Iimpawu lenkundla kunye neesimboli

Kwihlabathi kukho izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukuba asazi. uphawu lenkundla - imbono siyakuthanda yaye ukuqonda ungaziva, kodwa intsingiselo yawo epheleleyo ayikho kakhulu njengoko kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ntoni na iimpawu angumqondiso, ngendima yabo, injongo, kutheni simele sazi ukuba bakwenze.

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukuthetha ngqo malunga kwinqaku lethu, siye sijonge imbali yale mbono.

indaba

Ngoko ke, xa imiqondiso lenkundla? Le nkcazelo yokuqala kolu luvo wanikwa ngu Charles Sanders Peirce - sobulumko American kunye kwezezibalo, wenza sisiqalo isayensi semiotics. Ubomi yale Inzululwazi embindini elinethoba - kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Kule njani ukuba, xa imilinganiselo imbali, abalinganiswa angumqondiso kunye neesimboli njengengqiqo kwabonakala ukuba kudala. Noko ke, ekubeni kwenkcazo gama unenzondelelo iinguqu ezibalulekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba semiotics ka Pierce yagqitywa imfundiso yakhe ukuba uphawu lenkundla noko imele 'enye kwaye ziyafana. " Kodwa ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo, kwaye sijonge nzulu lo mbandela, uyakwazi uzibuze lo mbuzo: "Ngaba isithombe iimpawu efanayo naleyo ezotywe isifundo okanye indawo?" Ngokuqinisekileyo akunjalo.

Ubunokwazi Ukusombulula iingxaki, sesayensi Italian sobulumko Umberto Eco uqulunqe le mbono: umahluko phakathi kophawu lenkundla kunye nomfanekiso real ingakumbi ziqhele. Oko kukuthi, aze aphawule ezinye uhlobo lomfanekiso sisebenzisa ngaphambili bafumana ulwazi ngezinto kunye nezinto ezibekwe phezu kwawo.

Ekubeni on a kota ezifana semiotics, siza kuxubusha oko ngakumbi.

Yintoni semiotics?

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, eli gama libhekisela ngenzululwazi, nto leyo yinxalenye Ezolimi. Evelayo kuyo kutshanje yaye ukususela ngoko iye ayenziwa kakhulu. Namhlanje ke ukuhlahlelwa kwezicatshulwa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo - imbambano ebalulekileyo, kuquka amaziko kunye nophando amaqela yonke izazinzulu.

Ngoncedo semiotics naluphi na ulwazi enokubonwa kokubhaliweyo. Kwaye oku peculiarity wayo. Ulwazi kwitekisi zinganikezelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kuquka wazana kuthi ngomlomo (okanye ngomlomo) kunye nomyalezo lenkundla. Ingcamango lemiyalezo angumqondiso nazo zibandakanywe, kunye nevidiyo. Ngapha koko, namhlanje isixa esikhulu yomxholo osetyenzisiweyo ngabantu. Ividiyo - oku ngokwenene iseti imiqondiso zophawu oluthile, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kwevidiyo ayikho.

Enyanisweni, semiotics akukho isayensi elula efana, njengoko kubonakala. Apha, ngokomzekelo, nokuba imifanekiso ukuba kudla njengomongo kuninzi print-elektroniki, njengoko lenkundla, ukuze, ke, ezinokuchazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuze siqonde umqondiso, ngengqiqo apho kufuneka senze oko, njengokuba umthetho, gqabaza: uzenzele umsayino okanye umbhalo osezanti ephepheni.

Siye saxubusha umsebenzi semiotics njenge inzululwazi njengesixhobo uhlahlelo kwisicatshulwa. Nangona kunjalo, asiyi kungena iinkcukacha uze uqhubeke ngqo kumxholo webali yethu. Kwaye siza iqale nge nkcazelo.

Yintoni imiqondiso lenkundla?

Computer kubalulekile abalinganiswa ezahlukeneyo. Kubandakanya lenkundla. Oku, njengoko unokuthekelela, i icon kwi desktop. Zinelungelo ukufana ngqo into echongiweyo. Malunga wazi imiqondiso angumqondiso in Ezolimi. Omnye zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze uphawu esinjalo sivumelane wayo (ukufana) kunye into echongiweyo. Ebomini bethu, ukuba asetyenziswe kakhulu ngenkuthalo. Umzekelo, umqondiso wendlela esebenza, ebonisa indawo yehambo yabo. Kodwa zange uqale mzekelo ixhaphakileyo. Mhlawumbi esizaziyo kakhulu ingxelo ukuba onke Smilies kunye icons ukuba sisebenzise, bephawula kwinto ethile okanye ukuvakalisa uluvo lwakhe kwi social networks, nabo imiqondiso lenkundla.

