"Dubrovsky" - wazibhala? "Dubrovsky" Pushkin. AS Pushkin "Dubrovsky"

Phakathi imisebenzi engagqitywanga of zokukhanyisa imibongo Russian Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina engaqhelekanga ukuba iprozi mihla Russian waba inoveli "Dubrovsky". Yena original ngenxa kwindibaniselwano iingxaki engxamisekileyo zentlalo kunye ibali olutshintshayo. Umsebenzi kwi mveliso zathatha kancinane ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu, kodwa yapapashwa kwiminyaka esibhozo kuphela kamva, ngo-1841, kukho umthamo imisebenzi Kubala of Pushkin. Kukho amarhe athi isiphelo injongo yombhali enokuba ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngenxa izizukulwana ezininzi abafundi abaye babekuthanda sale ncwadi, akakwazi ukucinga imeko eyahlukileyo.

umbono inoveli

I inoveli "Dubrovsky", ogama umbhali yingqondi kwi imbonakaliso yayo nayiphi na nabo bonke abantu kweli lizwe kubonwa kakhulu agqitywa, nangona oko lifumene processing lokugqibela ubugcisa; wahlala unexamined eminye imiboniso iyelenqe nje ziqondwa iintshukumisa ngabalinganiswa, kwaye umfanekiso abalinganiswa abaphambili abanayo kubunzulu efanelekileyo. Enyanisweni, abasakwazi engatshintshiyo, kwaye umfundi kunyanzeleka ukuba liyavumelana imikhwa yabo wobuntu. Kuphela isifundo oluneenkcukacha uyilo unako ukuyiqonda ingcamango inoveli "Dubrovsky". Umbhali wanika ukutya ingcamango abalandeli bakhe. Iqela yeengcinga liye ubeke phambili malunga ngezizathu incompleteness yenoveli kunye nokuqhubekeka yayo kunokwenzeka.

Inkqubo yokubhala

I inoveli "Dubrovsky" Pushkin wabhala wathi, waza ngesiquphe epholiswa kule nkqubo yaye siqhubeke nomsebenzi zange abuye. Isizathu kunokwenzeka sokwehlisa kuthiwa umdla kwi "Imbali Pugachev" kwaye idrafti yokuqala inoveli Pugachevshchina. Phakathi imisebenzi Pushkin na imveliso baba ngaxeshanye anganyathela endleleni ukusuka 'ezimnandi zika Belkin "ukuya inoveli lwentlalo-psychological mihla siqinise ukuya inoveli zembali" Ntombi I Yomphathi. " I inoveli iqhosha "Dubrovskii" Pushkin guided iingqiqo lobugcisa kwenziwe ngobulumko balo, nocoselelo lula. Eyona kwebali Umgaqo alternation iye zixinaniswe iimpawu copyright amaqhawe ebonisa ngeziganeko ezithile kunye nxaxheba lwabo.

Ukuvela kuyilo inoveli

Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli kakhulu kunye nomsebenzi ngamafuphi Pushkin kaThixo "Dubrovsky" ichaza ubomi nezithethe iindwalutho mihlaba. Umbhali usebenzisa iprozi ngqo analytical, bezama ukuba ibe injongo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa ushiye umntu ngokupha amaxesha ngamaxesha yovavanyo ngqo yezenzo nokukhulula amazwi isigqebelo.

kwehlobo Kwalo nentsusa le inoveli embhoxo ngemisebenzi yababhali Western eYurophu Russian kwenkulungwane ye-18-yesithathu yokuqala kwenkulungwane ye-19. abaphandi abaninzi Pushkin wacinga ukuba umfutho zokudalwa inoveli wamnika idrama Schiller kaThixo "nabaphangi", comedy Kapnist "Sneak" kunye emininzi ibala kwabalungiseleli abonakele kwenkqubo yobulungisa Russian. Kodwa enyanisweni, umbhali waphefumlelwa kwimbali Ostrovsky Belarusian amanene, leyo wathi eMoscow nganye P. V. Naschokin. Kakuhle eli bali ukuba umnini ngokungekho mthethweni ngokungonyamelwa ipropati, emva koko yaba kubamba yaye entolongweni.

Eli bali, gqibezela zibakala inkqubo, ibe sisiseko kwinoveli. Ngoko ke, umbhali ukuze kufikelelwe ukuthembeka eliphezulu kwaye obubhaliweyo inoveli. Kukho ubungqina ngenyaniso enjalo - kwisahluko sesibini zilolo hlobo zazilulo Okubhaliweyo ngasentla isigqibo senkundla kwi kwimeko omnye kwabanini, owaswelekelwa impahla yakhe. Kuphela amagama abalinganiswa indawo kwisimangalo wasentsomini - Troyekurov kunye Dubrovsky.

