Indlela ukuqwalasela kufumana unxibelelwano nge 8080 (port): uqeqesho, umzobo kunye nohlolo

Port kwi networks computer linani yendalo apho kubhalwe kwi header OSI protocol. Iyilelwe ukuba ukuchonga kumamkeli zenkqubo zepakethe kwi host efanayo.

Njengomgaqo, emajukujukwini lomsebenzisi kwi umkhosi kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza efakiweyo iza inkqubo ngaphezu kwesinye ngexesha, yaye ngamnye kubo likwaqhuba inkqubo ethile. Ukuba le nkqubo ichaphazela kwinethiwekhi yekhompyutha "iqokobhe" ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha uyadlula IP-ipakethe ukuba yenzelwe yenye yeenkqubo.

Zisebenza njani?

Ukuba udweliso lwenkqubo isebenzisa exchange data nge-network, le nkqubo ithathe indawo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• In OS ucele izibuko ethile. Le nkqubo unganikeza zombini inkqubo yayo nokwala ukutshintshwa (oku kusenzeka kwiimeko apho inani lezibuko sele lisebenziswa ngesinye isicelo).
• Xa OS iyacelwa ukucacisa inani lezibuko na ekhoyo. Inkqubo ngokwalo ukhetha kwaye inikeza Programme.

Indlela ukuvula nezibuko (8080, 80 kwaye njalo njalo)? Phakathi ulwazi network banikana ngokungqinelana imithetho ethile (phakathi iinkqubo ezimbini). Ukuze uxhulumaniso lusekiwe, oku kulandelayo kufuneka:

• (Yayakhelwe ukuze umzila phakathi kwabo) IP-idilesi umthumeli umamkeli wemikhosi;
• inombolo protocol;
• Amagumbi zombini namazibuko (umthombo kunye khona).

Ukuba ukuxhumeka phezu TCP, kwemvelaphi izibuko lisetyenziswa yokusebenza inkqubo umamkeli ukuqinisekisa ngokukhutshelwa data ize isebenze umamkeli ukuba aphendule.

namazibuko Vula and closed

Ngomhla inxalenye yomthumeli inombolo host kunye izibuko ukwenza umfuziselo kwidilesi ukubuya, eliboniswe kwimvulophu. Eli nani kuthiwa umva.

Kwiimeko apho kukho inkqubo kumgcini rhoqo usebenzisa inani lezibuko efanayo izibuko kugqalwa evulekileyo. Hi xikombiso, le nkqubo enxulumene nomncedisi angasebenzisa lonke ixesha 80 okanye 8080 ukwenzela unxibelelwano. Xa inkqubo ayikwazi ukuvula izibuko oko kubonwa ezivaliweyo.

amanani ezibuko

Zonke amazibuko babe neenombolo zabo ebhaliswe ngendlela emiselweyo. Ngalinye lenzelwe injongo yaso ethile. Kaninzi ungabona izibuko 8080. Kutheni ufuna nosebenziso xa usebenzisa i Internet?

Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni, izibuko TCP yaye yenzelwe ukuba isetyenziswe HTTP. Ngokungekho, oku kwakhona kusetyenziswa okubhaliweyo kwiJava Tomcat kwisikhongozeli servlet.

TCP-izibuko 8080 unako ukusebenzisa imithetho ethile kunxibelelwano, kuxhomekeka kwisicelo. Protocol iseti yemithetho ezisesikweni elichaza data ethunyelwayo ngapha komsebenzi womnatha. Oko kwenziwa ulwimi esetyenziswa phakathi iikhompyutha ukubanceda ukunxibelelana kakuhle ngakumbi.

