I-Olekminsky igcinwe: inkcazo. Iiflora kunye nezilwanyana

Kwabaninzi abantu, i-Yakutia yindawo apho kunzima ukuya khona. Abambalwa kakhulu abahambahamba bacinga ngohambo lwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ukudeka nokufikeleleka akusiyo isizathu sokunqabela uhambo oluhle kwiRiphabhulikhi yaseSakha.

Inkcazelo

Ngubani othabatha ukubuyela kwi-Yakutia, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo a tyelele i-Olekma Reserve yaseburhulumenteni, esekelwe ngo-1984. Itholakala kumanqumla e-Stanovoi Range kwinqanaba le-Aldan Plateau, elidlulela kwiPlateau Plateau. Indawo yendawo yokugcina indawo i-847108 hektare. Indawo ekufutshane nayo i-80 km, ngoko i-flora kunye nemfuyo yeendawo ezigcinwe kuyo ayinakuchaphazeleka ngokuchasene nabantu.

Igama logcino livela egameni loMlambo i-Olekma, ogqithisela kwiindawo zasendulo ezisemantla. I-Olekminsky Reserve (Yakutia, iPhabliki yaseSakha) ifakwe kwiluhlu lwezendalo zendalo ezikhuselekile.

Kule ndawo uhlala nenani elikhulu le-moose, inyamazane nezinye izilwane. Kwiindawo ezigcinwe kuyo kukho iintlobo zezityalo ezingama-654. Yaye iindawo ezihlaba umxhwankqonkqo nakwiindawo ezihamba phambili.

Indawo kunye namaminerali

Ukukhululeka kwendawo yokugcinwa kwempahla kubunjwe kwiintaba, ezintabeni nase-tundra-goltsovyh, ezinokufikelela ubude beemitha ezili-1. Okwangoku, iinkqubo zokuguqulwa kwentuthuko ziyenzeka, okokuqala, oku kukunyaniseka kwemibhobho yomlambo. Ubuncwane bunobusika obude obude kunye nehlobo lasehlobo. Indawo ye-Olekminsky ifumaneka kwintsimi ye-permafrost, ubukhulu boluhlu lufika kuma-100-200 cm, kwiqondo lokushisa lika-4 ° C. Ehlobo iqondo lokushisa liphuma ukusuka +37 ° C ukuya kwi-40 ° C.

Kwintsimi ye-Olekminsky igcinwe kukho imilambo engama-85. U-Olekma ungomnye wemilambo esemininzi yolondolozo lwamazwe, inkunzi enkulu yeLena. Yindlu kwikhaya elikhethekileyo kunye neelma, i-moose graze ngaselunxwemeni, kunye neebhere ezimnyama ziza kucima ukoma kwazo. Imizobo yoLwandle efunyenwe kufuphi noMlambo i-Olekma ithathwa njengezikhumbuzo zendalo. Izazinzulu kunye nabahambi abaye bavakashela i-Olekma River bathi i-water is transparent, kodwa imnyama kakhulu.

Umlambo u-Amga uvela kwiindawo ze-Aldan plateau kwaye uhamba ngeekhilomitha eziyi-150 kunye ne-Olekminsky Nature Reserve ngasentla. Ingxenye ephezulu ye-Amga yi-site yokugcina indawo engabonakaliyo kwaye ingafunyanwa.

I-Tuolba ngumlambo ophumayo apho kwafunyanwa izilwanyana zezilwanyana zangaphambili.

Amachibi kwindawo yokugcina indawo ayimbalwa. Inkulu kunazo zonke zihlala kwindawo yesiganeko sezulu saseJikimda. Kwezinye, kukho intlanzi.

I-Olekminsky Reserve inezibambiso ezimbini ze-iron ore. Kwakhona wafumana idiphozithi zegolide, idizithi ze-crystal yamatye, i-quartz kunye ne-polychrome tourmaline.

