Iimpawu ezizodwa emzimbeni imichiza amanzi

"Xa ibhafu kunye yokugquma, esoloko yonke - ubuqaqawuli yanaphakade emanzini!" - ezi mibongo Korney Chukovsky eyaziwa ukususela ebuntwaneni. Amanzi ukuyo yonke. iimpawu zamanzi Physical kunye yamachiza unique, yaye la amazwi alambathayo. Ukongeza ifuthe ubomi zonke eziphilayo (sonke iqanjwa amanzi), imida lwemozulu, iintlekele kwemozulu, utshintsho umphezulu mphandle koMhlaba unxulunyaniswa ngamanzi. ezihambayo ungasuki ngexesha lokugqibela Ice Age Wayila iikhonto eYurophu yanamhlanje. Le nemisinga elwandle nefuthe lobushushu onke amazwekazi.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba amanzi abe lulwelo - amanzi ngokwako, isiqina - umkhenkce, kunye nemeko sukube - umphunga. Njengoko Enyanisweni le nto ingaqhelekanga. emzimbeni kunye chemical iimpawu ezikhethekileyo amanzi, ngokungafaniyo ukuziphatha kwezinye izinto imichiza, ube nefuthe uninzi iinkqubo ezithi zenzeke on Earth.

Xa sijonga imbali, sinokubona indlela yenkqubo enomdla. bamachiza aphakathi bazama ukwenza igolide izinyithi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ke kanye iimpawu zesinyithi basoloko safunda ngenyameko, kodwa iimpawu ezimangalisayo amanzi kuye kwatsala ingqalelo kutshanje.

kwiminyaka engama-200 eyadlulayo uluntu wayekholelwa ukuba amanzi iquka imichiza into enye, imichiza compound ayikho hydrogen neoksijini. Kobuntu selivele ukwakha izikhululo zamandla ngamanzi, zikaloliwe, iinqanawa, amandla amanzi asetyenziswa amashishini kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla, yaye isakhiwo amanzi amancinane kakhulu efunda. kwiminyaka 80 Kuphela eyadlulayo kwamanzi isotopic aye avuleka.

Makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi iimpawu zomzimba imichiza amanzi. Ngaphandle iimolekyuli H2O elula - hydrologo eyaziwa abo amanzi akhiwa digidroli (H2O) 2 kunye trigidroli (H2O) 3. Umahluko phakathi ezi zihlanganisi kukuba ngamnye kubo iqulethe akukho namnye ezimbini okanye ezintathu iimolekyuli zamanzi. Kwi imeko amanzi kuxhomekeke kwimali ezi zihlanganisi kulo.

Xa lobushushu amanzi utshintsho rate litshintsha yonke molecule sesindululo, kungeso utshintsho umgama phakathi molekyuli kunye nepesenti ngomongo lokubolekwa ezahlukeneyo. Le umphunga ibandakanya isikakhulu nemin, oku ngenxa yesantya intshukumo eliphezulu molecule e kunyuka karhulumente, nto leyo yenza kube lula ukwenza isakhiwo enkulu. Ice phezu koko, iquka trigidroli (60%), kunokuthiwa ukuba hydrologo neze. Amanzi kumafa waso ngamnye iiyunithi, kodwa ilawulwa digidroli.

Iimpawu zamanzi ngesakhiwo zichaphazela kakhulu mninzi yayo States ezahlukeneyo. Ice loxinano ngaphantsi kwe lexinene amanzi. Ngoko ke, lo umkhenkce kubonakala phezu kwamanzi imizimba yamanzi on Earth. Abemi elwandle kunye lomlambo enzonzobila musa ngumkhenkce, ikhusela kubo maleko abandayo kokulwa ngumkhenkce.

Amanzi ke sijike jikelele. Abehla Heating ichaza ukukwazi nantoni ukunyibilika, yaye ngoko ke amanzi eli xabiso yi izihlandlo eziliqela ephezulu kunolo emoyeni, singasathethi ke emoyeni. Amanzi ngohlobo lwayo ecocekileyo alifumaneki kwindalo, elwandle sele wafumana ngendibaniso ngaphezulu kwama-80 zamanzi kunye izakhi ezahlukeneyo nkqubo ngamaxesha athile. Ngoko ke, amanzi ngokoqobo isiseko ubomi emhlabeni.

Amaninzi, kukholelwa ukuba ukunyibilika - yinto impahla yamanzi, ngenxa apho siya kusela kuyo. Ukunyibilika kuyanceda ngokukhawuleza ukuphelisa umzimba kwenkunkuma kunye izinto eziphinda zisebenziseke kwaye ngaxeshanye yenza ukuba ndikuhlangule kuyimfuneko ukuze amasebe awohlukeneyo.

Kodwa ke kule meko thile wakhohlwa malunga umthamo ubushushu. Isibakala sokuba lisezantsi ubushushu bamanzi iwela lobushushu kwi 37 degrees Celsius. Kwaye ubuncinane ukusetyenziswa kwamandla obushushu ezithile ukuba utshintsho sakugcina, oko kukuthi, lokubanda yeyona isisiseko izilwanyana ezinegazi elishushu kunye nendoda. Le propati emzimbeni imichiza yamanzi kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kubomi bonke. Ukuba umzimba lo amanzi ngokwaneleyo, umntu uqalisa ukuba livila, ukuze Ndinesiyezi, iinkqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni ehla. Ngoko ke, oko kudla ngokwaneleyo ukuba usele iglasi yamanzi kwakhona bazive ngayo imilo.