Ukuhamba, Izikhombisi
Iinqaba Zamaxesha France: iifoto, amabali, iintsomi
IFransi ihlukaniswe ngumlambo waseLoire ukuya kumantla asezantsi nakumazantsi. Ngamnye unemimoya yemo. Indawo ehlekileyo yobuhle idumiwe kwiidolophana zayo, ezinokubaluleka kwembali, iindawo eziphathekayo, iwayini elungileyo, izikhumbuzo eziqingqiweyo zakhiwo kunye neenqaba.
Kwintlambo unako ukubala malunga neendawo ezingama-300. Unokubona ezininzi kwiinqaba zaseFransi kwimaphu ezantsi. Phakathi kwazo kukho iinqaba zendalo ezinokuzikhusela nezakhiwo ezikhuselayo. Ngomsebenzi wokwakha, abaqulunqi beendawo ezibalaseleyo kunye nabakhi bezakhiwo zale minyaka baqeshwe.
Ngeli xesha, iingxande ezininzi zeenqaba kunye neenqaba zaseFransi ziyaqhubeka zizimeleyo, ezinye zivulelekile kuluntu jikelele, kodwa kukho ezinye iehotele ezisebenza ngoku.
I-Plessis-Bourret Castle
Le nqaba enqabileyo itholakala kummandla wase-Ecuia, kummandla weLoire, kufuphi neAngers. I-Plessis-Burr igcinwe ngokugqibeleleyo, abaninzi abakhenkethi bayayibona ngendlela efanayo eyakhelwe ngayo iminyaka engama-500 edlulileyo. Inqaba iyinkqubo yokuhlaziywa kobuNtshatsheli kunye neendlela eziphakathi.
Xa uyilo, umsebenzi wawukukwakha encinci, ngexesha elifanayo, inqaba yoqobo eneempawu eziyimfuneko. Ukongezelela, uPlessis-Burré wayenokukhululeka kwaye efanelekileyo, ukuze umninimzi ahlale apho, memela iindwendwe ezininzi kwaye ubambe iibhola ezahlukeneyo. Umakhi wezakhiwo wakwazi ukuphumeza zonke ezi mfuno. Inqabeni inqwelwana kwintsimi ye-59 ukuya kuma-68 yamitha. Njengamanye amaqonga aphakathi eFransi, amagumbi ayo azalise iinqaba. I-moat igugu malunga naso sonke isakhiwo, apho kunokwenzeka khona ukuwela kuphela ibhuloho elincinci lokuphakamisa - i-bridgehead eyakhelwe ukukhusela. Ngelo xesha, indawo yashiywe phakathi kwe-moat nodonga ukuze umnini-nqaba abe nenendawo yokuhamba.
EChenonceau Castle
Xa uhamba ngeloLwandle lwaseLoire, umntu akanakunceda ukuphawula inqaba yaseChenonceau (eFransi), eyakhiwa ngo-1515-1521. Kwindlela yokuzalwa kwe-Renaissance kunye ne-Gothic ekupheleni kwaye ijikelezwe ngegadi.
Le chateau ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo aphethwe nguCatherine de 'Medici noFrancis I. Bonke abanikazi benqaba bavuselela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaze kwaba yilapho bewela kwilifa leMagnier (ngo-1914), benza umsebenzi we-tshocolate. Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kweendawo zangaphakathi kwagqitywa kuphela ngo-1951. Ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwamagumbi namagumbi, ngenxa yoko, akuzange kuguquke. Kuza kube namhlanje, iChenonceau Castle yindwendwe yelizwe elivakatyelele kakhulu. Ukuze ungachukumisi i-cedi cedi, kungcono ukuza apha kusasa ekuseni. Kukho ithuba lokuqasha isicatshulwa somsindo okhutshwayo-uya kukuxelela yonke imbali yezi ndawo.
Mont-Saint-Michel
Emngceleni wamaPhondo aseBrittany naseNormandy, emlonyeni womlambo. Kusnon, kukho isiqithi esincinci. Njengoko umxholo uthi, uMikayeli uMikayeli ngo-708 weza kubhishophu waseAvranches St. Oberu, emva koko wamyala ukuba akhe ibandla kule ndawo. Icawa yagqitywa ukuba yenze ngendlela yenkqantosi. Kule ntaba bafumene iindawo zokuhlala zomthandazo, eziye zafika emva kwelo xesha.
