Ekuqaleni, igama lihlolwe. Umgaqo wentleko yenzelwe ukuyenza ukuze ungabonakali njengamanye amabhanki aphakanyisiweyo. Kule meko, umbhalisi unokwenqaba. Kwakhona kukho ukuvinjelwa nokusetyenziswa kwamagama athile: ubukhosi, urhulumente kunye njalo. Kwabanye, ilayisenisi iyadingeka: ibhanki, i-inshurensi, imali kunye nokunye. Kukho nobunqandelelo kwi-share share capital: kwi-Isle of Man uya kufuna iilidi ezilikhulu lamawaka aseBrithani. Unako ukwenza imali enkulu. Kodwa kaninzi kukho iirhafu zonyaka ezikhutshwayo kwi-capital, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kungeniswa endaweni. Ulawulo lwenziwa ngoncedo lwezabelo. Ziza ezimbini iintlobo: kubhalisiwe kunye nomphathi. Kwimeko yokuqala, isatifikethi sibonisa ngubani umnini. Umthengi uvumelekile ukuba anikeze imfihlo enkulu, kodwa ukuba uxwebhu lu lahlekile kuya kuba nzima ukubonisa ukuba ungumnikazi wekampani. Yiyo ke iinkampani ezinxweme. Siye saqwalasela ukuba zezi zifundo zimela ntoni. Kwakukho ulwazi jikelele. Ngoku makhe sijonge e-asethi eRashiya.

Imeko eRussian Federation

Izinzuzo zokusebenza kwiinkampani zethu ze-offshore kukuba akunandaba nokuba umsebenzi uqhutyelwa njani - iintlawulo zihlawulwa kwindawo yokubhalisa. Ukuba konke kuya kuba lula, kodwa, hayi, akunjalo. Enyanisweni, kufuneka sibhekane neengxaki ezininzi kunye neengxaki:

1. Xa udala ummandla waseRussia, ungacingi ukuba yonke into iya kuba yinto elula njengezinye. Ukunciphisa umthwalo werhafu okanye ukugcina imfihlo, akukho nethemba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba uthelekisa kunye nokuqonda okuqhelekileyo kwe-offshore, ukutyunjwa kulwalamano oluqinileyo.
2. Iingxaki ngeenkonzo zerhafu zendawo. Ukuba inkampani ayisebenzi kwindawo yokubhalisa, kuya kufuneka ukuba unike iinkcazo malunga nesicwangciso somsebenzi kumagosa asekuhlaleni. Kwaye, ngenxa yokungafuni ukurhoxiswa kweemali ezivela kwibhajethi yendawo ukuya kwizifundo ezikude zenkxaso, kubalulekile ukulungiselela ukungqinelana okukhulu kule nkqubo.
3. Ngenxa yokuba inkampani ibhekwa njengenhlangano esemthethweni yaseRussia, ingxelo yenyanga nganye iyimfuneko. Konke oku kuya kufuneka kwenziwe, kwaye kwindawo yokubhalisa!
4. Nangona iimeko ezintle, njengexabiso lentlawulo ephantsi, kuyakufuneka ukuba wenze iintlawulo zenyanga zenyanga. Ubungakanani babo buhluka ngoxhomekeke kummandla woqoqosho.
5. Ngokuqhelekileyo unokuva izikhalazo ezivula i- akhawunti yesiqhelo sezimali ukwenza i shishini elipheleleyo lilukhuni njengento eqhelekileyo yomthetho waseRussia.

Kule nto sinokugqiba ukuba ukuvula inkampani kwindawo ekhethekileyo yoqoqosho ngaphakathi kweli lizwe alinayo inzuzo enje. Ngako oko, unako ukuva ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-offshore eRashiya, kwaye esikhundleni sayo kuvulwa ishishini ngaphandle.

Ziziphi iindawo zemali ezikhoyo?

Ekugqibeleni, siyacebisa ukuba sifumane ukuba yeyiphi amazwe asekuhlaleni. Mhlawumbi ngelinye ilanga uza kuvula inkampani yakho kuzo. Ngoko, uludwe lweenkampani ezisemaphandleni:

1. Kwi-offshore. I-Panama, iDominica, i-Seychelles, i-Belize, i-Mauritius, i-Saint Kitts ne-Nevis.
2. Lawulo lwaseYurophu. IRiphabhlikhi yaseCzech, iSlovakia, i-Holland, iBulgaria, iSwitzerland, i-Great Britain, iPoland, i-Estonia, iLatvia.
3. ZaseAsia. Hong Kong, eSingapore.
4. Amagunya athile. USA, Canada, eNew Zealand, eMzantsi Afrika.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, yonke into icacile, kodwa makhe sikhulume ngokuthe ngqo malunga neenkampani ezithile ze-offshore. Iyintoni isikhungo sezimali rhoqo? Le ntsimi eneentlawulo eziphantsi. Kwiqela lesine baphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa irhafu ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ekugqibeleni isiphumo, umthetho weerhafu awuyi kuchasani kakhulu kwizinto ezikwinqanaba lase-classic, nangona izinga labo lingayi kufezwa.