Ke kaloku, ngomhla ukuya kwenye kwezona ezibalulekileyo eli nqaku. Kufuneka ukuchonga aqonde umahluko phakathi iimpawu angumqondiso kunye neesimboli. Kubonakala ngathi le yinto enye, kuba kuqala ngenene yesibini. Noko ke, kukho iindledlana enkulu, ithetha umlinganiswa othile umqondiso lenkundla ngokwahlukeneyo.

Hi ndlela leyi, imizekelo nje loonobumba angumqondiso kunye neempawu ungabona ngezantsi.

umahluko

Oonobumba ezahlukileyo iimpawu lenkundla? Enyanisweni kukho mnye kuphela umahluko esisiseko. Cinga umlinganiswa into, ezifana into imichiza. Kuyinto enye okanye ezimbini oonobumba (kwi table yangoku ngokwenene apho neleta emithathu) alphabet. Bathi akukho uxhulumaniso ngqo kunye atom kuye. Xa sijonga le njengomfuziselo element imichiza, akunakwenzeka ukuba athi ngaphandle kokuba ulwazi oluthile kwicandelo chemistry, njengoko, umzekelo, ovela na iqokobhe sayo, okanye indlela unako ukwakha ubuhlobo. Ngaloo ndlela, uphawu ziyalandeleka njenge ikhowudi ethile, isitshixo edulusele ezingqondweni zethu. Kwaye ukuba awuyazi into igama element kwemichiza bufihlakele emva ubuntu bakhe, akuthandeki ukuba baqashele ngayo, uhlalutyo ezinye iimpawu zayo okanye iipropati.

Elinye ibali ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo kunye nabalinganiswa lenkundla. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu aqonde lula into busengozini. Xilaveko nayiphi na ipateni enjalo liyabonakala, kunye nokufana kunye isixhobo ukuba umele. Kungenjalo, i "icon" ulahlekelwa iipropati yawo eyodwa kwaye luba uphawu. Sele banikwe umzekelo uphawu kwicandelo edlulileyo, kodwa Makhe sihlolisise omnye ukuze ukulungiswa. Ngamnye kuthi waqaphela, ukuya kwindlu zangasese, imiqondiso ukuze isebe inkunzi nemazi. Njengomgaqo, zenziwe ngohlobo yamanani amadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Ondele kubo, siyaqonda ngaphandle ezibonisayo eminye bani na le nto okanye ucango. Kwaye yiloo inzuzo eziphambili iimpawu lenkundla.

Lifikile ixesha lokuthetha ngecandelo lweendima. Ngapha koko, siphila 'isandla ngesandla "kunye nabalinganiswa, kunye nabalinganiswa lenkundla.

Indima iimpawu kunye nemiqondiso

Kwicandelo elidlulileyo, kuninzi okuye kwabhalwa ngomahluko Sixoxa amagama. Iimpawu zophawu, imizekelo esifunde ngazo apha ngentla, kwakunye ngabalinganiswa, ube umsebenzi ebalulekileyo ngolwimi lwethu yaye kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Xa imvume yakho, siza kusebenzisa kwabo bayimizekelo eziziphumo kwicandelo odlulileyo, kuba ingcaciso entsha.

Ke apho zonke ziyafana umgaqo ukusetyenziswa iisimboli kunye uphawu lenkundla? Kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukuba libhekisela bhetele into ngendlela ethile? It intle elula, kwaye mhlawumbi mnandi. Masithi kufuneka umlinganiselo othile inkcazelo ukuba kufuneka imali lomqondiso wamva. Nendalo yawo, kufuneka ukuqonda, iza kuba ngumqondiso lenkundla, okanye izinto zokomfuziselo. Ewe, lo icon Kulula ukuqonda ngokukhawuleza ukuze ukhumbule, kodwa uphawu unako ukubeka inkcazelo engakumbi, nangona efuna umhlobo kwangaphambili. Ngokomzekelo, xa ubhalo-athom of imichiza zifakwe eninzi inkcazelo: bona yomoya ifomula, singatsho nangoko yakha inani iibhondi atom nganye, okanye ukubala inani electron yayo. Konke oku Bulelani ukuba ulwazi lwethu chemistry, ezenza izinto kwimeko anikiweyo njenge "idikhowuda" ikhowudi yokomfuziselo yobuchopho bethu.