Ngeli xesha, i-castle yaseMont-Saint-Michel yenye yezona ndawo ziqingqiweyo eziqingqiweyo zelizwe. Ukufikelela okungcono kwezokhenketho kwi-abbey, kwakhiwa idama apha - izithuthi zihamba kunye nayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwakha kwakukho iingxaki ngendalo, ngoko baya kutshabalalisa, kwaye endaweni yokulimala, ukwakha ibhuloho.
Inqaba yaseChambord
Le yindawo yokuhlala enhle kunazo zonke ookumkani, efumaneka kwiLowire. Le nqaba inokukhuphisana kwizinga elikhulu nakwiVersailles. Ekuqaleni kweChambord Castle yayithathwa njengendawo yokuzingela ngokuqhelekileyo, ingqina ngandlela-thile malunga namandla ookumkani. Kungenzeka ukuba, ngokokuba uFrancis I, owayenxaxheba ekwakhiweni kwesi siko, akazange avumele imali yokumiswa kwayo.
Le ngqungquthela ngumzekelo ocacileyo we-synthesis synthesis of the architecture of the Italian Renaissance and forms. Yakha izindlu ezizodwa, ezenzelwe nguLeonardo da Vinci ngokwakhe. Kwabo ba tyelela le nqaba, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhambe ngepaki yayo - yindawo yokugcina indawo ehlala kwindawo eyi-5,540 hektare. Ngendlela, akufuneki ukuba uyibone le ndawo kwindawo ethile.
IThe Leudes Castle
Ukuqhubela phambili ukufunda iinqaba zaseLouire (eFransi), iifoto zazo ezichazwe kweli nqaku, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungakhankanyi uLuud. Yakhiwe kwii-X-XI iinkulungwane njengesiqalo sokuzivikela. Le nqaba yakhiwa ukuze ikhusele ekuhlaselweni kukaNorman kobukumkani base-Angevin naseBrithani. Kodwa inqaba yayisezandleni zutshaba, kwaye kuphela kwikota yeXV yabuyela kwisikratshi saseFransi. UMarshal Gilles de Re, owabetha intshaba esuka apho, wafumana inqaba njengomvuzo.
Le nqaba inomdla wokudibanisa ukudibanisa kwezitayela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuhluka kwabo kubonakala kwi-decoration, ifenitshala kunye neendawo zangaphakathi. Ngethuba elivulekileyo kubakhenkethi.
Fortress Krussol
Iqonga laseKrussol lakhiwa ngekhulu le-XII ukukhusela intlambo yomlambo. Rhone. Ukuqiniswa kwalokhu kwakulinde umda weFransi ukusuka ekuhlaselweni kwase-Itali. Ngexesha lokwakha, la mazwe ayengowakwaGerald Bastet, inkosi.
Inqaba yayimiswe kwinqanaba le-limestone kwaye lalimelela umboniso obalaseleyo kunye nenqaku elinamandla. Kwakuyintloko yendawo ejikelezile. Indalo enqabileyo yemvelo yaqhubeka iqinisa izindonga. Le nqaba yayingenakunakwenzeka.
Isakhiwo esiphezulu sihlala kumahektare amathathu. Udonga lokuqala lwezakhiwo alufakiwe. Kwadalwa ukukhusela idolophana encinane edibene nenqaba. Yayibala izindlu ezingaphezu kwama-100.
Inqaba yaseKriussol kwiminyaka ye-XVI, xa i-internecine iimfazwe zaqala, yayisentliziyweni yokulwa. Amakhosi amakhosi asekuhlaleni azama ukubamba indawo ephakamileyo phantsi komgaqo wokukhusela inkolo. Inqaba ngexesha lokulwa labhujiswa, kwaye ngeli xesha lihlala libhubha.
Chaumont-sur-Loire
Ukuqwalasela iinqaba zaseLouire, umntu akanakukunyamekela le nto. Kwi-bhanki edwaleni lomlambo, phakathi kweedolophu zaseBlois naseTour, le pearl yangempela yendawo yokwakha yasebukhosini yafihlwa.
