Indlela ukufunda ukusebenza njani e-Excel ngokwakho: inkcazelo yenkqubo, izincomo kunye nohlolo

Nawuphi na umntu usebenzisa ikhompyutha kumsebenzi wabo wemihla ngemihla, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye ababemi ngezicelo ofisi Excel iqukwe kwiphakheji standard-Microsoft Office. Ifumaneka kuzo zonke iintlelo iphakheji. Kwaye kaninzi, ekubeni nolwazi nkqubo, ezininzi, abasebenzisi uyazibuza kanjani na ukufunda ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo e Excel?

Yintoni inkqubo ye-Excel?

Ukuze uqalise sichaze ukuba yintoni na Excel, yaye kutheni ufuna le app. Mhlawumbi abaninzi beva ukuba inkqubo umhleli spreadsheet, kodwa imigaqo nokusebenza yayo yahluke kuyaphi kwezo amacwecwe wadala eLizwini.

Ukuba itafile iLizwi izenzo element ngakumbi olubonisa okubhaliweyo nolwazi lomzobo, iphepha Excel spreadsheet - kukuthi, enyanisweni, umatshini elimanyeneyo zezibalo, ezinako ukuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo becomputing isekelwe iindidi zedata echazwe kunye neefomula, nto leyo eya kuba lowo okanye enye umsebenzi yemathematika okanye algebra.

Indlela ukufunda ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo e-Excel kwaye njani yenziwe?

Njengokuba uthe Heroine ifilimu "Romance Office", unako kwaye nomvundla ukufundisa ukutshaya. Enyanisweni, akukho nto akunakwenzeka. Zama ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko lokwenziwa komsebenzi isicelo yaye iya kugxininisa ngakumbi ukuqonda iimpawu zayo ezisisiseko.

Kakade ke, abantu bokwenene bawaziyo nkcukacha yesicelo, esithi ukuba kunokwenzeka, umzekelo, khuphela ezinye umsebenzi tutorial kwi Excel, ke, njengokuba kusenziwa imiboniso, ingakumbi izimvo abasebenzisi abo basandula kuqalisa, ezo izinto zidla thaca kwi ifomu abstruse gqitha, yaye kunokuba nzima ukuba baqonde.

Kubonakala ngathi eyona ukufunda khetho kuba ukufunda mpawu ziphambili zale nkqubo, ze emva koko uzisebenzise, ngoko ukuthetha, "kubhejo ofundileyo." Hayi ke, kufuneka siqale siqwalasele ukusebenza esisiseko lweziqalelo Microsoft Excel (izifundo kule program abonisa yiloo nto), ukuze uzenzele umfanekiso opheleleyo imigaqo yomsebenzi.

The main izinto ezifuna ingqalelo yakho

Into yokuqala utsalela ingqalelo umsebenzisi xa isicelo iqala, le uluhlu njenge itafile, ekukho kuyo iseli esendaweni kwababaliweyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke kwinguqulelo isicelo. Kwiinguqulelo ngaphambili kwiikholam elityunjwe iileta manani umgca kunye namanani. Ezinye oyiyekayo zonke mshini kunikezelwa kuphela ngendlela yedijithali.

Wenza ntoni na? Ewe, kuphela ukuze uhlale ukwazi ukujonga inani iseli ukuba ucacise uhlobo oluthile ukubalwa ukubeka indlela uququzelelo kwisixokelelwano onamacala amabini ukuya kwindawo. Kamva, kuya kuba kucace ukuba asebenze njani nabo.

Enye inxalenye ebalulekileyo - ibha yefomyula - yintsimi okhethekileyo, eshiya «f _x» icon. Kulapha ichazwe yonke imisebenzi. Ngaphezu koko, ezi imisebenzi zezibalo ziboniswe ngendlela efanayo njengoko yamkelwe kwi ngokolwahlulo ngamazwe (uphawu lokulingana "=", lophindaphindo "*" division "/", njalo njalo). Amaxabiso netrigonometri kwakhona kunxibelelana izihionipho ngamazwe (isono, cos, kubatshaba-, njalo njalo). Kodwa ilula kakhulu. Ukusebenza nzima iza kuphuhlisa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo reference okanye imizekelo ethile, ekubeni ezinye ndlela inokuba khangela kakhulu ezithile (okucacileyo, logarithm, tensor, matrix, njalo njalo).

Ukusuka apha ngasentla, njengoko kwezinye iinkqubo Office iqela ongundoqo kunye izinto menu ephambili iingongoma eziphambili amaqhosha ukusebenza kunye nokufikelela ekhawulezileyo umsebenzi othile.

Types of data nemisebenzi ezilula kunye nabo

Ingqalelo ukusebenza njani kwi Excel-nkqubo, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ekuqondeni iintlobo ezingundoqo data wangena kule iiseli itafile. Nje qaphela ukuba emva echaza ezinye inkcukacha, uyakwazi cofa ukungena iqhosha, Esc isitshixo, okanye ukuhamba nje uxande yeseli efunekayo kwenye - data igcinwe. Uhlela iseli ngu enqakraza kabini okanye ngokucinezela F2, naphezu kugqitywe yokugcina idatha igalelo kuphela xa cinezela Ngena.

Ke amagama ambalwa angafakwa kwisisele ngasinye. menu Format siyabizwa elizayo ngokunqakraza-ekunene kwi ariya esebenzayo. Kwi ekhohlo kukho ikholam ekhethekileyo nohlobo data (jikelele, amanani, itekisi, ekhulwini, umhla, njalo njalo). Ukuba ukhetha ifomati jikelele, ucwangciso, ndoxelelwa ngubani ukuthetha, ngokwalo imisela ukuba ikhangeleka njani ixabiso wangena (umzekelo, xa uchwetheza 1/1/16, siya kuvuzwa ngomhla we-1 Januwari 2016).