Imifuno ye-Olekminsky

Ininzi yolondolozo lwendalo ulusi. Amatye awenza amahlathi ahlala malunga ne-88% kwintsimi. Indawo ye-Olekminsky ithathwa njengento ebonakalayo yamahlathi ase-Southern Yakutia. Ukongezelela, ummeli oyintloko weentyatyambo yi-flower yeSardana kunye ne-Golden Rhododendron. Kwintsimi yesigcino, iindidi ezingama-34 zezityalo ezinqabileyo (isihlangu seVenus, i-calypso onion, njl. Njl), ezidweliswe kwiBlack Book, zikhula. Iintlobo ezingama-65 ezivela kwi-Yakut Red Book, umzekelo, intsimbi ye-Addan.

Iimitha zihlala ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye yendawo yolawulo lwendalo. Uhlaza lweMarsh: i-cedar-stlanic peat bogs, i-sphagnous, i-hypnotic mosses, i-cassandra calyx, i-blueberry, i-cranberry.

Indawo ye-Olekminsky (izilwanyana)

Ihlabathi lezilwanyana liqheleke kakhulu kwiNyakatho ye-Asia kwaye limelelwa ziintlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-40 zezilwanyana, umzekelo, ibhere elimnyama, i-chipmunk kunye neentlobo eziyi-180 zeentaka.

Kwiindawo ezigcinwe kuyo, kukho iintlobo zeentaka zeentaka, ngokomzekelo, i-hazel grouse, i-hazel grouse, iintlobo zase-East Siberian, umzekelo, i-flytrap, i-nightingale, iintlobo zezilwanyana zasemzantsi (i-finch, i-black swift, iinqanawa). Ihlabathi lamanzi lilonke ezili-18 iintlobo zeentlanzi (i-grayling, lenok, njl.). Kwaye kukho iindawo ezinamaqhekeza, iindidi eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-viviparous lizards.

Ukulahlekelwa kwindawo yokugcina indawo kufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo, ngaphandle kweentaba ezingenanto. Ukufikelela okuphezulu kweTuolba kunye neendawo zokutshisa ezindala zikhangeleka kakhulu kwi-elk. Kukho abantu abangama-500.

Inani elikhulu le-musk deer labhalwa kwicandelo elisentshona-ntshona yolondolozo lwamazwe, kwiindawo ezinamala, amahlathi kunye namaqatha.

Iingxowankulu zihluke kakhulu. Ehlotyeni ezi zilwanyana zikhetha izikhukhula zemilambo. Ngethuba le-rut lifumaneka kwiimimandla engaphezu kwendawo yamanzi. Izilwanyana ezingabandakanyeli emncintiswaneni, izikhukhula azihambi. Inani le-wapiti ngabantu abangama-200.

Ukususela ngo-Matshi, i-mink isebenzayo, idibaniswe nokukhangela ukutya kunye ne-rut. Xa uzingela iigundane ezincinci, ezi zilwanyana ziyahamba ukusuka kwibhankini lomlambo umgama omde, apho sele zilindele imithombo. I-Sobol isoloko iphumelela kwimfazwe.

Imisebenzi yenzululwazi kunye nezokhenketho

Imisebenzi yenzululwazi kunye neyamehlo yenziwe kwi-Olekminsky Reserve. Yenziwa ngabasebenzi beSebe lezenzululwazi. Ukongeza, abasebenzi baqashwa kwamanye amaziko ophando. Umsebenzi wezokhenketho uyakha, iindlela ezininzi zokutyelela zenziwa.

Indlela yokufikelela kwindawo yokugcina

Indawo yokugcina indawo ka-Olekminsky inokufikelela kwilali leKudu-Kel, elise-80 km ukusuka kumda wayo. Kwaye kwidolophana kukho isitima esivela eNeryungri.

Eyona ndlela yokukhetha ukutyelela ezi ndawo ezintle njengenxalenye yeqela lokutyelela kwiindlela ezizodwa.

Imbonakalo emangalisayo kunye nobukeka obunqabileyo benziwe ngamatye. Bahamba ukusuka emlanjeni baye emanxweme aphakamileyo aphezulu, amaninzi awo afumana amashumi amabitha ubude nobubanzi. Bonke abagqibayo ukutyelela i-Olekminsky indawo yokugcina (ifoto ifumaneka kwinqaku) baya kukwazi ukubona iindawo zomhlaba zangaphambili.