Iintlobo zokulungisa. Iintlobo zokugqitywa. Uhlobo lokulungiswa kobugcisa

Ukulungiswa kuthiwa yinkqubo yokutshintsha, ukuhlaziya okanye ukuphucula nantoni na, kwakunye nokubuyisela iimpawu zangaphambili zento.

Kuxhomekeke kwizinto, iintlobo zokulungisa zingahluka.

Iintlobo zomsebenzi wokulungisa kwindlu

Ziziphi iintlobo zokulungisa kunye nendlela ezahlukileyo ngayo? Masizame ukuqonda lo mbuzo. Ngokomthamo, ukulungiswa kungabonakalisa iziqholo, inkunzi kwaye iphuculwe.

Cosmetic

Oku kubandakanya umsebenzi wokulungisa, ojolise ekuphuculeni ukubonakala kwendlu, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukwakhiwa kwegumbi kunye nesakhiwo sendawo kunye neendonga. Le nto ingaba izixhobo zokucwangcisa kakuhle.

Lo luhlobo olulula kakhulu lomsebenzi wokulungisa. Iindleko zayo ziphantsi kakhulu. Imisebenzi eyenziwa:

• Ukudilika;
• Putty;
• Iphepha lodonga;
• Udwebo;
• Ukubeka izambatho zomgangatho;
• Uhlengahlengiso lwezinto zokuhlambulula amanzi.

Ukugqithiswa kwezindlu

Olu hlobo lomsebenzi lusetyenziselwa xa kudingekile ukucima ukonakala komzimba ngaphandle kokutshintsha iiparitha zendawo yokuhlala.

Iindleko zokuqulunqa iintlobo zomsebenzi ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• Umgangatho wesifo;
• Ukutshintshwa kweengcango;
• Ukufakwa kwetambo;
• Ukuhamba ngokufihlakeleyo kwemibhobho;
• Ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo zokusebenza.

Ukuphuculwa kwendawo yokuhlala

Apha sithetha ngemisebenzi yokulungiswa kwekhwalithi, apho kusetyenziswe ubuchwephesha bokwakha bwanamhlanje. Kwakhona kuthiwa ukulungiswa kwezinga laseYurophu.

Iintlobo zemisebenzi:

• Ukulinganisa ubulili ngaphantsi kwinqanaba;
• Ukuphucula okuphuculweyo, umzobo oluhlu lwesithathu;
• Ukufakwa kweebhodi ze-siling skirting;
• Umgangatho wesifo;
• Umsebenzi weParquet;
• Ukutshintshwa kwama-radiators;
• Ukufakwa kwenkqubo "efudumele";
• Ukufakwa kwamanzi okucoca;
• Ukwenza iphrojekthi yoyilo;
• Ukuthengwa nokufakela ifenitshala.

Ukuba sisebenzisana nezixhobo zombane, inkcazelo yokulungiswa kwemisebenzi iya kuhluka.

Ukulungiswa kwangoku

Le mi sebenzi yenziwa ukwenzela ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwezixhobo, kwaye ziquka ukutshintshwa okanye ukulungiswa kwamacandelo ayo kunye namalungu.

Ngokuhambelana noluphi uhlobo lwezinto eziphambili eziye zenzeka kuloluhlobo oluthile lwezixhobo, kunye nokuxhomekeka kohlobo kunye nomlinganiselo womsebenzi, ukulungiswa kwangoku kungabokuqala okanye kwesibini. Imisebenzi ekufuneka yenziweyo ilawulwa kumaphepha ekulungiselelo kwesebenzi yamandla kagesi.

Ukulungiswa kwangoku kubandakanya ukutshintshwa kwamalungu kunye neendibano, ukubeka umgca wokulungisa kunye neengubo zokulwa nokubola, ukuhlaziywa kwamashishini kunye nezixhobo, ukulawula ukuchaneka kwezixhobo zokulinganisa.

Ukulungisa ukulungiswa kwezixhobo zombane kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kumaphu amakhemikhali athile.