Kodwa ke umbhali wencwadi ethi "Dubrovsky" wawungapheleliselwanga umlando enkundla kunye namabali abaliswa ngomlomo malunga eziphosakeleyo kudala ukususela baba isahlakalo eqhelekileyo bemihla ngemihla. Kwisakhiwo sebali ke ngokulungelelanisiweyo sase iingxaki ezininzi zentlalo kunye yokuziphatha wamaxhoba zeenkundla esicalanye ngaphezulu. Ngokutsho omkhulu V. Belinsky, Roman Pushkina "Dubrovsky" yenye yezona "indalo enkondlo", ebonisa uluntu Russian.

"Dubrovsky" - ngubani babhala ntoni kwaye zeziphi na ungquzulwano aba isisekelo?

Kangangethuba elide phambi kokuqalisa umsebenzi kwinoveli, ezizezi ngoFebruwari 1832, Alexander wawongwa isipho ekhethekileyo evela uMlawuli Nicholas I. Yaba kwiimbutho ubukhosi kwemithetho imithamo 55. Le umqondiso nesimo wasebukhosini ukubonisa amandla mthetho imbongi. Xa inoveli "Dubrovsky" (owabhala oku, wonke umntu uyazi) akukho bokubanga zothando njengenxalenye indalo yokuqala wembongi. Apha imbongi ibonisa ifuthe imithetho kubomi bemihla ngemihla yezikhulu, ukuxhomekeka kwabo kurhulumente kunye ngaphantsi epheleleyo. Ingcamango iyintloko yomsebenzi kukuba, eneneni, kwinoveli yonke imithetho indawo ngomthetho amandla, ubutyebi kunye izikhulu.
Cwangcisa inoveli xa liphuhlisa dynamically kakhulu, edibanisa ezimbini uhlobo ezahlukeneyo imbambano. Ungquzulwano yokuqala, iziganeko ezinkulu ezifumaneka umqulu wokuqala, vnutrisoslovny ukuba umbala oqaqambileyo kwezentlalo. Kulo nazo abamelwane, sisebenza nabo, kunye nabahlobo abadala. It is a ongumninindlu osisityebi, i-jikelele-in-oyintloko umhlala KIRILL Petrovich Troyekurov kunye minor lakomkhulu, uLt umhlala Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky, owabhala ileta eya intendelezo ejikeleza ezifanayo ebhegini Troekurov Houndmaster ukuba wazithoba Dubrovsky. Ke kwabakho ungquzulwano ukuzithemba kunye Troekurova Dubrovsky, nto leyo yaba ungquzulwano empahleni esigxininisa ukungalingani kwezentlalo, ukucalucalula ngesiphumo ukumangalelana. Troyekurov wanceda abagwebi ezonakeleyo kunye namangqina abamelwane obuxoki.

Le yesibini inoveli ungquzulwano - usapho kunye nendlu. Le isimo lobomi - kumtshato ekuthinjweni. Ingqondo Troekurova kwanyanzeleka ukuba atshate Prince ubudala Vereya. Luphawu ngokubanzi ingxaki sikweni yosapho, umbuzo ilungelo ukuthanda, nokuba izimvo zoluntu kunye ikhethe. Kwakhona yachukumisa phezu kumzabalazo wokulwa angathabatheki uthando kunye nomsebenzi yokuziphatha.

Olufutshane central ukungavumelani

Kuzo zombini iingxabano, eli nani iphambili Cyril Petrovich Troyekurov leyo ekucudiseni kunye Dubrovsky, intombi yakhe. umfanekiso Russian ye inkosi iba incarnation lokwenyaniso nguzwilakhe kunye nalwazelelelo. Esi despot oyinyaniso, abakukhathaleleyo izimvo kunye neminqweno abanye abanye abantu. Yena ke ngoko ityala labo; kodwa ngenxa yemeko yentlalo. Uluhlaza, nezimoshakeleyo voluptuousness. Kufuneka zongezwe ezi mpawu zokunqongophala yemfundo, yaye oko kuvela indoda "umoya lomlilo" kunye "yobukrelekrele limited". Nalwazelelelo Troekurova wabonisa ngokucacileyo nokuphathwa kwayo indlu, kunye iindwendwe, ootitshala intombi. Umbhali ke, ligorha kunye mpawu ezimbalwa amanene. Ngokomzekelo, yena uziva wazohlwaya, ukusinda ngenxa Dubrovsky kwasuswa kwipropati, yaye uzama ukwenza uxolo akangebuyi kuhluthwa kwanoko anako.

Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky ukuba umfundi wakhe, uvelwano, Isiphelo sakhe buhlungu. Kodwa ke umbhali akuthethi idealize beqhawe, ukuphawula phambi umsindo wakhe ngesimilo ubungqola bunjengenkonzo, kwakunye sesichengeni kugqithise ngomzuzu ngokweemvakalelo. Kwaye nomona ngaye eziqhelekileyo, kwaye njengomphathi, yena lingaphumi, Azitywine, ngokuba ukulungisa imeko yena akakwazi. Eyona iphambili Dubrovsky i likratshi amanene, angavumeli ukuba athathe Troekurova yokuhlala. Dubrovsky naye uhlobo despot kwaye ishenxisa kungenzeka kumtshato unyana wakhe ingqondo Troyekurova, ucinga ngolo lubabalo, ukuwathetha awona umnumzana. Enkundleni, uTshawe ibonisa ukungakhathali kunye obstinacy, bethembele ubulungisa abagwebi. Isiphelo sakhe - umboniso lo mthetho kunabanye phezu ukunyaniseka.

Vladimir Dubrovsky - imvakalelo ulilungisa okanye ayilwa?

Umlinganiswa ophambili Dubrovsky iyaqhubeka bayahlelwa kayise. nalwazelelelo enkundla nguzwilakhe Troekurova Vladimir ngokoqobo bayacalulwa bume lwabo ku kala nawu. Hero waqonda indoda amanene nomphindezeli enobulungisa, ekubeni akukho ifuna ukoyisa ezingaqhelekanga kwaye ufuna ukufumana kwakhona oko uyakufanelekela yakhe. Le akuyona i Robin Gud zasekhaya, kodwa umntu ngengozi wazifumana kwiimeko ezinjalo kwaye akanakuba ngenye indlela. Ukuziqambela isiphelo Dubrovsky usekelwe kwiimeko zemihla ngemihla. Umbhali yenoveli "Dubrovsky", owabhala eni imifanekiso villains abathandanayo "Evgenii Onegine", nabanye abalinganiswa kwi "Weltschmerz" kwi umphefumlo wadala isela ezindilekileyo, obala logwayimbo kurhulumente, leyo esusa ikamva lakhe. Sobulumko SP Shevyrev waphawula ukuba umphangi Dubrovsky - kusisiqhamo mthetho yoluntu, wazigquma ngumthetho.

Inkcazo Dubrovsky: ngubani na ngokwenene?

Akulolize ku Alexander Pushkin: Dubrovsky, ngenxa utshintsho rhoqo kwi inkangeleko nokuziphatha, uba ngathi namanye amaqhawe noosiyazi - Otrepiev kunye Pugachev. Xa inoveli, kubonakala ukuba njengegosa Guards, oqhele ubomi ikhululekile, njengokuba unyana onothando, umphindezeli kunye Ataman njani amatutu. Yena nesibindi self-batsho xa Troekurova ingene endlwini phantsi ngesebe katitshala Deforge, kodwa theka kwaye izigqibo kwi imiboniso mihla yothando.

Inkcazelo Dubrovsky iyahluka Izithetha emiselweyo. Umfundi uyakwazi ukuqonda phakathi kwemigca ukuba umgangatho kwesi mntu. Ukuya ku isahluko 11 ayitsho ngolo hlobo kunye notitshala nesibindi unflappable Deforge. Kwakhona ligutyungelwe yinkungu ubukho Dubrovsky xa nemigulukudu wezihange. Kukho kukhankanywa into yokuba inkokeli elihlonitshiweyo yaziwa nobuhlakani, inkalipho kunye nesisa. Amarhe nokuhleba ndoyika abaqeshisi ukwenza Dubrovsky kubamba umntu edume ngokwenene. Umthamo lwesibini inoveli, nangona inani elikhulu izinketho ezizenzekelayo xa kungacaciswanga, inika inkcazelo engakumbi malunga iimvakalelo umphangi. Yena smart kunye neengqondi kunye nolwazi kakuhle ngazo zonke iziganeko endlwini Troekurova, ingakumbi imbonakalo Prince Verey kunye sisathandana yakhe ingqondo. Phantsi owazenza katitshala, uza nokugcinwa engumFrentshi Troyekurov. Dubrovsky - kumphindezeli, kodwa ukuziphindezelela Troyekurov yena akakwazi, njengoko wayethandana ingqondo, yaye akayi phakamisa isandla intsapho yakhe.

Angathabatheki uthando Iqhawe unxano ephakamileyo impindezelo, yaye Dubrovsky uxolela Troekurova.

Wenqununu umqulu yesibini uba yintlekele uthando ethetha uTshawe, nokungafumaneki ngenxa kuye intsapho yonwabe elula apho ungxamele ngentliziyo yakhe yonke. Ngaphambi nje kokuhamba endlini Troekurova, kuvula ingqondo kwaye uyavuma iimvakalelo zakhe. Ingqondo kwi ilahleko. Akunamsebenzi ukuhlangabezana ngengqwalasela efanayo, kodwa inika isithembiso ukubhenela uncedo Dubrovsky xa elililo.

