Imbali, uphuhliso kunye nohlobo Tatarstan

Republic, eyaziwa namhlanje phantsi kwegama Tatarstan, uye ubutyebi bembali. Ubungqina lokuqala zokuhlaliswa kwabantu ngalo mhla mhlaba emva kwexesha Paleolithic. Noko ke, kwakukho ezikhumbuzo kuqala ezivela iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo zakudala.

History of the Republic of Tatarstan

Ngophuhliso zobugcisa namathuba ukutshintsha watshintsha kunye neziphumo lamandla oluntu. Ngethuba lenguqu ukusuka yeBronzi ukuya Iron Age wavela yaye liphuhlise ananyino inkcubeko, le bemeko- leyo bahlala iVolga-Kame. Kukho ubungqina bokuba kwixesha ukusuka VIII ukuya VII BC ngenkulungwane kulo mmandla wabonakala izizwe Sarmatian kunye nenkcubeko Gorodets.

Imbali Tatarstan ibonisa ukuba inguqulelo entsha ezikhumbuzo yenkcubeko apho kuthiwa "pyanoborskaya". Bona buzinze Lower Kama. Ebudeni benkulungwane III-IV kulo mhlaba waqalisa ndzulu zamaTurkic kunye Ugric izizwe eSiberia, nelawula kamva ukuba bathabath 'uluntu lwemveli ukusuka kweenxweme Kama River. Oku ungqina ngokuthi Turayevo zokungqinga, yinto lesikhumbuzo yembali. Bafumanisa sangcwatywa kunye nomkhosi isixhobo. Ngexesha IV kwaye VII iinkulungwane indawo eyinhloko weRiphablikhi mihla Tatarstan abantu Living Imenkov inkcubeko.

uphuhliso Tatarstan

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba inkcubeko kunye noqoqosho baphiwa kakhulu olwahluke, ukuba phezulu V - VIII iinkulungwane Kama uziva nempembelelo enamandla kumazwe asaphuhlayo gunii Region iVolga kunye Western zamaTurkic kunye Khazar Khanate.

History of Tatarstan ukhankanya ubukho iVolga Bulgaria kwixesha VIII - XIII iinkulungwane.

data ezibhaliweyo, alondolozwe kwezo maxesha, musa ukunika ulwazi lokwenene yaye yandiswa ngale meko. Noko ke, loo nto ixela ukuba apha yaba yinxalenye yommandla kummandla Northern iVolga: Zakamye, Predkame, i-Pre. Abanye ababhali-mbali bayavuma ukuba kumda osemantla ka iVolga Bulgaria wegqitha ngaphaya kodonga lasekunene Kama kunye nasentshonalanga - ecaleni Sviyagi. Umda wasempumalanga umlambo weza Shischmu kunye elingasemzantsi kufuphi Samara Bend. Okwangoku, abanye abaphandi nabavumayo imbono eyahlukileyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imida Bulgaria zaba banzi kakhulu.

Ixesha olulandelayo kwimbali weRiphabliki Tatarstan - ukusekwa Kazan Khanate. Umsunguli kwayo Kazan Khan - Ulu Muhammad. Wayithimba Kazan ngo-1438 kwaye Wabaphelisa inkosana Bulgarian, wavakalisa khanate wamisa ubukhosi bakhe. Umphumo waba umbuso waba ezihlangwini esemthethweni Bulgaria. Kungekudala emva, ngo-1552, Kazan yathinjwa Tsar Ivan IV, kunye imimandla yoyiswa wajoyina i-State eMoscow. Ukususela ngoko, uphuhliso asebenzayo Tatarstan.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ikomkhulu Republic of Tatarstan yenye kumaziko ezinkulu inkcubeko, ezopolitiko kunye nezobunzululwazi Russia.

I amahle Republic Russia

Tatarstan Nature negalelo yokuba lo mmandla liye laphuhlisa laze wayitwabulula nokhenketho. Kweli nqanaba, oko zidibana imilambo ezimbini ezinkulu - iVolga kunye Kama. Ubukho imozulu epholileyo epholileyo kumazwekazi kwenza kube lula ukuvelisa iiholide ski, apho akukho analogue kwilizwe lethu. Nature of the Republic of Tatarstan owuthanda ngobuhle bayo. Panorama Ngenxa uMlambo Kama, isaqhwithi, kwaye ubuhle abanalo entabeni-amathafa bewitches, atsho abakhenkethi ukuba sibuyele apha kwakhona kwaye kwakhona. Nkqu bendawo akakwazi ukuyeka ancome uhlobo elizweni labo lokuzalwa. Tatarstan angazishiyi nabani akanankathalo. Xa imozulu ecacileyo enelanga elundini banxibe iinqaba intsimbi lwamabandla zamaKristu, kwakunye minaret of neemosque Muslim Elaburgi. esililini ehlwahlwazayo komlambo kunye amaninzi amachibi, leyo ukunika komso eqaqambileyo, kwaye Grand Bohr odumileyo andiyekanga ukukholisa abalandeli bokwenyaniso kwinkangeleko yendalo.