Emva kwako konke oku, kukho umbuzo ubhalo: "? Ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile ngokwe njengoko zinxulumene omnye komnye yaye nokuba elidityaniswe njani yaye phi" Icandelo elilandelayo siza kuthetha ngendlela yokusebenzisa iimpawu angumqondiso yintatheli.

Njengoko ezi zintatheli?

Kwicandelo semiotics sele sixubushe indima zabalinganiswa noqeqesha ngenkqubo izinto ezithile. Lifikile ixesha lokuba uthethe ulwazi kukhutshwa kwabo okanye ezinye izinto semiotic ekuhlalutyeni izicatshulwa.

Kukho into enje umbhalo creolized. Yinto iseti enjalo imiqondiso semiotic, kuquka iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo lemiyalezo. Ngokomzekelo, sinako ingqalelo, umzekelo, inqaku kwijenali. Yinto ekhoyo kunye nenxalenye ngomlomo - ntetho yomlomo kunye neempawu zophawu - inxalenye lenkundla.

izicatshulwa Creolized kwahluka enye kwenye yaye beza kwiintlobo ezimbini ezisisiseko. Eyokuqala i material apho izahlulo ezibini ufake umbhalo kubudlelwane esilingana omnye komnye, kodwa inxalenye ngamazwi uzimele kwaye kususwa kwi izinto zokomfuziselo angalahlekelwa naziphi zamathontsana kengoku. Ngenxa yoko, abalinganiswa angumqondiso kunye nemiqondiso ngohlobo imifanekiso lincedisane inxalenye ngomlomo kule ngxelo. Olu umbhalo hlobo creolized kudla kakhulu kubonakala amanqaku amaphephandaba, amanqaku iindaba kunye namanqaku yobunzululwazi. Uhlobo yesibini, njengoko mhlawumbi ugqibe ludibaniso ekupheleni iintlobo ezimbini ingxelo. Xa umfanekiso likwancedisa umbhalo, kukho, singatsho ukuba intsebenziswano ezi macandelo (okt vzamnoe kuqinisela imiyalezo baqonda). Imizekelo yezicatshulwa ezinjalo, sibona yonke imihla, ehleli kwi Internet okanye ehamba esihla ngesitrato; kuba isibhengezo. Itsala kusinika umfanekiso, uze kuphela sifunda izinto ukusuka apho sifunda konke oko kufuneka ukuze bathenge le mveliso ezipapashiweyo okanye inkonzo.

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ubuntatheli - intsimi engundoqo nesicelo ingxoxo yethu iimpawu kunye neesimboli. Oku nophuhliso yayo phambili uphando kwicandelo semiotics. Kodwa makhe kuziguqulela icon yesicelo kushishino eninzi kangaka kunye neesimboli.

Njengoko kusetyenziswa kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha?

kanye Igama kwale nzululwazi - science computer - uthi ngokusondeleyo uhlolisisa ulwazi, iindlela nangokusulela kwayo nendlela abayibona. Kwezobugcisa, iimpawu angumqondiso asetyenziselwa nokudlulisela idatha yomsebenzisi. Ngokomzekelo, eyona ilula - i icon kwi desktop yakho. Nkqu negama - "icon" - wayebhekisela yokuba zonke ii icon kwi desktop yakho - lenkundla. Kwaye oku kuyinyaniso. Baya sikhupha ulwazi nathi imixholo into leyo thina cofa. Oko kukuthi, ukuba senze ukuziqonda ukuba silindele, xa sivula ilayibhuli a umqhele ethile lenkundla na.

Ngokubanzi, iisimboli abantu abadala baba ukudlulisa ulwazi kunye nedata. Namhlanje, ngeesimboli bamandulo yaguquka yayi iileta ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini, kwakunye iilwimi unique umatshini iinkqubo apho zonke iintengiselwano kunye neekhowudi kwakhona abhalwe kunye nemiqondiso efanelekileyo.