Umdlali oyinhloko yenoveli - ingqondo kunye namava akhe Troekurova

Seventeen ingqondo Troekurova ezintle namnandi. Itsala kuphela Dubrovsky, kodwa abadala neyo Prince Vereisk ukuba woos. UMariya usemncinci kakhulu ukuba bade bacinge malunga nokutshata. It isiginci ku Dubrovsky, ngubani phantsi owazenza Deforge wabetha intombazana inkalipho wakhe, naphantsi igama lakhe lokwenyani abanomdla yakhe lwabo, kodwa umtshato naye ukoyika, kuba simile ngokunzulu imigaqo yokuziphatha umtshato kunokwenzeka nomntu kwisangqa yakhe, kodwa umfundisi okanye umphangi. Kodwa umtshato kunye Prince Vereisky iziphumo Ibhinqa okukhulu. Yena icela uyise, ukuze ndingalitshabalalisi; musa ukuthatha ubomi kunye nokumamela kuyo. Eqonda ngamampunge izicelo zabo, yena wabhala ileta eya ePrince Vereisky, yacela ukuba bayeke lomtshato, kodwa ezo ncwadi nomkhwezeli, kwaye umshado iyasondela ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini. Nangona imidala injalo bakhe, uMariya umfazi esomeleleyo kwimeko lithemba ukuba ufumana amandla bafune uncedo njengomphangi Dubrovsky. Ulindele ukuba uncedo de ngomzuzu wokugqibela, kodwa emva wathabatha isifungo ukuthembeka obungunaphakade, ibona ukuba akukho kusinda, yaye xa Dubrovsky ehlasela phezu kwenqwelwana lwabo ehlathini, engavumi ukuba ahambe naye. Ibonisa nje ukunyaniseka kuphela, kodwa ukusungulwa amantombazana, kwaye yokuziphatha umphangi, leyo wamnika ilungelo lokukhetha waza wamisa ngokukhetha.

indoda esiyenza Dubrovsky

Ibali Pushkin kaThixo, nangona incompleteness wayo, ezitsalwa ukunyaniseka kwayo kunye ingxaki kabuhlungu. Ezibhaliweyo ngokungathi ukunazisa ukuba ukuba ngaphandle umthetho ayisoloko ukuthetha malunga zhestkoserdii yendalo. Kodwa ubandakanya zonke ezimbi impindezelo kunqandwa. Inkangeleko welifa Dubrovsky abantu Troekurova ebangela perturbation ubunzima abalimi kunye nenkohlakalo kwicala labo. A umlilo ebusuku Kistenovke iququqzelele Vladimir Dubrovsky, owayengazi nto izithunywa zezulu Troekurova buyabanjwa, waba intwasahlobo bavukela ethandwayo.

Kutheni inoveli lixesha?

I inoveli "Dubrovsky" - ibali Pushkin kwi oonobangela zoqhankqalazo, izenzo kwamafama ukunganeliseki, imfazwe epheleleyo, leyo eliboniswe ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi ezilandelayo lombhali.

Kwabo uphando inoveli "Dubrovsky", owabhala malunga abaphangi zakhe lemigulukudu? Umntu kuthathwa kuphela ukuba lo wayesakuba abasebenzi Kistenevka, abalimi ungobalekayo namajoni. Kuphela ekupheleni kwinoveli kuyacaca ukuba iimfuno inkokeli emigewu kunye nabo musa utshatise. Kwiqela labo ayinalo intsebenziswano, sibe nesimo sengqondo esifanayo elingengangani, bathotywe, xa abakhonzi bathobele enkosini yakhe. Isahluko sokugqibela yenoveli lu dityanisiwe kwinoveli "Ntombi The Yomphathi," apho sicule iingoma efanayo, kwaye isiphelo yenoveli ukufanisa iingcinga malunga ukuqhubeka imfazwe abantu bakhoyo. Xa a hero lilahlekile ukuba ingcamango intsapho yonwabe kunokwenzeka ingqondo, yena ongakwamkeliyo iqela lakhe nokufihla amazwe. Xa ukuhlukana waxelela abahlobo bakhe ukuba nekungenakwenzeka ukuba babuyele siphila ngokunyaniseka, kodwa nangona kunjalo, emva kokumka kwakhe, indlela icacile zamihla wayeka. mbono Last inoveli lokuhle kakhulu, awemka uTshawe amazwe - oku ukoyiswa wakhe, kwaye ngokoyiswa lonke eli lizwe kumzabalazo wenkululeko, imbeko nothando.