Isibonakaliso esipheleleyo sokuthengiswa kwempahla kunye nezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ukuthengiswa kweenkampani

Ukuchonga imeko yezemali yoshishino ibakala elibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni imali. Ukufumanisa iingxaki zenkampani, kufuneka uhlalutye inani leenombolo ezikuvumela ukuba uhlole imeko yangoku. Ubalo luxhomekeke kwizikhombisi zokuzinza kwezezimali kunye namanqanaba okuthengiswa kwemali, kunye namanqanaba okuzuza kunye nokukhawuleza kokuthengiswa kwezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.

Uhlalutyo lokuthengiswa kwemali lungenziwa kuphela kusetyenziswa izibonakaliso zekharityhulam, oku kuthetha ukulula kunye nokufikeleleka kwale hlobo lohlalutyo, nangona abaphathi bezemali abanamava. Unokwenza isigqibo malunga nokuthengiswa kwekharityhulam yekhampani emva kokuba uhlalutyo lwentlawulo lubekwe. Ukuvavanya ukuthengiswa kwamashishini ngokubanzi, kubalulekile ukubala ukulinganiswa kwamashishini. Makhe sihlale kuzo ngokubanzi.

Iyona nto iyona nto ibonakaliso jikelele. Ukubala kwakhe kubungakanani bexabiso lempahla ekhoyo yenkampani kwixabiso leedyala ezifutshane, ezifumaneka kwicandelo lesibini le-balance sheet. Isibonakaliso esipheleleyo sempahla sibonisa ukuba inkampani ikwazi ukuhlawula izikweletu eziphuthumayo ngokulawula yonke i-asethi yezinto ezikhoyo kule njongo, leyo, ngokwemvelo, ininzi ngaphezu kwezinto ezingekhoyo zangoku. Kwiincwadi zoqoqosho, unokufumana amagama "okwangoku isalathisi se-liquidity" okanye "umyinge wokufikelela kwiphepha", kodwa uthetha into efanayo.

Kule nqondiso, kukho ixabiso elithathwa njengeqhelekileyo. Umda ophantsi uxabiso lwe-1, obeka umyalelo wokuthengiswa kwempahla. Ngamanye amazwi, ii-asethi ezikhoyo kufuneka zanele ukufikelela iimfanelo ezifutshane. Ukuba inani elipheleleyo lokuthengiswa kwemali lingaphezulu kwe-2, oko kuthetha ukuba inkampani inepolisi engasebenziyo kwindawo yokulawula i-asethi yangoku.

Uluhlu lwamaxabiso angentla apha lwamkelekileyo, kodwa lungahambelani neemfuno kunye neempawu zoshishino oluthile. Ngenkcazelo echanekileyo yesiqhelo, kuyimfuneko yokwenza oku kubalwa: ukwahlula umlinganiselo wendawo yokugcinwa kwemali kunye nexabiso leemali zesikhashana elifutshane ngokwemali elifanayo leemfanelo zesikhashana. Isalathisi esibalwa ngokuqhelekileyo sokubhengeza i-liquidity mark isacacisa ukuba xa ithumela inxalenye yezinto ezikhoyo ezikhoyo ukwenzela ukwanelisa iimangalo zababolekisi, inkampani iya kuba neyona nto ifunekayo yokugcina imisebenzi.

Olunye ulungelelwaniso lwamanqaku lubalwa kusetyenziswa kuphela ixabiso lempahla yamanzi. Ngokomzekelo, xa ubala isalathisi sokukhawuleza esiphezulu, iindawo zokugcina ezikhoyo ezincinci zeempahla ezingenayo ifakwe ngaphandle kubalo. Esi sibonakaliso sifanele sibe sikhulu kunomnye, kwaye ukususela phezulu kuyacaca silinganiselwe ngokubaluleka kwenkalo yesigxina.

Kwinqanaba leqhekeza kwi-formula ye- liquidity formula, kuphela i-asethi yexabiso lempahla ekhona-i-short-term investment and money. Uqikelela inani lemali-mboleko ephuthumayo leyo inkampani inokuyifumana kwizinto ezininzi ezinamanzi. Kwipesenti eli xabiso kufuneka libe kwibanga ukusuka kwi-20 ukuya ku-25. Nangona kunjalo, kumashishini amashishini aseRashiya amanqanaba amaninzi awanakufumaneka.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, unako ukubala inani lokuthengiswa kwempahla kwi-stocks. Ngaloo ndlela, kuya kugqitywa ukuba zininzi iimali ezifutshane eziza kuhlawula ishishini xa kuthengisa zonke izibonelelo zayo. Kuyamkelwa ukuba le sabelo kufuneka sibe kwi-70%.

Ukuba kukho naziphi izibonakaliso ezihamba ngaphaya kwemiqathango eqhelekileyo, umphathi wezemali kufuneka enze izigqibo ezithile ezinokuphucula imeko.