Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele ngexesha lokuqala?

Umdlavuza wesifuba kukugqithisa okungalawulwayo kweeseli kwiintlanzi zentloko. Iindawo ezichaphazelekayo zanda kwaye zingasasazeka kwezinye izitho. Abantu abaninzi bafa ngamathumba amanxeba, ngoko ke abafazi bafuna ukwazi indlela yokubona umdlavuza wesibele ekuqaleni kwesi sifo. Kuluhlu lwezona zinto ziyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokufa kwabantu abaphezulu.

Ndifuna nini ukuqala iimviwo?

I-Cancer ivela ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamagciwane, okujongene nokulawula ukusabalalisa okungalawulwayo kweeseli. Zininzi izinto ezinxulumene neqela lomngcipheko womhlaza. Ukuze ukwazi ukuba uqaphela njani umdlavuza webele, kufuneka uqale ukuziqhelanisa xa ufuna ukuqala ukwenza uphando.

Kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza (nangona kukho ukungabikho kwempawu) kubafazi ukuba ngaba abazali babo babenomdlavuza. Kule meko, umngcipheko wokusasazeka kwesi sifo ngobudlobo kwanda kuma-25 ekhulwini. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba abafazi balawulwe impilo yabo:

• Nulliparous;
• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50;
• Ukuba ukuzalwa kokuqala kwenzeka emva komda weminyaka engama-30;
• Emva kokukhipha isisu;
• Ukunqanda ukuncelisa;
• Ngubani owathatha i-contraceptives kwi-hormonal ixesha elide;
• Ukuxhatshazwa kweengxaki, izigulana zesifuba, izibilini zakhe;
• Emva kokugqithisa kweengqungquthela;
• Ngethuba lokusinda;
• Ukuba nezifo ze-endocrine;
• Radiotherapy;
• Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala;
• Ukutshaya;
• Ukuhlala kwindawo ye-radioactive;
• Ngokuqhelekileyo ziphantsi kweemeko ezixinzelelekileyo.

Iimpawu zokuqala zentsholongwane zomhlaza

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele kwibafazi? Impawu zokuqala kwinqanaba lokuqala kunzima ukuchonga. Xa uhlola, i-tumor encinci ivakalelwa. Kwiimvumba, i-lymph nodes zanda. Kukho iintlungu zesifuba. Ibhinqa ivakalelwa ubuthathaka.

Ukuqaphela umdlavuza kwinqanaba lokuqala

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele ngexesha lokuqala? Kwisigaba sokuqala sesi sifo, akukho nantoni na i-symptomatology, kuba i-tumor ingaphantsi kwama-2 centimitha ububanzi. Kule nqanaba, akukho mastasis kunye nokuhluma kweeseli kwiisishu. Kodwa "i-swallows yokuqala" yomhlaza ingakhonza njengentlungu ebuhlungu. Kwiindawo zabo zokuhlala kukhona ukuvuvukala. Isifuba sinobuhlungu.

Esinye sezibonakaliso zokuqala zomhlaza zisandulisiwe. Emva kokuba i-tumor ifunyanwe. Uqala ukwabiwa kwiiinki. Le nkqubo ayixhomekeke kwimigangatho yokuya esikhathini. Umbane ohambayo ungabonakala, ugazini, uhlaza okomhlaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala ngefom.

Ngokuqhubela phambili komhlaza, ukwanda kweemfihlo kuyanda. Iifutha ezizodwa zifunekayo. Kukho iintlungu kwiintlanzi zamathambo. Amanxeba amancinci aqala ukufombela esifubeni, aguquke abe izilonda ezinkulu. Le nkqubo ingabonwa kuphela kwiinkipi, kodwa nakwiindawo ezihamba phambili.

Utshintsha ngaphandle. Endaweni yokutywinwa, isikhumba sinokufumana umthunzi ohlukileyo - ukusuka kwitshintshi ukuya kumnyama obomvu. Indawo echaphazelekayo iqala ukucima. Phakathi kweempawu zesifo somhlaza kubonakala kwintsholongwane emancinci kunye nesikhumba ebomvu ngendlela ye "peel orange".

Ubume bebele buqala ukutshintsha. Iyakwazi ukuvuvukala, idibeneyo, njl njl Ukuba uyagxobhoza ngakumbi kwaye ngaphezulu, ukukhula kukhula.

Mammography

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele kwabesetyhini (indlela yesithombe kule nqaku) usebenzisa i-mammography? Le ndlela ityhila ngokucacileyo imiqobo. Le ndlela enye yezona zinto ezisisiseko zokumisela isifo kwiinqanaba zokuqala. Uhlolo oluhleliweyo kufuneka lwenziwe kanye ngonyaka. Uviwo luqhutywa kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-9 zokuya esikhathini. Ngeli xesha, umphumo we-hormonal kwibele ubonakalisa kwisantya esincinci.

I-Mammology i-x-ray scan yebele. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza, itywina ibonakala kwiifom. Umfanekiso utyhila i-tumor ngaphambi kokubonakaliswa kwempawu zayo zokuqala. I-Mammography ayenziwanga kuphela ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye ne-lactation.

Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele kwibafazi? Xa intlungu yokuqala, i-dermatitis okanye ihlazo, kufuneka ubone udokotela. Unokumisela ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound. Yenziwa emva kokufumanisa nayiphi na into engafanelekanga kwi-X-ray. Kodwa ingaba yintsholongwane, kungekhona isisu.

Isakhiwo salo, ubukho bendawo, ukukhula kwandiswe yi-ultrasound diagnostic. Ngexesha elifanayo, imeko ye-lymph nodes ibonakala. Ngenxa yoko, kukho umfanekiso ochanekileyo weenguqu ezenzeke. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuziphatha kwe-ultrasound - ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphela kokuya esikhathini.