Imbali yale nqaba enhle ixhunyaniswe ngqo kunye negama likaDiyana de Poitiers, uCatherine de Medici, noNostradamus kunye neenkosana ezahlukeneyo, kunye nabo abaphendulelwa kuba yindawo ehlala kuyo. Kuze kube yiminyaka, le nqaba iyamkela iDown Garden Garden. Kunyaka ngamnye, ubuncinci begadi ezingama-30 zenziwe ngabaculi bendawo, abaqulunqi bemvelo, abagadi beligadi kwi-tarmac.
Inqaba yeAngers
Kwinqanaba lembali leli lizwe, kwisebe leMadoda neLoire, liyinqaba yase-Angera. Lalifumana igama layo kwisixeko saloo gama. Ngethuba lokubunjwa kwalo, iinqaba zidla ngokubangela umzabalazo wezopolitiko phakathi kweFransi neNgilani. Iindonga zayo ezinkulu, ezidalwe ngeendlela ezininzi, zanyanzeliswa ngokubanzi. Le nqaba yayisinye sezixhobo eziphambili zelizwe.
Kwaqala ukwakhiwa ngekhulu lesithoba kwiinjongo zokulwa nokuhlasela kwamaRoma. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithathu, yayinezixhobo ezinqabileyo. Kwaye kwakunokomelezwa nokwandiswa kwezakhiwo zayo zokuzikhusela.
Iqonga ixesha elithile lalihlala kuRene Anjou, oye wahlela apho iindawo zokuvakasha kunye neeholide zombhalo. Ngenxa yeemfazwe eziqhubekayo kwintandathu yeshumi elinesibhozo, iinqaba zawela ekuhleni, yaye uHenry III wamyala ukuba atshabalalise. Kodwa inqaba yayinamandla kangangokuba yayingenakwenziwa, kwaye umsebenzi wagqitywa. Kungekudala kwakukho ukubandakanyeka okukhulu kukaFrançoise Lorraine noKhesari Vandomsky.
Ukucingelwa kweendwendwe kusasaza i-tapestry enkulu "Apocalypse". Le mveliso ingamamitha angamakhulu ubude ubude.
I-Clos-Lousse Castle
Ukuqhubela phambili ukufunda iinqaba zaseFransi, iifoto ezibonakalayo kweli nqaku, kubalulekile ukugqamisa i-Clo-Luce. Esi sakhiwo selitye kunye nelitye elimhlophe lakhiwa kwisiseko esinoozinzulu kwixesha lamaHalo-Roman. Umnini wenqaba wayeyintandokazi yasebukhosini u-Etienne Le Lu, owayengumncedisi we-Plessis-le-Tours.
Inqaba yesiganeko esivela kwixesha elide liye laphila nanamhla. Yayinxalenye yenkqubo eqhelekileyo yezakhiwo ezikhuselayo. Iinqaba zengqungquthela zanyanzeliswa ngamacandelo ophuhliso lwama-Renaissance - isakhiwo sabo safunyanwa emva kokuthengwa kweqonga nguCharles VIII.
Isakhiwo sajika saba yindawo yokuhlala yookumkani, yayihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso eqingqiweyo ngelitye, kwaye kwakhiwa i-chapel ku-Anna Brittany. Ngesinye isikhathi kwakukho uFrancis I, uLeonardo da Vinci, uMargarita waseNararre, apha wayehlala uBad de la Bourdesier (uthanda ukumkani).
Inqaba ngexesha le-Revolution ayichithanga ngenxa yemizamo yentsapho yase-D'Amboise. Ngaphezu koko, waba yipropati yentsapho yaseSanta Bri - kwilifa layo kusekho ngoku. Abameli bale ndlu bazama ukuphinda babuye kubonakala kwinqaba kunye neendawo zangaphambili zangaphakathi.
Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo, uLeonardo da Vinci owaziwayo wayehlala apha. Okwangoku, ukubuyiswa kubandakanyeke kubakhi bezakhiwo, abaphathi beelitye kunye neenkuni, abaculi, ababuyisela. Okokuqala, iHolo yabaGadadi iya kulungiswa (kwakuyikhishini ngaphantsi kweLeonardo), ngoko izakhiwo eziphantsi komhlaba ziya kuhlaziywa, apho oomatshini abenziwe ngumbono womculi uya kulungiswa, kunye neHolo enkulu yeBhunga. Ukongeza, uyabona amagumbi kaLeonardo da Vinci kunye noMargarita waseNararre.
