Iingubo ingalo kumazwe aseYurophu - isithethe zakutshanje zamaXesha Aphakathi

Heraldry ngendlela apho kuyo luqondwa ehlabathini namhlanje, yavela e Europe. Iingubo zangaphantsi zokuqala ezandla malunga XI-XII kwiinkulungwane njengophawu ngabameli lobuqu basebukhosini emkhosini. Ngenxa yokwanda ukuntsonkotha kolwalamano kuluntu kwaye kuphuhliso feudalism ngokwesiko zokuphawula oko badume ekuhlaleni buya eqhelekileyo kakhulu. imifuziselo abakhe onke amalungu begazi, kuquka abasetyhini, ababingeleli, abarhwebi abakhulu yaye abanye abalimi sisityebi.

Kwinkulungwane XIV imifuziselo imbali kuvela ezivenkileni, izixeko kunye nommandla. Emva kwenye leminyaka, kumaXesha Aphakathi emva kwexesha, kukho iingalo yokuqala hlanga-karhulumente. Akwenzeki ukuba amisele umhla ngqo isenzeko njengophawu karhulumente, kuba izimvo zabo zitshintshiwe rhoqo. iingalo Modern of kumazwe aseYurophu ngokusekelwe generic iipowusta mithi futhi ibonisa imbali yabo kunye neempawu zenkcubeko.

Forms neempawu izihlangu imbali

Eyona nto ephambili nayiphi na omfuziselo kukho ibhilibhodi - isakhiwo ngeqanda, ethwele phezu phambi iqela lomsebenzi. heraldry esemthethweni eyenza iintlobo yayo zilandelayo:

• French - quadrangular, kunye ezantsi ekhethekileyo phakathi.
• Varangian - ntathu enamacala kuhle kujikwa.
• Spanish - ngokufanayo isiFrentshi, kodwa ibe ngaphantsi ajikelezayo.
• Italian - elimbhoxo.
• German - ntathu elintlangothi aqingqiweyo.

Kukho izihlangu Nedlac ngeenxa zonke, isikwere okanye elibhalwe ngokumileyo iimilo, sibubona, njengoko umthetho, ukudityaniswa komhlaba okanye isixeko-States.

albhamu Overview imbali ibonisa ukuba uninzi iingalo yamazwe aseYurophu zisekelwe phezu iiplanga ifomu French. Le element kwakhona iyatshintsha rhoqo. Umzekelo, indlela uphawu of Great Britain ngenkulungwane XIX, ibekwe ibhodi Italian, kodwa kwinkulungwane elandelayo wegqitha waya Varangian.

imibala imbali

Paint ugubungela ingubo, ekuthethwe tinctures nangokumiswa akehli isithethe kuMbindi Ages bohlulwa babe ngamaqela 2:

1. izinyithi - igolide nesilivere. Imifanekiso bahambelana kubo imibala etyheli namhlophe.

2. lwawo okanye lwawo - obomvu (abomvu), nemfusa (nemisonto magenta), ezimnyama (oluntsundu), eluhlaza (green) kunye nombala oluhlaza (blue).

Iseti kakuhle imibala bugwetyelwe ngexesha imvelaphi yesiko imbali. Ngowe-XII-XIII iinkulungwane imibala ezidweliswe zazingafumaneki "ngokuphathelele eliphantsi", abakwazi ukuba zivela ngezinto zendalo.

Ukongeza, UMikhono kumazwe aseYurophu kunokubandakanya uboya ekuthiwa-okanye iintsiba - indibaniselwano ekhethekileyo imibala neemilo, engumqondiso uphawu elixabisekileyo ngamandla. KumaXesha Aphakathi ekuqaleni kwakukho esikweni ukuba upholster iiphaneli ezinoboya, yaye emva koko, asingookumkani enxibe izambatho iminweba, ofulelwe Ermine ezixabisekileyo okanye weeproteni. Tincture "iintsiba" phakathi imifuziselo zikarhulumente hayi ukuhlangabezana, ngenxa yokuba baye basasaza kuphela ngaphakathi zasebukhosini yesizwe kunye nazo izilawuli German ukuya kwinqanaba lizwe kwaye baphume.