Waqonda, badlale indima icon yintatheli. Kodwa ngaba esigangeni umdla loo yesicelo, njengoko sibonile, ibinzana efunekayo enganqamlwanga ubuntatheli kunye nenzululwazi yekhompyutha. Zisetyenziswa kwezinye iinkalo zobomi bethu.

Iimpawu zophawu Studies Cultural

Mhlawumbi uyazi, oko kukuthi nezifundo zenkcubeko yaye into awayeyenza. Le ndawo enkulu ulwazi (umntu Ukutsho ke ndithi, inzululwazi), eziquka lonke inkcubeko uluntu ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo. Enyanisweni, kangangokuba uninzi ebomini bethu, sembethe le nxalenye bethu. Asikuko nokuba sibe inkcubeko ubomi ngonaphakade kusenzeka nokukhula ihlabathi namhlanje bekuya kuba nzima.

nezifundo zenkcubeko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kananjalo ukufunda nokubhala, imizobo, imiqondiso ukuba abantu bashiye ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Kakade ke, phakathi kwabo imifanekiso ezahlukeneyo, nemizobo eweni, neeleta kunye ngqangi. Kwaye konke oku kunganxulunyaniswa uphawu lenkundla. Abantu kumaxesha amandulo wabanika kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuba thina ngoku ngakumbi. Ayekholelwa ukuba abalinganiswa abathile kunokubangela umoya, yithini, okanye ukuphilisa umntu. Kude kube ngoku, sibona amabhodlo elidlulileyo, umzekelo, unodoli ukuthakatha. Kukholelwa ukuba xa uyila unodoli, ngathi ngumntu othile, uze imngene inaliti iinxalenye ezithile kulo, ngoko indoda yokwenene iyakrakra ezo ndawo apho izinti voodoo inaliti. Enyanisweni, konke oku - ukungaqondi uphawu lenkundla. Eneneni, akukho ukufana nento ngokupheleleyo imaged kwaye phantse esingazanga iimpawu ezifanayo. uphawu lenkundla - kuyinto nje into, apho sinako ukuqonda ezinye umfanekiso okanye ukufumana iinkcukacha ngayo.

Ngoku kunye nezifundo zenkcubeko yonke zacaca. Kodwa yintoni indima siye saxubusha izinto kubomi bemihla ngemihla? Njani zisichaphazela njani? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo - kwicandelo elilandelayo.

Kutheni bonke?

Ngamanye amaxesha ngokwethu awuboni imiqondiso uncamathisele eminye iimpawu kubenza ngokufanayo into imaged. Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukuqwalasela; kodwa kulungile? Ngaba uphawu olunomfanekiso yinto okanye nesenzeko, ngaba ngokwenene into okudibeneyo into womhlaba, wayezimisele ukubonisa? Akuthandeki ukuba kukho unxibelelwano enjalo. Kakade ke, ezifana jikelele, kodwa kukho into efana: hayi into zimelwe okanye ziyenzeka na nomqondiso, ngokuba akuyi kuba nje ukuba kuyimfuneko. Enye inkcukacha leyo ndingathanda ingqalelo - ukuwachaza lomlinganiswa. Ngokufanayo, sikwazi ukubona ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kakade ke, iimpawu angumqondiso idaliwe ukunciphisa uluhlu imbono kunye nomntu ngqo ngokukodwa umbutho uphawu ukuthini into. Kodwa akukho impahla ulwazi malunga nomba umqondiso lenkundla, asinako ukuyibona. Oku kwakhona yenye yeengxaki yesicelo kunye nokusasazwa icon.

Ukongeza, ngokufuthi kakhulu abafundi bafumana kulwimi olwaziwa uhlobo lomsebenzi, "uphawu oko lenkundla kungena." Asinto kudingeka ukuba achaze ukuba ukwenza njani imisebenzi enjalo. Eneneni, ekuqaleni kweli nqaku siye saxubusha, yintoni umahluko phakathi iimpawu angumqondiso kunye neesimboli.

isiphelo

Namhlanje, thina siphahlwe ulwazi. Yaye ngamnye wethu imini ubona inani elikhulu labasebenzi, kunye nenani labo ukhula rhoqo. Kubalulekile ukuba ulahlekile wesiphithiphithi yeesimboli graphic ze bandise ulwazi lwabo wempahla esingqongileyo. Ngapha koko, kunzima ukuqashisela ukuba yintoni na efihliweyo emva komnye logo ezintle.