Amboise Castle
Ngokuqwalasela iinqaba eziphantsi kweFransi, kuyafaneleka ukuba siqaphele le nto inqabileyo kwiLoire. Waqala ibali lakhe kwikhulu leshumi elinanye. Ngako oko, wafumana amaxesha amaninzi ahlukeneyo - wayehlala kwindawo yobukhosi kunye nenqaba enamandla ephakathi, i-factory factory kunye nentolongo ... Le ngqungquthela yahanjelwa ngabantu abaninzi, abafilosofi, abaculi nabadwebi baseYurophu. Ngamnye utyelelo uya kuba nomdla ekuhambeni kwiinqaba zamahashe kunye namagumbi okumkani, qha ga mshelana kunye nefenitshala enemimandla, ujonge igadi enhle ye-panoramic yaseLouire ogwini.
Inqaba ukuba
Abaninzi abadumileyo kwi-novel A. Inqaba yaseDumas itholakala kumzantsi weFransi. Yakhelwe ukukhusela isixeko ekuhlaselweni kolwandle. Walaya ukwakhiwa kukaFrancis I, nangona i-castle yayingakaze ihlaselwe, ngenxa yokuba iye yagcinwa kuze kube yimhla ngokugqibeleleyo.
I-Marcel yanamhlanje iyaziqhayisa ngokuthe tye-yenye yezinto ezikhangayo. Ngoko, iNqabeni Ukuba kukho uhambo olukhokelwayo, kukho i-cafe epholileyo, kunye neepastadi kunye neembulelo.
Kwangexesha elide le nqaba yayisetyenziswe njengentolongo, kuba yayiyindawo engcono kakhulu yokuthunjwa-ukusuka apho kwakungeke kwenzeke ukubaleka ngenxa yeendlela ezinamandla ezisuka kummandla wolunxweme. Kwinqaba kwakukho iiseli ezingenazo iifestile, ezisebunzulu bezakhiwo, nangona abantu bephumelele kwakukho ezinye iimeko - babekho kwingxenyeni enkulu yesakhiwo apho kwakunokwenzeka ukuba banandipha ulwandle kwaye baphefumle umoya omtsha.
Kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi elinesithoba, intolongo yayeka ukuba khona, kwaye i-castle yaba yindawo ephambili yelizwe.
Castle Serran
Inqaba yaseSerran yakhiwa ngekhulu lesithandathu, kodwa, njengamagosa amaninzi eFransi, isakhiwo sasendulo sakhiwa ngokutsha kwiiminyaka ezizayo. Ipropati yayingowokuqala kwintsapho yeLe Bree - yacela imvume yokwakha kusuka eLouis XI. Eyilwe nguThilibert Delorme owaziwayo.
Emva kokutshintshwa, umoya wobuNtshatsheli, owawuphawu lwesithuba sikaFrancis I (apho kwakukusekwe khona zonke iinqaba zaseLoire, kusekho). Izinto ezindala kunazo zonke ze-castle ziiindonga zekhonkco kunye neendlwana, ezidibeneyo kunye ne-domes house kunye neefestile ezinkulu. Iinqaba eziphezulu zihlotshiswe nge-balustrades.
Kwi-facade yesakhiwo, ehlotshiswe ngentshukumo yesimo esingunxantathu, yakha umzekelo omhle wohlobo olunxwemeni olumhlophe kunye nomthunzi omnyama omnyama.
Kwinqaba, ingaphakathi lwangaphakathi kunye neelayibrari enkulu kunye neettostries zagcinwa.
Inqaba yaseCarcassonne
Yinto ekhethekileyo yobugcisa bokuzikhusela kunye nezomkhosi, obangalisa ngobukhulu bayo namandla. Inqaba yaseCarcassonne (eFransi) iqulethwe ngodonga obunamitha-khilomitha ubude obuninzi kunye neendonga, ezibonakalayo zenza bonke abantu bathuthumele.
