Ulwelwe abahlala kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga. iintlobo ekuveleni, iimpawu zabo kunye nokubaluleka indalo

Ulwelwe uyakwazi ukuhlala nokwanda kwiimeko ezizodwa ezinjalo, ezibonakala kuthi, xa uqala kuqala, engafanelekanga ngokupheleleyo ubomi. Kusenokuba imithombo eshushu, apho iqondo ngamanye amaxesha ufikelela ukwandiswa kwendawo yokuhlala, yaye arctic abandayo amanzi, ice kunye ikhephu.

Ulwelwe abahlala kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga

Ulwelwe ingaphila imida ubushushu ngokubanzi ngokwaneleyo: ezintathu ukuya asibhozo anesihlanu degrees. Kodwa ke inkoliso eziphilayo kuluhlu elimxinwa.

Hardy phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ulwelwe eluhlaza green. Zibizwa ngokuba tsinobakteriyami. Uninzi lwabo ulwelwe thermophilic. Oku kuthetha ukuba ahlale kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu (asibhozo ukuya asibhozo anesihlanu).

Imithombo thermal kuhlala multicellular ulwelwe filamentous iifom, kwakunye elinye-elilodwa. Conferva badla ukukhula amathanga ezinkulu, ehlahla eludongeni amadama, adadele phezu kwayo.

Xa kukuninzi amanzi ashushu kunokubonwa eluhlaza diatoms. Kodwa ngaphantsi apha naphaya amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngoko ungakhetha ukuba zihlale phezu amagophe amachibi kwindawo epholileyo. Kubo, iqondo eliphezulu ngenxa yomphefumlo degrees mahlanu.

Ngokubanzi, amanzi ashushu kutyhilwa ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini iintlobo lisiza. Alawula, Kakade ke, iintlobo eziluhlaza-eluhlaza, ngoko diatoms uze eluhlaza.

Le kweegiza ezishushu ena lobushushu yafikelela degrees 75,5. Kule ntlobo ze ulwelwe mahlanu anesibini wafunyanwa. Ngoko ke, ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo kubo - oluhlaza-eluhlaza, yaye elinesixhenxe kuphela - diatoms, asixhenxe - iindidi eluhlaza.

Lisiza kule qhwa

Kukho kwakhona ulwelwe uhleliyo engaqhelekanga iimeko, le indawo yayo qhwa. Kakade ke, imida ubushushu kuba lona lisiza zibe qatha, ebavumela ukuba ahlale naxa iimeko kubanda kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezinjalo ezimbi kukho nokuba kukho ukukhula olumandla ulele, nto leyo maxa wambi kubangela amabala womkhenkce ezahlukeneyo imibala: nebomvu nemsi, obomvu, oluhlaza, omdaka, purple. Alawulwa yi umbala lisiza leyo ngakumbi kwindawo ethile. Ububanzi maleko omibalabala i iperi iisentimitha, ezizezi ubunzulu engena kukhanya.

Idayi ebomvu iyakwazi chlamydomonas ikhephu yaye eziluhlaza - ulele filamentous, brown - diatoms.

Ndimele ndithi ukuba lona lisiza ikhephu elininzi ixesha zikwimeko ezolileyo. Kodwa entwasahlobo, xa iqabaka bit buthathaka, kukho ngokunzulu ukukhula lisiza. Live, bakholisa ukuba babe phezu iintsalela ikhephu endala kwiingxondorha okanye ezintabeni. Qala ukuphuhlisa ulele emanzini zinyibilikisiwe, oluthi luqokelelane phantsi ukukhanya yokuqala. Ebusuku, xa amaqondo obushushu uvikivwa, ukuba emkhenkceni kunye ulwelo.

ulwelwe Ikhephu inokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezininzi ehlabathini lonke, ubukhulu becala kwimimandla ezintabeni.

"Imbali" ezihambayo

Ngowe-1903, phezu Franz Josef Land yabonakala 'yintlahla "ngumkhenkce, esasenziwe Bulelani ukuba kuphuhliso amathanga elikhulu Chlamydomonas. I ice ulwelwe Russian afumaneka eMntla Urals, neCaucasus, Tien shan, ena, eSiberia, Urals Northern, Novaya Zemlya kunye nakwezinye iindawo ezininzi.

Kwakungqina ukuba nokugqama ikhephu ice - yinto isenzeko ngokubanzi. Ngoku kukho ngaphezu kokuba lona lisiza ezilikhulu ikhephu. Yinto eluhlaza ulele blue-eluhlaza kunye diatoms kunye eluhlaza-mthubi, yegolide. ECaucasus, wafumana kwangalaa ndlela Oonokrwece.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba xa ephezulu caca ezintabeni, incinci kukho ukwakheka uhlobo lwe lona lisiza. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwiimeko ezininzi kunzima ukuphila kuphela iintlobo ezimbalwa, ngoko, ukuba bathi kakhulu izinzile.

Isimanga, kodwa ke uphuhliso ngokufanelekileyo olumandla ulwelwe ithatha indawo sikumkhenkce Antarctica kunye Arctic. Kule mimandla, eyona kuphuhliswa iintlobo diatoms. Xa zizala kukuninzi, ngoko efafazwe emanzini ice kunye brown-mthubi okanye mdaka.