Xa ungena inani ungasebenzisa ukucacisa inani iindawo lokugqibela (elingagqibekanga liyaboniswa umlinganiswa othile, kodwa xa ufaka inkqubo imijikelo emibini ebonakala ixabiso, nangona wenyaniso ntoni ukutshintsha).

Ukuba usebenzisa, nithi, uhlobo data yokubhaliweyo ukuba umsebenzisi akangenanga, iya kuboniswa kanye njengoko oko echwethezwe yezitshixo, ngaphandle naluphi na utshintsho.

Nantsi ke into enika umdla: xa uhambisa isalathisi ukuya iseli ezikhethiweyo esimnyama kwikona esezantsi ekunene umnqamlezo izakuvela, nto leyo akuyona ngexesha ubambe i ekhohlo iqhosha le mouse, uyakwazi ukukhuphela data kwi ukuze ilandelayo ukuba iseli oyifunayo. Kodwa data ziza kutshintsha. Xa sithatha kwakuloo mzekelo kunye umhla, ixabiso olandelayo ziza kuboniswa ngoJanuwari 2, njalo njalo kukopa kuluncedo xa icwangcisa iifomyula okufanayo iiseli ezahlukeneyo (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokuba umnqamlezo calculations).

Ukuba sithetha ifomula ungasebenzisa i ndlela kuba imisebenzi zilula. Umzekelo, ukuba isixa A1 kunye neeseli-B1, ekufuneka ibalwe kwisisele C1, kuyimfuneko ukuba uzibeke uxande C1 entsimini uze usete ukubala ifomula «= A1 + B1». Uyakwazi ukwenza ngenye indlela, enikwe yi ifomula "= SUM (A1: B1)» (le ndlela isebenza ngakumbi izikhewu ezinkulu phakathi kwiiseli, nangona ungasebenzisa i summation oluzenzekelayo, kwakunye kwinguqulelo IsiNgesi ye udibaniso SUM umyalelo).

Iprogram i-Excel, asebenze njani na Excel sheets

Xa sisebenza kunye amagqabi ukuvelisa iindidi zemisebenzi: ukongeza amaxwebhu, ukutshintsha igama labo, ukususa engeyomfuneko njalo Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba naziphi na iiseli ukuba kwi sheet ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene ifomula ezithile (ingakumbi xa izixa ezikhulu kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ulwazi wangena).

Indlela ukufunda ukusebenza njani kwi Excel wena ekusetyenzisweni kwe cross-iimbekiselo kunye izibalo? Kuyinto elula kangaka. Njengoko ingxelo abasebenzisi, kanye kakuhle umhleli itafile, ngaphandle uncedo kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Kufuneka ufunde ubuncinane inkqubo uncedo program. Indlela elula ilawulwa ekukhetheni (oko kungenziwa kuxwebhu olunye, kunye ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, ukuba imali elawulwa ngayo kwiinkalo ezininzi, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukubhalisa "= SUM", emva koko omane nje phezu ska iqhosha Ctrl kwifomula efanayo weeseli bekela iiseli ezinqwenelekayo. Nguwo ke lo mzekelo kwakudala.

Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

Kodwa ke lenkqubo ayikwazi ukwenza kuphela neetafile oluneentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze data. Ngokusekelwe phezu kwabo ngenxa isibini lemizuzwana, ungakha zonke iintlobo iigrafu neetshathi ngokucela zokwakha oluzenzekelayo uluhlu ezikhethiweyo iiseli, okanye ungakhankanya oku ngesandla xa ungena kwi menu ehambelanayo.

Ukongeza, le program uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ekhethekileyo wokongeza i-ons, izikripthi phunyezo ngokusekelwe Visual Basic. Unako ukufaka naziphi na izinto ngohlobo yemizobo, ividiyo, eziviwayo okanye nantoni na eyenye. Ngokubanzi, ukunqongophala kwamathuba. Kwaye apha yokokuba iphathelene kuphela inxalenye encinane konke ekwaziyo yale program ikhethekileyo.

Kodwa ukuba athini, kuba yeyona ndlela ilungelo ukubala isizalo ukusombulula iikoteshini ezahlukeneyo nayiphi ukuntsokotha, ukufumana ukuzibaxa kwemisebenzi ukwenza ledatha yaye ukunxulumana nabo kunye nezinye izicelo ezifana Microsoft Access, nokuninzi - nje hayi kuluhlu.

ngenxa

Ngoku, mhlawumbi, kucacile ukuba umbuzo nendlela ukufunda ukusebenza njani e-Excel ngokwabo, ukuba akunjalo yaye kulula ukujamelana nawo. Kakade ke, ukuba ufunde imigaqo esisiseko umsebenzi kumhleli, wabeka imisebenzi esisiseko bengasebenzi. ncomo Umsebenzisi siqononondise ukuba unako ukufunda ubuninzi ngeveki enye. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa izibalo entsonkothileyo kakhulu, yaye ngakumbi ke, lo msebenzi ngokubhekiselele database, njengokuba kunjalo, ngubani abafuni akukho uncwadi ezizodwa okanye izifundo nje ayikwazi ukukwenza. Ngaphezu koko, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kume nokuba nolwazi lwabo algebra kunye nejiyometri ukusuka kwikhosi esikolweni. Ngaphandle koku, ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo umhleli itafile zange nokuphupha ngayo.