resort yezempilo yesizwe

Nature Tatarstan wayesaziwa amayeza. emathafeni kolimo umoya, ephilisayo microclimate ihlathi engumxube, ayegcwele izinto zamachiza - fitontsidami, nemithombo yamanzi izimbiwa bonke negalelo ibuyambo ekhawulezileyo komzimba. Kulo mba, anayo emininzi iminyaka sanatoria kunye iiholide nempilo Tatarstan bamatasa climatotherapy.

imimandla ekhuselweyo

Nature of Tatarstan yi nelesmarado odumileyo enkulu Bohr, ngubani na makwazeke kuni nonke mizobo abaculi Russian Shishkin "Morning ehlathini pine." Phakathi kwiriphabliki oko ehlathini kakhulu ezahlukeneyo zizityebi. Oku kuquka ibeka umdla ezifana ezincinane Erhov, Raspberry, Rich, Big. Ezi izinto zendalo okwangoku abachatshazelwa yi umsebenzi esebenzayo zabantu. Apha nizimele iingxilimbela bicentennial: ubuhle-umsipres nompleyini, Linden. Kwinxalenye esemantla boron kubekwe ngomgca bhetyebhetye amachibi ezincinane, ogama ubunzulu nemiqulu ukusuka kwisiqingatha ukuya iimitha ezisixhenxe. amadama Ezo umdla omkhulu kwisayensi. Ebumelwaneni bakho bekhula iintlobo ezinqabileyo ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Tatarstan. Xa amanzi amachibi kunye neebhanki zabo unokumelana ezi abameli ehlabathini izilwanyana njengoko muskrat, kakhulu, necilishe, ukucula kunye zasemanzini, ixhama kunye amaxhama. Kwaye yinxalenye encinane kuphela lweentlobo zezidalwa eziphilayo, leyo esisityebi ngokwendalo Tatarstan. Photo of ubuhle bakhe ikhuphe ecacileyo nekulula ngokungaqhelekanga.

Ukuze kulondolozwe ilifa lemveli yendalo weRiphabliki Tatarstan, abasemagunyeni owasekwa ngo-1960, i-iVolga-Kama Reserve. Le ise-West Predkamja, iindawo Raifa kunye Saralovsky ukungena apha. Le ndawo iyonke ingaphezulu asibhozo amawaka eehektare, amaninzi kuwo ligutyungelwe yi amahlathi.

indawo Ehle zemvelo

Raif zodwa ilizwe, ibekwe kwisithili Zelenodolsk ngeekhilomitha kuphela amabini emihlanu ukususela ikomkhulu kwiriphabliki - Kazan. Ikakhulu alawulwa tyaba kwendawo, kodwa kukho kwahluka ebalulekileyo yokuphakama ezisukela amahlanu ukuya ikhulu elinamanci mane eemitha. Of umdla mkhulu Raifa yamachibi Arboretum, apho izityalo zikhula phantse onke amazwekazi nazo kulo mhlaba. Kuyinto lilikhaya leentlobo amahlanu anesihlanu, phantse amakhulu amabini eentlobo zeentaka kunye iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe mathathu zabemi kwamanzi. Kule ndawo kwamanzi onxweme nzulu ibekwe na amabala zidala kakhulu zizityebi.

imithombo yendalo

Resources, leyo esisityebi ngokwendalo Tatarstan Republic phezu kwindawo yesibini phakathi abalawulwa kwimveliso ye-oyile Russian. imali eseleyo kwi State igcina amarekhodi noninzi lwezinto ikhulu elinamanci mane anesihlanu amasimi, apho kuqikelelwa iitoni 1,734 yezigidi-gidi. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi lokuqala, ukuba oovimba ezinokuba kwezibonelelo zendalo eziqikelelwa iitoni 2.7 yezigidi-gidi. Isiseko iyonke resource, equka amasimi amakhulu amabini, anamanci mahlanu, imelwe elinesibhozo iintlobo zempahla ekrwada. Oku kuquka i Montan, isakhiwo kunye agromineralny iintlobo. Uninzi ezibalulekile bentonite, udongwe eyandisiweyo, umxube isanti. Bunika elivisa ngeemfuno kwiriphabliki kunye nelizwe ngokubanzi.

