Iimpawu zothelekiso of Kutuzov kunye uNapoleon: itheyibhile. Kutuzov umfanekiso kwinoveli L. N. Tolstogo "War Noxolo"

Omnye wababhali ezizodwa brilliant, abanegama kulo lonke ihlabathi, "iincwadi Russian Velikaya Nadezhda", umntu wazama ukuba baphinde bavavanye ubomi, ukuqonda imithetho yayo uze ekucazululeni le mfihlakalo. Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy waba ujongo ekhethekileyo ngokomyalelo wonke, kuquka anazo kunye nethiyori ye indima kwimbali yoluntu kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwimeko kanaphakade. Xa inoveli "War Noxolo" ingqiqo eziqulethwe iinkokeli yamajoni imikhosi ezimbini ezinkulu. iimpawu zothelekiso of Kutuzov kunye uNapoleon (itheyibhile iziphetho emfutshane isihloko iboniswe ngezantsi) ikuvumela ukuba ukutyhila ngokupheleleyo isimo sengqondo zombhali lo mbuzo: "Ngaba umntu omnye ukuyila ibali '

Ubomi Nemisebenzi L. N. Tolstogo

ubomi zikaTolstoy izele lweziganeko. ulutsha yakhe eyayibanjelwe eSt Petersburg, apho wayengomnye isityalo engundoqo kunye playboy eyaziwa. Wayikhuphela ngaphandle ke isiphelo naye i iCrimea kweMfazwe, emva koko umbhali wabuyela komkhulu. Sele Kukho waqola waza wabona kakhulu, waqalisa ukuba asebenzisane magazini "Contemporary", ukunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo Abahleli (NA Nekrasov, A. N. Ostrovsky, I. S. Turgenev). Tolstoy ipapasha "Amabali Sevastopol ', nto leyo usizobela umfanekiso, yena walihamba imfazwe. Emva koko uya eYurophu yaye kusenjalo ingamonwabisiyo.

Ngowe-1956 umva kwaye iqala ubomi mhlaba e Yasnaya Polyana. Siyatshata, abazibandakanya kwezolimo, yaye babhala iinoveli yakhe edumileyo namabali: "War Noxolo", "Anna Karenina", "Sunday", "I Kreutzer Sonata".

UTolstoy wafa ngowe-1910 eneminyaka kwisikhululo sikaloliwe.

I inoveli "War Noxolo"

inoveli Epic sichaza iziganeko i Napoleonic Wars (1805-1812 gg.). Le mveliso yaba yimpumelelo enkulu zombini eRashiya eYurophu. "War Noxolo" - umzobo ukuba unalo akukho analogue kule ncwadi. UTolstoy wakwazi ukuyichazela zonke iiklasi zentlalo, isiqalo nesiphelo kunye namajoni ababusi. Kwemvelo ibonwe nomlinganiswa kunye nemfezeko imifanekiso, umlinganiswa ngamnye kubonakala ukuba baphile umntu ngokupheleleyo-ezinegazi. Umbhali wakwazi va badlulisele zonke iinkalo psychology yabantu Russian ukusuka sublime ukuya zemimoya lungenalusini, phantse bestial isihlwele abavakalelwa ngayo.

Kutuzov kanti umfanekiso emangalisayo ngokusondeleyo enxulumene ne-Russia kunye nabantu bayo. Isichasi ngaye kuzo zonke wambabala uNapoleon narcissistic yaye bayazingca. Kuyinto aba balinganiswa ziya kuqwalaselwa ngokweenkcukacha.

Indima ebuntwini kwimbali: kukaNapoleon Kutuzov

Tolstoy wayesoloko wamphakamisela ubukhulu namandla abantu Russian abasibonisa inoveli yakhe ukuba waphumelela imfazwe. Ngaphezu koko, intsingiselo nobuzwe yaba sisiseko abalinganiswa abaphambili ehlola izenzo kwinoveli. Ngoko Kutuzov - umphathi kunye nomkhosi obalaseleyo - inikeza omnye wabantu Russian, ayikho kangako umntu njengenxalenye lizwe. Oku ngobunye nabantu Makangenziwa sibambiso amatye Kutuzov loyiso.

Esizikholelwayo uNapoleon, owandahlulayo ngokwabo ehlabathini, inomfanekiso phantse nguthixo. Ngakumbi umahluko phakathi kwezi balinganiswa ebonisa iimpawu lothelekiso Kutuzov kunye uNapoleon (elungiswe ngezantsi). Noko ke, sinako sele sithi, ngokutsho Tolstoy, umntu uye wagqiba ekubeni olunye-handedly ukutshintsha ihlabathi, sanga singabamiselwe ukusilela.