Le HTTP protocol, enqamleza 8080, umisela ifomati unxibelelwano phakathi bakhangeli beencwadi Internet sites web. Omnye umzekelo lo protocol IMAP, nto leyo ichaza ulwalamano phakathi abancedisi IMAP mail kunye nabathengi okanye, ekugqibeleni, protocol SSL, esicacisa nesetyenziswe kwi imiyalezo entsonkothileyo.

transfer data

Ngenxa yoko, TCP-Port 8080 isebenzisa i iProtokholi yoLawulo loDluliselo. Ngomnye imithetho elandelwayo eziphambili networks zeTCP / IP. Nangona IP protocol lijongene kuphela iipakethi, TCP kwenza wemikhosi ezimbini ukuseka uqhagamshelwano kunye nemisinga exchange of data. Uqinisekisa unikezelo yabo, kwakunye yokuba iipakethi ziya kusiwa izibuko 8080 ngendlela efanayo naleyo ibithunyelwe. uqhagamshelo aqinisekisiwe 8080 - oku umahluko ophambili phakathi TCP ne UDP. UDP 8080 akuqinisekisi udibaniso efanayo.

Indlela ukuvula kwizibuko 8080 kwi-Windows 7?

Ukuze wenze oku, yiya ku 'Qala "menu kwaye ufumane i-Control Panel. Kufuneka nqakraza kwi "Network" sub-menu kwaye ufumane i "umnqongo Firewall." Xa "Ukuxolela 'tab, fumana i" Yongeza Port ". Uya kuzakuvula ibhokisi yencoko yababini apho kufuneka ufake inombolo port. Qinisekisa ukuba useto ezicaciswe kwi-TCP, uze ukhethe Lungile.

Indlela ukuvala izibuko 8080? Kwanele ukuba ukuseta uqhagamshelwano kwenye kwizibuko ethile.

Advanced Uqwalaselo HTTP ne TCP Proxy

Le HTTP protocol isebenza encotsheni TCP, kodwa ibonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo malunga wabele umyalezo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-okuvota ezimbini ziyafakwa ngokwahlukileyo.

HTTP-traffic iquka host wetekeni ezibuko umyalezo. Yena uya on-TCP uqhagamshelwano kunye sokugcina TCP, oko kukuthi, phakathi inginginya kunye port. Ngokuqhelekileyo, HTTP-Post yalatha sokugcina efanayo njengoko TCP-intanethi. Ukuba ukutshintsha uqwalaselo umxhamli ukusebenzisa HTTP uqhagamshelwano lomncedisi onegunya lokusebenzela into omnye umkhosi kunye port, endaweni URL echazwe kwi HTTP-iidilesi. Oku kuthetha ukuba isiphelo indawo TCP kumyalezo yahlukile isiphelo apho ixhulumane.

Umzekelo, ukuba HTTP-isicelo wathumela isicelo page http://192.0.2.1:8080/operation iquka «192.0.2.1:8080» isihloko «Inginginya» HTTP-umyalezo, nto leyo luthunyelwa kwelabo izibuko 8080 kwinginginya 192,0. 2.1.

Noko ke, ukuba uqwalasele HTTP-client ukusebenzisa komncedisi onegunya lokusebenzela omnye, ezisisiseko TCP-uxhulumaniso esiya sokugcina TCP ngenxa kuye, ngelixa umyalezo isaqhubekeka le sedatha yokuqala.

Umzekelo, ukuba uqwalasele abathengi ukuba bathumele imiyalezo yabo lomncedisi onegunya lokusebenzela omnye kwi 198281.100.1 zibuko 3128, kwaye umxhasi ithumela isicelo http://192.0.2.1:8080/operation, umyalezo isaqhubekeka «192.0.2.1: 8080" isihloko «Umamkeli», kwaye ngoku nayo kwinkalo «Isicelo-Line». Nangona kunjalo, lo myalezo ngoku ethunyelwa TCP-uqhagamshelo kwi 198.51.100.1:3128. Ngenxa yoko, lomncedisi womntu onegunya le HTTP Ungafumana imiyalezo kwi zibuko enye (proxy kwi zibuko 8080) kwaye abathume kwiinkonzo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe ulwazi malunga umamkeli.