Ulwelwe abahlala kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, zinika akukho umkhenkce entlahleni kumphezulu wayo ngenxa ukuzala abaninzi, yaye kuzo zonke iintlobo emathambekeni okanye noqikelelo, ezo emanzini. Ekuqaleni, baba phezu emazantsi omkhenkce, kwaye emva koko ukufika ngengqele ngumkhenkce yemozulu. Xa kufika spring, le nomkhe- umkhenkce, yaye kunye beze komhlaba kwakunye nezityalo kunye naye.

Zonke ulwelwe bahlala kwiimeko ukupholisa engaqhelekanga, nabizelwa kriobionty. Kwiqondo lobushushu sityhafile nje encinane, kwakunye nezityalo multicellular kodwa, umzekelo, kelp.

Ulwelwe emanzini anetyuwa

Ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, ngaphezu kwamanzi anetyuwa, kokukhona eziphilayo kuwo ahlala kuyo. Oku kusebenza lona lisiza. abanye babo Kuphela athwale etyuwa eliphezulu. Kodwa ngendlela emanzini kanzulu kakhulu kuhlala iintlobo eziluhlaza ezineseli enye. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ulwelwe ngokwendalo ukuvelisa oluhlaza okanye obomvu "yintlahla". Amanzi amtyuba Undoqo wambi sigqunywa ngokupheleleyo nabo.

Ingakumbi ulwelwe abantu abanjalo ukuba amanzi anetyuwa kakhulu, maxa wambi kukhokelela iinkqubo engalindelekanga ezinto eziphilayo. Umzekelo, ukuyilwa peloid.

Ulwelwe ukuphila ngaphandle kwamanzi

Aerophilic ulwelwe siphila kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, qhagamshelana ngqo emoyeni. Indawo yoqobo kweentlobo enjalo phezu zeengxondorha, amatye, umthi ixolo.

Ngokutsho iqondo ukufuma, baye bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini: umoya namanzi-moya. Ubomi ulwelwe ohlukileyo kulawo kakhulu kwaye zibandakanya utshintsho ngesiquphe yaye rhoqo kwamaqondo obushushu nokufuma. Emini, aba nobulembu unamandla ngokwaneleyo ukufudumala yaye kubanda kakhulu ebusuku.

utshintsho olunjalo ngesiquphe zixhomekeke kuphela ulwelwe aerophilic. Noko ke, ukuba liziqhelanise kakuhle sisinde ezinjalo. Eyona projekthi inkulu weekoloni baphawula phezu kobuso zeengxondorha ezimanzi.

Imiba yophuhliso ulwelwe

Imiba ephambili echaphazela ukukhula lisiza kuba phambi ukufuma, ukukhanya, ubushushu, carbon, organic nezichumiso kwezimbiwa. Ulwelwe kuqhelekile kakhulu kulo lonke ihlabathi, ukuba inokufumaneka emanzini, phezu ixolo kwemithi, kumhlaba kwaye kumphezulu wayo, iindonga kwakha ngamatye, nkqu kwiindawo ezininzi ingalungile yokuhlala.

Isimanga, kodwa ezinye ntlobo kangaka apha ebomini kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo ukuba yomtshangatshangiso bazive bekhululekile, kwaye izale ekhuthele kakhulu.

Kuyinto yimpazamo ukukholelwa ukuba kweemeko amaqondo aphezulu nezisezantsi kakhulu, akukho ubomi. Oku ngokupheleleyo asiyonyani. Kubonakala ukuba kwiimeko ezinjalo ke live ulwelwe oluqhelekileyo kwiseli kunye multicellular. Azisoloko alibonakali ngeliso lenyama, kodwa bahlala kweegiza kushushu, yaye phezu ngumkhenkce.

kufunyaniswe zizazinzulu abathandwayo

Amaphononongo akutsha nje e eKamchatka kwakhokelela zebhayoloji ukuba iziphumo kakhulu ezingalindelekanga. Abaphandi le njongo: ukuphonononga emithonjeni ashushu ukuze umxholo mercury. Ekuqaleni ndandicinga ukuba amanzi avela kule mithombo i undrinkable.

Ngethuba lokwenza uphando, kwafunyaniswa ukuba omnye kuphela igiza yingozi. Kuyabonakala ke, kunye nezinye izinto kunokuba umdla. Izazi ngokuzithemba ndivakalisa ubhaqo amanzi ashushu kwi lona lisiza emnyama eliluhlaza filamentous. Kubonakala, kakuhle, oko isimanga kangaka. Kudala kwaziwa ukuba enyanisweni lokuhlala zabo kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Kodwa ke iqondo lobushushu Igiza uvavanyo yafikelela degrees 98. Nangona ngaphambili wagabadela umda lobushushu ezihlala kuzo kule ndawo asibhozo anesixhenxe degrees.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Ngokuba thina, indawo ahlala ulwelwe yokuhlala isithuba yamanzi. Kodwa ke, njengoko sele sibonile, oku akuyonyaniso. Phakathi kwazo iintlobo ngokwaneleyo ezonwabileyo kwaye ephuma emanzini. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko kanti, lona lisiza abe ebanzi kakhulu lobushushu uluhlu zokuhlala ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye eziphilayo. Bayakwazi ukuba siphile kuphela, kodwa lokuyivelisa kwiimeko ezininzi eziqatha,, kuyabonakala ukuba, akakwazi kuba apho nto ophilayo. Ke ezinye iintlobo wamkelekile kakhulu yaye bekhululekile.