Xa heraldry akukho mda kwinani kunye indibanisela imibala. Kuphela xa kuyilwa logo uzaleke wayesebenzisa enga okanye lwawo kwi metal ukuya otyhidiweyo, nangona kusenokuba kufutshane omnye komnye. Ngokwelo mgaqo, asiyi kuba ingubo ingalo njalo.

imbali

Inzululwazi iingubo iingalo kuboniswe ikhaka wohlula izinto ngokwamaqela ezininzi:

1. imbali - iimilo zejiyometri, ebabela panel lube ziinxalenye eziliqela. Total eyaziwa 10 Amanani ezingundoqo:

• Top.
• Post.
• Belt.
• Ingxenye.
• Sash.
• Umqadi.
• Cross.
• Umphetho.
• Shield.
• yingxenye freestyle.

Heraldry uyazazi iintlobo ezininzi ngeemilo ezisisiseko. Alone osibonayo 200 iifom aziwayo -. Pope, Latin, iBurgundy, Maltese, njl EYurophu, uphawu kubonakala phezu iingalo Hungary, Greece, eSwitzerland, Iceland, Slovakia ne eSerbia.

Ukongeza, kukho izinto ezingaphantsi, ezinqabileyo ingubo karhulumente ingalo. Phakathi kwazo kukho yonxantathu quadrangular (imnyama, uyinkokeli) (isikwere, ngamaxolo, idayimani), ezingqukuva (iibhola, isemi-isangqa, arc) kunye sokungalindelekanga (enekhola midlalo).

2. Negeraldicheskie - epheleleyo okanye kwinxenye imifanekiso amanani yokwenene (uhlobo okanye ezenziwe) okanye indalo etsomo. Inani labo likhulu kakhulu, yaye ukuqokelela uhlala wongezelela izinto ezintsha. Ngomhla iingalo yamazwe aseYurophu zithetha isilwanyana zendalo, ezizezi, iingonyama kunye iinkozi. Nangona kunjalo, phambi kwabo yahluka ngeeMpawu karhulumente ngamnye. Umzekelo, i-Lions onako ukuma okanye kulala phantsi, abe isithsaba okanye ephethe ikrele dladla lakhe. Classical uhlobo izilwanyana ngobuyakayaka kunye nomsila kunye ibhrashi, kungabonwa iingalo United Kingdom, Bulgaria, Belgium, Denmark, eSpeyin, eNetherlands, Latvia, eFinland, Sweden kunye Estonia. Kodwa kwezinye iinguqulelo ze Norway uphawu eboniswa nengwe kunokuba "ukumkani yamarhamncwa".

Le meko ifana ne amaxhalanga. Basenokuba ubukhulu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokumila amaphiko, umsila, elintsiba zolukileyo, umlomo ukubamba ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe. Ngomhla iingalo Russia, Albania, Serbia neMontenegro intaka imbali kunye neentloko-2, wajika kumacala ahlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa zabo nelifa nembali kunye umanyano ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. On asele (Austria, eJamani, Poland, Moldova, Romania, Czech Republic) intloko omnye iinkozi ngokufuthi jize.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kukho iingubo ingalo kumazwe aseYurophu, edibanisa abalinganiswa ezinqabileyo. Ingakumbi, le Umfuziselo Ireland - igolide celtic uhadi kwisiqalo blue - ayifumaneki kwi naliphi na ilizwe ehlabathini. I ingubo Iingalo Bosnia and Herzegovina badla zabhidaniseka umqondiso European Union ngenxa iinkwenkwezi ezimhlophe umbala efanayo anantlanu-wakhomba.

iisimboli imbali lamazwe, izixeko kunye nemimandla - yinxalenye yenkcubeko kunye nomoya Europe. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, bona, kunye ezikhumbuzo kakuhle walondoloza izakhiwo, sifunda abemi EU kunye nabakhenkethi bobukho "Europe endala".