Indlela ukuqwalasela kufumana unxibelelwano kwi zibuko 8080?

Ngoko ke, isihloko «Inginginya» lafakwa HTTP / 1.1. Connections HTTP / 1.0 ayibandakanyi nto ngokwakhe. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iikhompawundi ezifana, ezo musa kugqitha onegunya aliquki umkhosi kunye ezibuko umyalezo. Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi kwi-HTTP / 1.0, wathumela nghapha komncedisi onegunya lokusebenzela omnye, isaqhubekeka host kwithagethi yomthumeli kwi "umbuzo string". Ngoko ke, ukungabikho kwesihloko «uMzimba» ingabangeli iingxaki ngenxa proxy.

Ukunika proxy TCP, umele utshintshe uqwalaselo umxhasi kunye TCP sokugcina ngexesha lokwenyani kwi sedatha replaceable. Ngokungafaniyo HTTP, lo protocol akuthethi ukunika amandla eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ukusebenzisa i proxy. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uqhagamshela lomncedisi womntu onegunya le ngokusebenzisa TCP, ukugqithisa ulwazi ukuya kwindawo lokugqibela na ukunika nayiphi na indlela.

Indlela ukuseta uqhagamshelwano ezininzi nge 8080?

Indlela kuphela onegunya TCP uvumela uxhulumaniso kwiinkqubo ezininzi (oko kukuthi, indawo yokugqibela), enoba traffic ziya kuthunyelwa ezi zihlanganisi - kukuba ukuphulaphula omnye kwizibuko ngalinye zeenkqubo. It ikuvumela ukuba ukwazi ukuqhagamshela nokugcina ulwazi malunga nguwuphi amanani ayo izibuko ezihambelana sedatha nganye. Ngoko ke umxhasi iqwalaselwe nge nezibuko proxy ehambelana kwinkqubo nganye apho kufuneka ukuba uxhulumane. TCP proxy ukuphulaphula kumazibuko kunye endpoints zabo ehambisana lukhawulezayo kubasebenzi kwi onegunya kwifayile yoqwalaselo, RTCP_install_dir / httptcp / registration.xml. Kuqala kwinto zonke, khangela izibuko 8080 - xa ivuliwe eyenziwe ngokungagqibekange, uhlengahlengiso kuya kwenziwa kwimizuzu embalwa.

Kulo mzekelo, 198.51.100.1 na IP-idilesi yomncedisi womntu onegunya le. Nayiphi na imiqondiso yendlela luthunyelwa kwelabo izibuko 3333 kwi lomncedisi womntu onegunya le ithunyelwa kwi zibuko 8080 kule dilesi ilandelayo: www. Umzekelo. com:

Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba utshintshe umxhasi yoqwalaselo lwefayile lonke ixesha ukwengeza indawo entsha yezithuthi. Esi sithintelo asisebenzi HTTP-proxy.

Unxibelelwano phakathi HTTP ne TCP

Ukuze siqonde indlela uthotho ephatha kwi HTTP kunye TCP okuvota, masithi ukuba iinkonzo ezimbini 192.0.2.1:8080 no 192.0.2.1:8081, kunye lomncedisi womntu onegunya le ebalekayo 198.51.100.1. Ukuba ayashiyana IP Idilesi-kunokuba yi inani lezibuko, lo mzekelo iza kuba efanayo ngaphandle ukuba idilesi angqinelanayo kwinkonzo nganye. Ukuba ulindele HTTP-lendlela olunye-le HTTP izicelo onegunya lezibuko zombini endpoints TCP inokuthunyelwa kuye. Xa HTTP ebona ukuba umyalezo besithunyelwe 192.0.2.1:8080, ummeli iyithumele umyalezo kule dilesi, okanye lisebenzise nayiphi na imithetho ukuba le nkonzo. Inkqubo efanayo kusebenza 192.0.2.1:8081, esebenzisa kwizibuko efanayo.