Abahloli

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele usetyenziso lwegazi? I-Oncologists isetyenziselwa ukucacisa isisu esinzima. Isigaba sokuqala sesifo sifumaneka yi-antigen CA 15-3. Kwimizuzu engama-20 yamanqanaba okuqala omhlaza, eli phawu liphakama.

Lo mmakishi usetyenziselwa ukufumanisa okuphambili kwe-neoplasm engathandekiyo. Ixabiso kufuneka lihambelane no-27 U / ml. Umdlavuza we-antigen we-CA 27-29 unobungqina obuncinane kwaye unokwandisa nge-pneumonia, i-cysts, njl.

Ngako oko, ubukho be-oncology yinto engavumelekanga. I-antiAgen ye-CEA inenani eliqhelekileyo le-5 ng / ml. Ukwandisa le nqanaba ukuya kwi-10 ng / ml kubonisa ubukho bomhlaza. Abacebisi baqeshwe njengesixhaswa kuviwo olubanzi. Ukuba i-tumor ayifumanwanga ngokubonakalayo, imilinganiselo ye-antigen ayikho ngokupheleleyo.

Tomography

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele kwibafazi? Izibonakaliso zesifo - ukubonakala kwe-tumor, izibilini, iintlungu, njl. Ukuphikisa okanye ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, isatrafiyo yesisu isenziwa. Le ndlela ibonisa indlela yokwenza umtsalane kumfanekiso ocacileyo, obonisa ngokucacileyo ukungena kweeseli ezichaphazelekayo kwezinye izitho okanye ukungabambeleli kubo. Ukuba ubukho be-tumor ebulalayo buqinisekisiwe, idijithi yayo ichongiwe.

Biopsy

Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza webele usebenzisa i-biopsy? Ukubonakala kwayo nayiphi na i-neoplasm ayibonakali ukuphuhliswa komhlaza. I-tumor ingaba yincinci. Ukuchonga ukuba i-tumor iyingozi, uphando olongezelelweyo luyadingeka, lwenziwe nge-biopsy.

Ngexesha le nkqubo, isisombululo esikhethekileyo sinaliti encinci ithatha iiseli kwi-tumor. Emva koko uvavanyo lwe-microscopic lwenziwa. Le ndlela yokufumanisa umdlavuza ichanileyo, inceda ekuqapheliseni nje kuphela uhlobo lokuxubusha, kodwa kunye nenani elizayo lonyango.

Ngenxa yokuphanda kwe-immunohistochemical, ukuxhomekeka kokukhula kwe-tumor kwi-hormonal imvelaphi. Ngethuba elifanayo, amandla okwenziwa kweeseli ezibulalayo ukuphendula kwizidakamizwa ezithile zichongiwe.

Ukuzihlola

Ungazifumana njani umdlavuza webele? Ngethuba lokusuka kwimizi, isifuba siyahlolwa kwiintsuku ezingama-7-10 ukususela ekuqalekeni kokukhutshwa, kodwa ngexesha lokuvuvukala okanye ukunyamezela kungagcinwa. Ukuba ukuhamba kwimizuzu kungenasiphelo okanye ukuba bengabikho, uviwo lwebele lufanele lwenziwe ngenyanga.

Incazelo eyimpendulo yomhlaza iqala ngokuhlolwa kwebhasi kwinqanaba lokudibanisa neengono. Akufanele kubekho nayiphi na imfihlo okanye amabala okufaka ubungqina kubo. Emva koko, i-areola ihlolwe ngokubomvu, ukuphosa, okanye izilonda. Yonke le mibonakalo ayifanele ibe.

Emva koko iimbumba ziyahlolwa. Akufanele athathwe kwisifuba. Olu phetshana lihlolwe ngokwahlukileyo kwiinguqu ezibonakalayo. Ngenxa yoko, umfazi umi phambi kwesibuko aze aphakamise izandla zakhe. Iindawo ze-Axillary kunye nesimo sesifuba zihlolwe ngamabhola, imigodi okanye i-asymmetry. Umbala wesikhumba awufanele uqule imibala engavamile okanye iindawo zendawo.

Impawu zokuqala zomhlaza zichongiwe kwindawo ephakamileyo. Eli bhinqa lifakwa kumqolo kwaye libeka i-roller phantsi kwelinye icala. Uvalela iimbumba ezincinci ukusuka kwicala elifanayo kunye neentshukumo zetyhula yeengcambu zeminwe emibili ngenxa yobukho naziphi na iimpawu. Emva koko i-roller ishintshela kwelinye icala kwaye inkqubo iya kuphinda.

Ukutyhila i-tumor kulula, ukuma phantsi kwesitya. Iminwe yesepha ivakalelwa ngokukhawuleza xa ivakalelwa, okungafanelekanga. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na impawu elapha ngasentla ifumaneka, kufuneka ukhawuleze ugqirha ugqirha wakho uviwo olupheleleyo.

Ukufumanisa i-neoplasms, ukukhutshwa kwiimbopi okanye izibilini akusikho isigwebo. Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okupheleleyo, i-ultrasound, i-biopsy, njl., Ukuxilongwa ngokuthe ngqo kuya kuyenziwa ngugqirha, nangona kubakho izibonakaliso okanye izipho. Ziyakwazi ukuziphatha kakuhle.

Xa iimpawu zomhlaza zifunyanwa ngexesha, unyango lubekiwe, owona maxesha uphumelele. Iyeza zanamhlanje ziyakwazi ukuthintela ukukhula kweeseli ezinegciwane, ukuyeka i-oncology ekuqaleni, oko kukuthintela ukuxhamla kwebele.