ezikhumbuzo uhlobo

KwiRiphabliki esisityebi nje kuphela zolondolozo kwizimbiwa. umdla olubonisa uhlobo kunye amangcwaba Tatarstan. Zingabantu ixabiso ezikhethekileyo. Kulo mba, enye yeenjongo ezibalulekileyo koogunyaziwe benqila - ukugcina kwiriphabliki eziphilayo kunye landscape iyantlukwano, iimpawu ezizodwa zejoloji kunye kwendawo neentlobo ezinqabileyo izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa abameli ezidweliswe kwi-Book Olubomvu ezisengozini.

ezikhumbuzo Natural of the Republic of Tatarstan iquka ezigcinwe kwisakhiwo zendalo "Kyrykmas umlambo yezandyondyo." izifundo zenzululwazi olwenziwe kule ndawo, iziphumo yabonisa: amanzi kulo mlambo ifumaneka iintlobo angamashumi amabini anesixhenxe iintlanzi. Ezi ziquka komlanjana trout, minnow esiqhelekileyo, grayling yaseYurophu, abaqhelekileyo bullhead. Bonke bephela zidweliswe kwi-Red Book of the Republic of Tatarstan. Ukongeza, phezu kweenxweme Kyrykmaks lomlambo armhole wabona iintlobo asixhenxe anesihlanu iintaka, elinesixhenxe apho - ". Red Book" i Le yokugqibela ziquka intsimi Harrier, engcotyeni harrier, ukhozi emhlophe-ezinomsila kunye nabanye. Ngomhla kwintsimi lesikhumbuzo kunye lilikhaya leentlobo ezinjalo ezinqabileyo enezityalo nezilwanyana njengoko anguis ntlanzi, irhamba, umlilo-bellied maxoxo krasnobryuhaya.

Nature Tatarstan izityebi ngaloo ukulondoloza njengoko Krasnoborsky icandelo neznye. ivela ibhekisela kwixesha glacial Dneprovskoe elithile glacial. ubume kwezomthetho kummandla okhuselweyo ivumela ukugcina kummandla lesikhumbuzo zendalo iimpawu ezizodwa zejoloji ezinexabiso lokusingqongileyo kunye yezenzululwazi.

Izithintelo ngaphakathi zolondolozo lwendalo

Kwimida icandelo zejoloji Krasnoborsky kunye nezithinteli "ummandla wezandyondyo Kyrykmas" ziyenzeka. Awukwazi inxaxheba kwimisebenzi zoshishino kunye nefuthe elibi elingakho ezikhumbuzo endalo kunye nabemi bayo. Sifakele uvalwe ngokupheleleyo naziphi na uphando wokuhlola e Krasnoborsky kwicandelo zejoloji, uphuhliso zezimbiwa ngaphakathi kuyo. Ngaphakathi kwemida lesikhumbuzo zendalo "zizandyondyo Kyrykmas umlambo" kunokwenzeka nayiphi na intshukumo emanzini kunye isithuthi akayi kuvunyelwa ukulima umhlaba, izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo, kwakunye naziphi na unxibelelwano kunye nezibonelelo. Kwakhona, kukho umlomo nokugcinwa kweekhemikhali oyityhefu kwanawokuqhuba nayiphi na imisebenzi enokuba negalelo ukuphazamiseka iinkqubo zendalo.

Ngubani na ophethe lelifa lemveli yendalo?

ezikhumbuzo Natural of Tatarstan amazwe ube umhlaba wezolimo. Yokuba state-owned kwaye ibekwe zindawo ezilandelayo: Krasnoborsk, Staroslyakovskoe, Devyaterninskoe zokuhlala zasemaphandleni Agryz kwisithili kamasipala.

Ukuze alondoloze ezi iinkqubo zendalo kukho zikhuselwe iindawo (iindawo ezikhuselweyo). Ngokutsho cadastre karhulumente, inani lawo elipheleleyo ngu 163.

Ngenxa yoko, i-siseko weRiphabhliki Tatarstan unembali sisityebi. Ngenxa lweziza indawo unique geographical kuluncedo zendalo, le ndawo ngawo onke amaxesha kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Njengangoku kukho uphuhliso asebenzayo Tatarstan. Minyaka le ekungeneni abatyeleli abanqwenela aqhelane zolondolozo lwendalo kunye ezikhumbuzo beli lizwe lihle kwaye emangalisayo.