Ukubhalwa kwempahla yeempahla kunye nemveliso

Ukumakisha okhethekileyo kwiimpahla ngendlela yebhawudi ibonwa ngabantu bonke, kodwa akusiyo wonke umntu onokukhipha ulwazi kuye. Okwangoku, usebenza njengomgcini wolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nemveliso kwaye ngumncedisi oyintloko kwingxelo yeempahla ezithengiswa nayiphi na ishishini lokurhweba.

Ngubani owamise ibhakhodi

Ingcamango yokudala ikhowudi equkethe ulwazi oluyisiseko malunga nomkhiqizo nguBernard Silver, umfundi ophumelele kwiDrexel University of Philadelphia.

Emva kokuba azame zonke iindlela zokumakisha, wahlala kwiindlela ezibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweenkiki ze-ultraviolet. I-teknoloji yabonakala ingaphelelekanga - ukusetyenziswa kwale nkino kwakubiza ngexabiso lemali, kwaye babetha ngexesha lexesha kwaye babulala ngokukhawuleza ngokupheleleyo.

Impembelelo yokudala ibhakhodi yayiyikhowudi ye-Morse, iipaliti eziguqulwe ngeSiliva kunye nokudibanisa kumgca, ukufumana indlela engcono yokumakisha.

Ibhawudi ibonakale ngo-1949, kodwa ukungabi naso kwezixhobo ezizodwa ukufunda ukufunda kuye kwathintela ukuqaliswa kokuphuhliswa kwexesha elifanelekileyo kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo. Ukudibanisa ulwazi malunga nemveliso, lusetyenziswe iminyaka engama-10 kamva, xa kubakho iikhomputha kunye nezixhobo zelayisensi.

Ekuqaleni, ibhakhodi ibenomfanekiso ovalwe, kwaye imveliso yokuqala eyathengiswa ngokuskena ulwazi kuye kwakuyi-chewing gum "Wrigley" (1974).

Ulwazi olubhaliweyo kwibhakhodi

Okwangoku, phantse yonke imveliso inekhowudi ekhethekileyo. Umvelisi unelungelo lokungawusebenzisi kwimpahla, kodwa kulo mzekelo ukusetyenziswa kwawo kuya kuba nzima okanye akunjalo kunokwenzeka - ininzi yeziveliso aziwamkeli iimveliso ngaphandle kwebhakhodi.

Le ngcaciso elandelayo ifihliwe kuyo:

• Izwe elivela kuyo;
• Umenzi;
• Ikhowudi yomkhiqizo.

Indlela yokulungisa ibhakhodi

I-European Standard Barcode (i-EAN) inamadijithi ayi-13, ngaphantsi kaninzi - 8 (isetyenziswe kwiiphakheji ezincinci kakhulu), amadijithi ayi-14 anesimo se-ITF. Idijithi nganye ibhalwe ngokubetha kunye neendawo zokufunda ulwazi kwidivayisi.

Iimpawu zokuqala ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 - ikhowudi yelizwe apho umveliso wenziwe khona. Iikhowudi eziqhelekileyo zi:

• 30 - 37 - eFransi;
• 45 - 49 - Japan;
• 50 - Great Britain;
• 84 ngeSpain;
• 400 - 440 - eJamani;
• 460 - 469 - iRashiya;
• 690 - iChina;
• 481 - iBelarus;
• 890 - iIndiya.

Amadijithi ama-5 alandelayo abelwe ngumzimba ogunyazisiweyo welizwe ngalinye kumenzi.

Amanani, ngaphandle kweyokugqibela, yikhowudi yeempahla, ezisekwa ngumenzi. La manani aqukethe idatha yokuchonga - igama, inqaku, ibakala, ubungakanani, umbala, isisindo, njl.

Idijithi yokugqibela yekhowudi yikhowudi yokulawula, iqinisekisa ubungqina besicelo kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, iimveliso.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ubungqina bemveliso enebhawudi

Imveliso yeebharcoding kunye nemveliso ikwenza lula umsebenzi wabakhiqizi, iinkampani zokusebenza, iimpahla zokuthengisa. Ukongezelela, umntu ngamnye unokujonga izinto eziqinisekisiweyo ngezibalo ze-arithmetic, esebenzisa iinombolo eziprintiweyo kwibhakhodi.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba le ndlela ayinaso isiqiniseko se-100%, kuba kunokwenzeka ukubeka umkhiqizo ongeyiphutha okanye umkhiqizo wokutya kwindawo yokupakisha yokuqala.

Ukulandelelana kokubala kuku okulandelayo (idijithi yokutshekisha ayizange ilandelwe):

• Beka ndawonye onke amanani akwiindawo ezithile;
• Yandisa inani eli-3;
• Yongeza amanani kwiindawo ezingaqhelekanga;
• Hlanganisa iziphumo ezifunyenwe kwizenzo ezimbini zangaphambili;
• Ukususela kwimali, susa idijithi yokuqala;
• Ukususa kwi-10 yesiphumo sokugqibela.