Ukuhlawula

Ukulungiswa, okwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubonelela kunye nokubuyiselwa okupheleleyo kwezixhobo zamaparitha kunye nokubuyisela okanye ukubuyiselwa kwazo zonke iindidi zayo, kuquka eziphambili. Inxalenye eyisisiseko yezixhobo ithathwa njengesiseko esisodwa. Kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukukwakha nokufaka ezinye izinto kuyo. Olu hlobo lomsebenzi lufanele lubangele okungenani u-80% ukubuyiswa kwesibonelelo se sixhobo ngokuthelekiswa nomtsha.

Ukuqulunqwa kubandakanya ezo ntlobo zokusebenza:

• Zonke iindawo ezigqithisiweyo kunye nezixhobo zithatyathwa okanye zibuyiselwe;
• Ukufakela kunye nebhebri kufuneka kuthathelwe indawo;
• Izixhobo zihlanganisene kwaye zijoliswe kuyo;
• Ukuvavanywa kwezixhobo.

Ukuze wenze ulungelelwaniso ngokuchanekileyo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izimo zobugcisa eziphuhliswa kwishishini ngalinye kwizinto zokusebenza.

Iintlobo zesondlo

Ukugcinwa kunye neentlobo zokulungiswa kweemoto zenziwa ngokuhambelana nesistim sokulondoloza. Ubume bokuba kukuba yonke imoto ishedyuli yesevisi ekhethekileyo isetyenziswe, enyanzelekileyo ukuphunyezwa. Umsebenzi oyintloko wokondliwa ukukhusela ukungasebenzi kunye nokungaphumeleli, ukuphelisa ingozi yomonakalo kwiindawo ngexesha lohambo, ngokukhawuleza ukuphelisa ukuphazamiseka okuphazamisa ukusebenza komatshini phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.

Isondlo senziwa ngenjongo yokukhusela, xa isixhobo asizange siphume kwaye sisebenza.

Ukuba izixhobo zihluleka, ukubuyiswa kwayo kubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa.

Ukungaphumeleli - ukungaphumeleli kwemoto, okubandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwexeshana kwindlela yokusebenza rhoqo.

Zonke ezinye iinguqu ezintle kwisimo sobugcisa bezithuthi kunye nezixhobo zazo zibhekwa njengento engasebenzi.

Iinkonzo zokulondoloza ziquka ukuhlamba imisebenzi, ukubeka iliso kunye nomsebenzi wokuxilonga, ukuxhoma, ukucoca, ukulungiswa kwempahla, ukulungiswa kunye nezinye iintlobo zemisebenzi, ezisoloko ziqhutyelwa ngaphandle kokusatshalaliswa kokuqala kwamashishini.

Ngaphantsi kwemigangatho yokugcina yesondlo, iintlobo zesondlo kunye nokulungiswa zilandelayo:

• Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke;
• Eyokuqala;
• Okwesibini;
• Ngonyaka.

Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kubandakanya ukucocwa, ukuhlamba kunye nokubeka esweni jikelele imeko yezobugcisa beemoto, ukwenzela ukuba ukhuseleko kunye nokubonakala kwendlela ekugcinwa ngayo kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Ubanjwe ekupheleni kweemoto kwaye ngaphambi kokuqala komhla wokusebenza.

Kwilondolozo lokuqala, ngaphandle kwentsuku eyenziweyo, kubandakanya inani leemisebenzi ezongezelelweyo ezihambelana nokuzibopha, ukugcoba kunye nokulungiswa, kungadingi ukukhutshwa kweeyunithi kunye nezixhobo zemoto.

Isondlo sesibini, ngaphezu kwezinto ezibandakanyiweyo kwi-TO-1, zibandakanya imisebenzi yokuxilonga, ukulawula nokulungiswa, umthamo omkhulu kunye nokufuna ukuhluthwa ngokukodwa kweeyunithi zezithuthi. Inombolo yezixhobo zisuswa kumatshini kwaye zihlolwe kwiimpawu ezizodwa.

