Iimveliso Petroleum - yintoni na le nto, yaye apho kusetyenziswa?

Oil (okanye "oyile") - amafutha eziphili zamandulo ezaba lilitye ulwelo ukuba imvelaphi eziphilayo. Olu hlobo ngomxube hydrocarbon kunye izakhi eziqulathe ioksijini, isalfure nitrogen.

Yintoni na oyile?

iimveliso Petroleum - umxube efunyenwe emva kokuba processing of "ngegolide black". Ekuqaleni olwenziwe ulwelo. Ke kwasuswa. Ioli phantse angamakhulu amahlanu iikhemikali. Bonke kumazwe ahlukeneyo udibaniso. Bangafika sukube, eqinileyo kunye engamanzi.

Indlela ukufumanisa ubukho yamafutha amdaka?

Ukuzimisela yamafutha emanzini inkunkuma eveliswe ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili:

• benokundileka
• chromatography gas;
• IR spectrometry.

Nesicelo eyiyo nayiphi na avelise iziphumo ezichanekileyo ezi ndlela ukuqinisekisa ubukho kunye nobungakanani ioli. Kukho iindlela ezimbini ukufumanisa. Kodwa babonisa ukuba iziphumo ichanekile kakhulu kwaye sidinga ukuqinisekiswa ezongezelelweyo. Indlela ezisisiseko yokufumanisa i-oyile kuthiwa womxhuzulane.

ixabiso ioli Industrial

Oil - omnye umbandela sixabisekileyo ekrwada, nto leyo unalo igama yesibini - "igolide black". Lonke kuba ilizwe apho kukho imali ebekiweyo kule yesibaso solwelo efosili, ziinkokheli kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Iimveliso Petroleum - luyasetyenzwa iimveliso oyile ezithe wangena kuzo zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu.

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, abantu badla ngokusebenzisa izinto okanye izinto ezenziwe "ngegolide black". Kwaye badla nokuba uyazi ukuba inxalenye izinto njengesiqhelo ebomini ziquka namafutha enziwe ngeefosili anqongophele. It nangongxawu, ukuhlamba oomatshini, izinto zokudlala kwakunye nokunye okuninzi.

Ziphi na oyile?

Ukugcinwa "zegolide abamnyama" neoli kusiwa kwizikhongozelo ezizodwa, ezo zichazwe kuphela kushishino oyile, kodwa izikhululo zokumpompa kunye ulwelo. Kwakhona kwizityalo kwakhona, iifama itanki kunye nesikhululo igesi.

Itanki iimveliso zepetroliyam ezenziwe ngezinto ezingatshiyo. Izikhongozeli zinokufakwa ngqo emhlabeni okanye ngaphantsi kwawo. Kakhulu kujongwa - amatanki zezindlu, ezenziwe ngentsimbi. Xa izityalo ezincinci bulk efakiweyo iitanki zezindlu oxwesileyo iinkqutyana nangaphezulu-komhlaba. Kuthunyelwa iitanki RV kunye elibele kophahla ungqukuva kunye etsobhileyo. Emazantsi flat yabo.

Amadama zinokuba phantsi, phezulu kunye enoxinzelelo. oovimba ezinkulu neoli petroleum iimveliso zigcinwa ubukhulu becala yokugcina ngokufihlakeleyo. ukusebenza ekhuselekileyo olululo matanki inikwa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo olongezelelweyo.

Ukulawulwa umgangatho iimveliso zepetroliyam

Iimveliso oyile umgangatho lukhangelwe kwi indlela iisampuli elebhu. Ekubeni kokufumana ezimbiwa yolwelo de ukusetyenziswa lokugqibela. maxa wambi Iisampulu namafutha zahlukile. Ubulunga "zegolide abamnyama" ngeendlela ezininzi kuxhomekeke kubunzulu indawo yayo. A oyile bezimbiwa ziyahluka kwindawo kunye nendlela yemveliso njengoko ithwalwa. Isimo kunye nokugcinwa ixesha ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, kukho iindwendwe, ngubani kufuneka bakhokelwe ekugqibeni umgangatho weemveliso ioli.

Ziziphi iinkalo zisetyenziswa oyile kunye namafutha mveliso?

Enye iimpawu omninzi oluncedo zeoli - uvutha. Ngoko ke, indawo yokuqala, oku eziphili engamanzi esetyenziswa kwishishini nje isibaso. oil amafutha Modern liquka ngaphezu kwama-50%. Indawo yesibini kwi ngeoli kunye petroleum iimveliso na kwinqanaba zasekhaya. Ukongeza, ngokohlobo izinto zasesekondari ekrwada ezisetyenziswa amayeza kunye cosmetology. Ubucwebe ezenziwe petroleum kunye amalaphu zokwenziwa.