Iimveliso zithathwa njengento yokuqala xa iziphumo zokubala zihambelana nenani lokukhangela.

Umzekelo - iimpahla ngekhowudi ye-bar 8904091116621:

• 9 + 4 + 9 + 1 + 6 + 2 = 31;
• 31 x 3 = 93;
• 8 + 0 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 6 = 16;
• 93 + 16 = 109;
• Ukususela kwimiphumo idijithi yokuqala isusiwe, iyavela ngo-09, isithi 9;
• 10 - 9 = 1.

Umfanekiso 1 uhambelana nenani lokutshekisha, oku kunika izizathu zokucinga ukuba le mveliso iyimvelaphi.

Ulwazi lufundwa njani?

Okwangoku, ubugcisa be-barcoding yeempahla kukuvumela ukuba ubhale umthamo omkhulu wolwazi, kwaye iikhowudi zebhar ziya kusebenza ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ngendlela yamatrices amancinci.

Imibutho echaphazelekayo ekuthuthweni, ukwamkelwa kunye nokuthengiswa kweemveliso, uyibeke kwirejista kwinkqubo yokubhalwa kwempahla. Ukwandisa ukulawula ukunyakaza kwabo, ukuya kutshengiswa kumsebenzisi wokugqibela, ikhompyuter kunye ne-scanner laser.

Iimitha ze-Laser, ukufumana kwibhakhodi, ukulungisa utshintsho ekuboniseni ukukhanya. Ingcaciso malunga nalezi zinguqu iza kwikhompyutheni ngendlela yobunqakraza, ibhalwe ngekhowudi kwi-bar code. Ukuthelekiswa kweempawu ezifunyenweyo kunye nalabo abakwiziko ledatha kuqalisiwe. Ukuba umdlalo ochanekileyo ufunyanwa, ulwazi luyaboniswa kwisikrini.

Ukubhalwa kwempahla yeempahla kukuvumela ukuba ufumane ulwazi oluyimfuneko kwiqhezu yesibini, elula kakhulu inkqubo yokubathutha.

Ukubhalwa kwempahla kwi-1C

Eminye imibutho ikhetha ukusebenzisa inkqubo yazo yokukhangela ibhondi ukuze kube lula ukulandelela ukuhamba kwabo kwangaphakathi. Ukongezelela, xa ukwamkelwa, ingqibelelo yepakethe ingahlawulwa, nto leyo eya kwenza ukuba inqubo yokukhangela ingenzeki. Kule meko, ukudala ibhakhodi yakho kukufuneka.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokufunda ayicotha, kuyacetyiswa ukusebenzisa iikhowudi ezizodwa.

Kwiprogram ye-1C: 8.2, ukulungiswa kweempahla kuyenziwa kumakhadi okutyunjwa. Iikhowudi zeBhar ziboniswa kuwo onke amacwecwe kwi-"Products" ithebhu, kwiluhlu lwezinto.

Ukuba, ngenxa yesizathu esithile, ulwazi lwebhakhodi alufundwa ngu-scanner, kunokwenzeka ukuba ungene ngesandla usebenzisa "Faka ibhakhodi" okanye "I-barcode search".

Ukubhalwa kweempahla kwiirhweba zokuthengisa

Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zebhacoding kwiivenkile zokuthengisa kuza kunceda ngeendlela ezininzi:

• Ukuphunyezwa;
• Ukunika ingxelo ngokunyakaza kwithuba (umzekelo, ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina ukuya kwindawo yokuthengisa);
• Ixabiso;
• Ukusekwa kwenkqubo yokuphuhlisa.

Ukuphumeza ngempumelelo inkqubo yokufunda ngokuzenzekelayo, kufuneka uqulunqe iiparitha eziyimfuneko kwi-1C inkqubo kunye nezinto zokuthenga.

Izicwangciso zenkqubo ziguqulwa kwiithebhu: "Gcina", "iindawo zokugcina", "Iimveliso", "amaxabiso", "izaphulelo", "amalungelo okufikelela".

Izixhobo zokusebenza eziyimfuneko zi:

• I-scanner - i-wired okanye i-wireless, isitolo esincinci sevenkile siya kufuna esinye isithwebuli esiphethwe ngesandla;
• Umgcini-zobhaliso wezezimali - ugcina ulwazi kwimemori kwaye uphendule, ukusebenza kwayo kulawulwa yesoftware efakwe kwikhompyutha;
• Iphrinta yamabhile okushicilela - kwindawo apho amathegi amanani atsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo ashicilelwa, abashicileli bamancinci abancinci bafanelekile.

Kuze kube yimhla, ukusetyenziswa kweebhawudidi kuvumela ixesha elifutshane ukufumana yonke inkcazelo ebalulekileyo malunga nayiphi na imveliso kwaye yenze inkqubo yokuhamba ngayo ngokukhawuleza.