Ukuba ezi nkonzo ezimbini endaweni silindele TCP yezithuthi kufuneka ibe ivuliwe ezimbini TCP-proxy izibuko kuchaziwe izinto ezimbini yoqwalaselo lwefayile:

Uqwalaselo somxhasi utshintsho inkonzo yokuqala ukusuka «192.0.2.1:8080» kwi «198.51.100.1:3333», nangenxa lwesibili - «192.0.2.1:8081» ukuba «198.51.100.1:3334». Umntu ithumela umyalezo (TCP ipakethe), inkonzo yokuqala idilesi yokuqala.

Lomncedisi womntu onegunya le alamkele kwizibuko (3333), kodwa akazi ukuba data ithunyelwa phezu oku. Yonke into wayesazi - yoxhulumaniso kwi zibuko 3333. Ngoko ke, lomncedisi womntu onegunya le avumise uqwalaselo layo yaye ebona ukuba traffic eli zibuko kufuneka baqondiswe 192.0.2.1:8080 (okanye ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ulawulo le nkonzo). Ukuba awukwazi ukukuthumelela yonke HTTP borhwebo lwakho, kuba uqwalaselo client awuxhasi uqwalaselo lomncedisi womntu onegunya le HTTP, kufuneka usebenzise reverse HTTP-proxy.

Kuyo endaweni ekujoliswe URL-iidilesi ukuba ukhankanye oyifunayo. Le nkqubo uyafana ukuqwalasela onegunya TCP, apho ukuba ukhankanye ibe sokugcina imiyalezo TCP kwindlela lomxhasi kunye nokudala umthetho phambili.

Umahluko kukuba udibanisa uhlobo lesiphumo kwi ulawulo elicacisa HTTP, njengoko kule mzekelo ulandelayo: .

Njani na intshukumo zendlela?

Ngoku iseva proxy ilungiselelwe ukwamkela kuphela HTTP-traffic ethekwini echongiweyo, kwaye zingasetyenziswa ucoco esisityebi kakhulu. Umzekelo, umncedisi unga coca ulwelo ngaphandle traffic kwesigubungelo, ayinazo indlela article kwi dilesi URL-yayo, okanye ngubani na ukusebenzisa HTTP-ngqo indlela, ezifana POST. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba i plug alusoloko lusebenza, umncedisi kusafuneka ukuba khona kwento , ukuba abe nako ukuthumela izithuthi le nkqubo. Ngokomzekelo, masithi ukuba iiklayenti ukuqhagamshela kwisevisi ngomhla 192.0.2.1:8080 kwaye usebenzise reverse HTTP-Directive on 198.51.100.1:3333.

Phambi kokuba lomxhasi ukusebenzisa komncedisi onegunya lokusebenzela omnye, lo uqwalaselo client kule nkonzo, kufuneka utshintshe ukuba URL-iidilesi, ezifana http: // 192.0.2.1:8080/ ukusebenza, kwi http: // 198.51.100.1:3333/ ukusebenza. Nombuzo ithunyelwe kule dilesi entsha URL, engena lomncedisi womntu onegunya.

Umyalezo Isicelo iqulethe sokugcina TCP ngenxa njengomqobo (198.51.100.1:3333) kwi header "uMzimba", hayi nedilesi nkqubo, ngokuba umxhasi Akakwazi oko uthumela umyalezo phambili. Oku lula umxhasi imisela uhlobo indima inamehlo enjalo. Ngenxa yoko, i-proxy isebenzisa iziqalelo ze , ukuze nazi ukuba isicelo iyeza kwi zibuko 3333 ifuna enye yezi zilandelayo: kufuneka idluliselwa inkqubo ephilayo 192.0.2.1:8080, kwaye umxholo «uMzimba» kumyalezo ukuba kuhlaziywa. Ukuze kumyalezo ukuba Usebenzise yonke imigaqo wonke wenkonzo, umzekelo, i-plug umzila.