Esebenzisa ioli kunye inkunkuma yayo ifomu yayo ekrwada?

Xa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni njengoko isetyenziswa Akuvamile ioli ulwelo zendalo. Kuphela xa kusakhiwa kwemibhobho kunye neentambo zombane. Emva nezokukhupha "igolide black" udlula processing ekhethekileyo. Okokuqala, izinto ekrwada cleaner. Emva koko, processing ephambili. Ngeli xesha i oyile Yek, yahlulwe kumacandelo alo. Ke unyango sesekondari "ioli" xa kancincane zendalo isakhiwo carbon.

Ukusebenzisa imboni oyile

Inkunkuma "ioli" asetyenziswa ukuvelisa coke leyo ke isetyenziswe yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, kunye nokuveliswa electrode welding. oyile zisebenziseke - le oli. Russia - elinye lamazwe eye phezu koovimba yayo ummandla omkhulu "igolide black", imveliso yawo ikhutshwa phandle unyaka wonke.

Kukho nkqu kwiintlobo "ioli emhlophe", eliqulethe ngaphezu asibhozo ekhulwini separafini, lisetyenziswa ukunyanga isifo somhlaza. amaxhwele zenziwe tinctures yeoli enjalo, Oluma kunye namafutha.

Emva japan kwenkqubo yokuqala kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli:

• amafutha diesel;
• olingene;
• jet kunye diesel ;
• ioli;
• izithambiso;
• igesi yepetroliyamu engamanzi.

Emva kokuba oil amafutha kubonakala ioli eyintsalela kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa:

• yebhitumene;
• iparafini;
• Izibaso ezilulwelo kwibhoyila;
• Abaninzi ioli;
• asphalt.

Iinxalenye ukuba zifunyenwe ngexesha kwenkqubo yokuqala zamafutha asetyenziswe kwintsimi izithambiso, ukwakhiwa kweendlela kunye nezindlu.

Emva ri ioli esisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa:

• irabha;
• neeplastikhi;
• amalaphu zokwenziwa;
• irabha;
• izinto film;
• amabala;
• paintwork;
• umanyolo;
• iipavumente kunye t. d.

Ukusetyenziswa yamafutha okuthambisa

kwizinga eliphezulu ezinye iimveliso yeoli ukuze zilungele izicelo ezahlukahlukeneyo cosmetology. Revised "igolide black" yaba sisiseko amathunzi, ipeyinti, iipensile amehlo kunye nemilebe. Uninzi amakha amanzi yangasese ngokuyinxenye luqulathe ioli bezimbiwa. Kananjalo bayinxalenye iidayi ezahlukeneyo nezacholo.

Ukusetyenziswa "zegolide abamnyama" amayeza

Petroleum - processing elidlulileyo kungengokwentlambululo yendawo "ngegolide black". Kuye kwafunyanwa ezininzi iipropati eziluncedo angafumani isicelo amayeza. Amayeza iqhelekileyo - acetylsalicylic acid, okanye "aspirin". Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, oosonzululwazi baye bafumana indlela bekhupha phenol ukusuka ichiza. Xa noseko lwalo ngoku:

• antibiotics;
• amayeza kwizifo nesiqephu zesisu;
• ebulala;
• amachiza anti-TB;
• nadlamkisayo.

Oil kuhlanganiselo ukutya

Kule mihla ioli - oku kuyinxalenye amacandelo ukutya okuthile. Sebenzisa izibonelelo zendalo ulwelo ukutya ngabantu kuye kwenzeka ngenxa protein yokuqaphela. Uphuma ioli inkunkuma. I protein yokufakelwa ngenxa ithatha ngokupheleleyo isilwanyana kwaye ngokubanzi kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso ezininzi zokutya.

Ukuze uluhlu yonke ethe yaveliswa ukusuka petroleum, kunokuba elide. Oku ezininzi izinto ezisetyenziswa ngabantu kubomi bemihla ngemihla. ukusetyenziswa olubanzi yamafutha - esona sizathu siphambili ekukhuleni ixabiso layo rhoqo. Kwaye oku kuyinyaniso, njengoko "igolide black" unika ithuba ukushushubeza, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, kodwa inceda ukudala iimeko bekhululekile ekhaya. Ngaphandle bonke obu bomi mihla kunzima ngokwaneleyo ukuze ngqondweni.