Imoto yokulondolozwa kwonyaka ilawulwa kabini ngonyaka. Iqukethe ekusebenzeni imisebenzi edibene nokutshintsha kwamaxesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo idibeneyo kwimifanekiso ene-TO-2. Impawu yokwenza imisebenzi yokugcinwa kwenkxaso yonyaka yindlela yokuhlambulula inkqubo yokupholisa, ukutshintshwa kweoli kunye nerhasi kwixesha elizayo lexesha elizayo, ukulawula nokulungiswa kwenkqubo yombane. Kwi-ekwindla-ebusika CR kuyimpawu ukujonga ukusebenza komlambo wokuqala kunye nokufudumeza kwi-cab yeemoto.

Ishedyuli yomsebenzi wokulondoloza imoto iqulunqwe ngesiseko semitha kwaye imiselwe yimimiselo yokusebenza yesithuthi.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwinkimbinkimbi ukwahlula ezo ntlobo zokulungiswa kobugcisa: ngoku kunye nenkunzi.

Iintlobo zokulungiswa kwempahla ehleliweyo

Iimpahla ezilungisiweyo kufuneka zigcinwe kwimeko enhle, njengoko ngexesha lokusebenza zivame ukugqithisa kwaye zingapheli.

Isixhobo sokulondolozwa kweempawu zomsebenzi we-OS into ukuhlolwa kwayo.

Ukuba ukuphulwa komqathango wezobugcisa kubonwa ngenxa yokuhlolwa kobugcisa, into iya kubuyiselwa ngoncedo lokulungiswa, kunye nokuvuselelwa okanye ukuhlaziywa.

Iintlobo ezimbini zokugqibela zomsebenzi zihluke ekuthwaleni kwazo zinokunyusa iindleko zokuqala zento kwaye zitshintshe iimpawu zayo kunye nenjongo yokusetyenziswa.

Yintoni ukulungiswa? Kukutshintshwa kweendawo ezingaphumelekanga kunye ezintsha ngaphandle kokutshintsha imisebenzi yento. Kukho iintlobo zokulungiswa, ezifana nokulungiswa kwamanje kunye nenkunzi.

Ngokwenza njalo, kunzima ukuba imibutho ibone uhlobo luni lomsebenzi okwenziweyo, ngoko siza kujonga ngakumbi kule ngqiqo.

Ngokomthetho, ukuba umsebenzi uqhutyelwa ngethuba elingaphantsi konyaka, oko kulungiswa kuthiwa ngoku. Kwixesha elininzi, ungathetha malunga nenkunzi.

Ukulungiswa kwangoku kwenziwa rhoqo ngokusekelwe kwiishedyuli, ezenziwe zinoxanduva lokusebenza kwezakhiwo.

Ukugqitywa kwempahla echanekileyo

Olu luhlobo olunzima kakhulu lokulungiswa kwempahla echanekileyo. Ixesha lokusebenza kwalo lugqitywa ngongqongqo lwento. Ininzi idla ngokuqhubekayo kwiminyaka embalwa, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha ixesha elide.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngexesha lokugqitywa, isibonelelo sixhatshazwe ngokupheleleyo kunye nokutshintshwa kweendawo kunye nezindlela eziye zagqoka kunye nokulila. Ukuba lolu hlobo lomsebenzi lwenziwe kwizakhiwo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha isakhiwo kunye neenkcukacha zesakhiwo. Musa nje ukwenza indawo epheleleyo yezakhiwo ezizinzileyo njengeziseko. Ukuqhathaniswa kudla ngokuqhutywa ngokubandakanyeka kweekonkontile, kuba kufuna ukuqeqeshwa okuphezulu.

Iintlobo zokuqulunqwa kwezakhiwo zoshishino:

• Inkomfa, apho isakhiwo sonke sibandakanyeka;
• Ekhethwe xa izakhiwo zodwa zilungiswa.