Ngumfanekiso Kutuzov

UTolstoy ezisemfanekisweni Kutuzov kwinoveli indoda uhlobo ubudala ngolwazi ogqwesileyo ubomi kunye nokuqonda oko kuza kwenzeka kwikamva. Uyazi ukuba imfazwe Austerlitz ziya kulahleka, kwaye ngokuzolileyo uthethe ngayo. Uwa ilele phezu yamatyala, ikwazi oko ekugqibeleni kukhokelela zonke iincoko. Kutuzov uvakalelwa ubume yobomi, ukuqonda imithetho yayo. lutho lwakhe ajike intsomi ubulumko, intuition uyalela izenzo zakhe.

Kutuzov - umphathi, kodwa izenzo zakhe kuxhomekeke ukuthanda ezininzi amabali enkulu, waba naye "khoboka". Kodwa indlela kuphela ukulinda, kwaba lula ukuphumelela. Lo mbono eziqulathwe isimilo Kutuzov zikaTolstoy.

Ngumfanekiso uNapoleon

UMlawuli UNapoleon Bonaparte - umahluko ngokupheleleyo Kutuzov. Ngokwahlukileyo yonke yobuntu jikelele Russian, Tolstoy ubonisa umlawuli isisiFrentshi iintlobo ezimbini: indoda kunye yinkokeli. Ngenxa UNapoleon jikelele isiphiwo, nje ukuba ubutyebi amava kunye nolwazi yemicimbi zomkhosi.

Kodwa ingxenye main Tolstoy likaThixo, iimpawu nje yabantu zokomoya, iimpawu nasengqondweni. Kungenxa ngokuphathelele kulo umbhali debunks umfanekiso uthando yotshaba alimwi. Sele echaza imbonakalo ye kukaNapoleon wabona isimo sengqondo yombhali: "inqatha" "ezincinane", poser ingathi yimimangaliso kwaye yokuzingca.

UNapoleon - uMlawuli we-French, kodwa amandla kancinane phezu ilizwe lakhe, yena ubona yena abe ngumlawuli wehlabathi, bazigqale njengabongamileyo kunabanye. Umnqweno zabakhonzela khona kuloo kuye, yena ngokuziphatha usizana akakwazi ukuba uzive, ukuba umthande, ku tsakela. UNapoleon uya phezu izidumbu kwinjongo yazo, kuba nje obagwebelayo? Nayiphi na indlela. "Abaphumeleleyo akukho kugwetywa" - oko kukuthi Isaci yakhe.

iimpawu zothelekiso of Kutuzov kunye uNapoleon: itheyibhile

gabalala of the table

iimpawu zothelekiso Kutuzov kunye uNapoleon (Itheyibhile uchazwe apha ngasentla) esekelwe inkcaso kuzimele kunye nobuzwe. Kuphela umntu uzibona ophezulu kwaye ngcono kunabanye, unokuqalisa imfazwe wamagazi, ngenxa iinjongo yabo egwenxa. Lo mlinganiswa ayikwazi kuba ligorha, ngoko Tolstoy, nangentando yakhe kunye nokholo ubulumko babantu, iyazigatya ezimbi yaye lamela. Inkangeleko, umlenze ahambe ngayo, indlela, nkqu isimilo uNapoleon - konke oku ngenxa yokunqwenela ukungqina ukuba abe superman.

Kutuzov, esisilumko, uzolile, zibonakala abapholileyo, kuzisa onke amandla abantu Russian. Yena ayenzi izigqibo - ulandela ikhondo lweziganeko. Angazami ukwenza ibali - oko kuxhomekeke kuyo. Kule ukuthobeka teka amandla ngokomoya yokuziphatha, nto leyo yanceda aphumelele imfazwe.

isiphelo

"War Noxolo" waqukumbela amandla okukhulu kwabantu L. N. Tolstoy e inoveli yakhe. Inkcazelo emfutshane la mandla okunene uphiwa ngaye umzekelo umfanekiso Kutuzov, ngubani oluchasene bangamahlwempu ngokomoya, musa ukuqonda abantu babo, ukuze uNapoleon. Ingqwayi omkhulu Russian kwaye umlawuli French eziqulathwe imigaqo ezimbini: eyakhayo nezonakalisayo. Kakade ke, lo sezifundo Tolstoy akwazi ukunika uNapoleon nayiphi na inkalo ezintle. Njengoko nako buze umfanekiso Kutuzov. abalinganiswa inoveli yakhe ayinanto yakwenza namanani yokwenene embalini. Kodwa Leo mna wadala ukuze abonise ingqiqo yakhe nembali.