Into ehlukile yenkqantosi kukuba kule ndawo iyindawo eqhelekileyo yokuphila - iimoto eziqhubayo kunye nabantu basekuhlaleni bahlala. Apha ungaziziva ungumlinganiselo opheleleyo ohlala kwisixeko esiphakathi - umnyango ukhululekile kwaye ukhululekile kwiqonga!
Inqaba yaseCarcassonne isempuma-mpuma kwicala elifanelekileyo lomlambo. Ok. Ejikelezileyo kukho umqolo ombini weendonga kunye nobude obude malunga neekhilomitha ezi-3, ezithweswe iinqwelwe ngama-52. Le nqaba eYurophu ngexesha layo yayicingelwa ukuba yinto engenakulinganiswa. Kwintsimi yayo yintsikekisi kunye nenqaba yaseKomtal. Ukususela ngo-1997 le nqaba yafakwa kwiluhlu lwe-UNESCO.
I-Clo-Luce Castle
Kakade, akuzona zonke iinqaba zaseFransi zidibene negama likaLeonardo da Vinci owaziwayo, kodwa kungekhona lo. ULeonardo kwisimemo sikaFrancis Nd ndandwendwela kule ndawo ndahlala apha iminyaka emithathu yokugqibela yobomi bakhe. Eli xesha wazinikezela ekugqityeni umsebenzi kwimidwebo yakhe kunye nemigqaliselo. Ukuhamba apha kuya kuba mnandi kwaye kunomdla kumntu wonke. Kule ndawo imidwebo kunye neendlela zokwenza izinto zeNkosi ziza kubomi, apha zonke iindwendwe ziya kukwazi ukufumana ihlabathi eliyinyaniso le ngqiqo.
Ge Pean Castle
Ukufunda iinqaba ezininzi zaseFransi, kukufanelekile ukukhankanya lesi sakhiwo esiphakathi, sakhiwe kufuphi nePontevua kwii-XIV-XV zeenkulungwane. Yesikwere ngokubhekiselele kwinqanaba lokuzingela. Iindonga zenkqantosi zineentonga eziphelile kunye nomhlaba. Zonke iiyunithi zayo zezindlu zihlelwe ngendlela yileta "P", eyenza inkundla enkulu ngaphakathi. Isakhiwo esiyinhloko sihlotswe ngeendonga ezijikelezayo, kwaye kwi-facade kukho ezininzi iifestile ezikhethileyo, ngenxa yokuba kwiindawo zokuhlala zihlala zikhulu ukukhanya.
Apha kwakukho iintwendwe ezifana noHenry II, uFrancis I, uLafayette, uBalzac. Amagumbi angaphakathi ahlotshiswe ngethambo lokubuyisela.
Okwangoku, umnini nguMarquis de Kegelen. Inqaba ivulelekile kwiindwendwe, ngelixa amagumbi akhe adume kakhulu yi-salon, iHolo yeeGards, ithala leencwadi kunye ne-chapel. Ukuhlobisa i-interiors, imisebenzi eminingi yobugcisa yayisetyenziswe, kule ndawo ifenitshala kaLouis XV kunye ne-XVI, iindonga zi-tapestries ezintle. Ukuhlobisa iinqaba zengqungquthela kukuloluhlu lwabaculi abadumileyo, phakathi kwabo uRigo, uJean-Louis David, uFragonard, uGuido Reni, u-Andrea del Sarto.
IVersailles evelelekileyo
I-Versailles, njengenye yeenkampu ezidumileyo zelizwe, zithatha ngonyaka malunga neendwendwe ezigidi ezi-3. Le ndlu enkulu kakhulu yakhiwa ngo-1624 iLouis XIII njengendlu yokuzingela. Kamva wanda, waba yindawo yokuhlala yonke intsapho yasebukhosini. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zebhotwe ziquka i-corridor nge-arches ezi-17 ezidibeneyo, iHolo yezibuko kunye nenani elikhulu lezinye iinkcukacha ezithandekayo. Abavakatyeli kwigumbi likaKumkanikazi banokubona umnyango ofihliweyo - uMaria Antoinette wamkhupha. I-Versailles kunye neeholo zayo ezimangalisayo nje kufuneka. Akufanele sikhohlwe malunga neegadi ezingama-250 zeebrari, ezibonisa idyll yejometri yeendlela, iintyatyambo nemithi.
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