Ingca umgubo hay. Ukutya kwemfuyo

Umgubo ingca - enye ukufunza kakhulu izilwanyana zasefama kunye neentaka. Bondle ngayo lweqela hay silage izihlandlo eziliqela, umxholo iiprothini kunye neevithamini kuwo iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo okuziinkozo feed mix.

Ukusetyenziswa lomxhesho esintu yemfuyo kunye neenkukhu

Part-time iifama kunye kwiifama isivuno endala kuba hay yasebusika, silage, ukutya okuziinkozo, iindiza nokutya isetyana, kwakunye nezityalo ingcambu. ubuchwepheshe bale mihla ukuvumela ukuba bafumane ukutya esintu kunye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu.

Ukufuya iinkomo, ihagu, umvundla nkqu ulimo nkukhu ludlala indima ukutya ebalulekileyo esintu. Imozulu welizwe lethu akavumeli unyaka-ngeenxa sebenzisa imifuno fresh nokutyisa free. Kuba oku ebesoloko esebenzisa ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo zolondolozo Nomfuno izilwanyana ngokuzityebisa ngexesha lonyaka kubanda.

Eyona ilula - oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, Hay. Ngawo onke amaxesha kwakukho ixesha haymaking. Bevelled kunye grass eyomileyo ziqokelelwe kwaye ingca. Winter hay ezondlekileyo iinkomo. Hay lugcinwa kakuhle, kodwa xa iyoma elangeni baphulukene-50% kwezinto eziluncedo kulowo. Uninzi hay ulahlekelwa carotene, iiproteins kunye neevithamini, imitha yelanga atshabalalise ngamandla kakhulu kubo.

zefula ngohlobo silage ngonyuka kuphucula lulutho kwabo, kodwa kuphela feed wesisele engenakwenzeka. imifuno iingcambu kunye leenkozo kwifomu etyumkileyo - ukutya entle kakhulu, kodwa zingaphantsi umxholo kwezinto luncedo ngengca entsha. Ukongeza, iingcambu nabo kufuneka athwala amatye okusila, alihlutha abantwana ngokukhawuleza, oko kunokubangela iingxaki namathumbu ezilwanyaneni.

isidlo ingca okunempilo

Ingca isidlo umxholo kulo kwezondlo kufutshane ingca eluhlaza entsha. Nokuba yokugcina ixesha elide (iinyanga 8-10), igcinwa ukuya ku-95 ekhulwini izondlo. Umxholo we protein, carotene, iswekile, iivithamini kunye nezinye izinto zixhomekeke ingca, kwenziwe kuzo.

Okungcono Ingca esidlweni bondle - nomgubo eyenziwe ingca ezisikwe ngexesha lolu, phambi lokudubula kweentyatyambo. Ngeli xesha, uninzi amakhambi aneevithamini, carotene, yaye zonke izinto luncedo. Ukuba uphosa kunye Ukuchetywa, i protein kunye nezinye izondlo, wandisa kuphela isiqulatho ifayibha liyehla kakhulu.

Igcina i carotene kwi umgubo kuxhomekeke kwiimeko yayo yokugcina. Ukuba igcinwe ngesambuku, siphulukene ku-50 ekhulwini iziyobisi, kwaye ukuba umgubo licinezelwe zibe iingqalutye, ukulahlekelwa carotene akukho ekhulwini ngaphezu kwe-10 kule nyanga 10 zokugcina.

Iintlobo zomgubo ingca

isidlo ingca iintlobo ezininzi: ilusini, iclover, grass kunye nomxube oats kunye imifuno. Ngokutsho carotene umxholo, iiproteins kunye nezinye izondlo ukutya ingca baziindidi 3. Okuya kusiba ibakala, izondlo ambalwa umgubo. Ngoko ke, womgubo ocoliweyo - iklasi 1.

Ngokutsho umxholo weevithamini, olukhulu kunye Micro elements, carotene kunye protein, kunye acid ikhokelela isidlo ingca eyenziwe ilusini. Ukongeza, ilusini emva ukugawula kwakhona ngokukhawuleza, ngoko eli xesha ke kunokwenzeka ukuba ingca imveliso yomgubo kathathu. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko kwayo. Ngokuba isebenzisa indawo olunye komhlaba ivunwe izihlandlo ezi-3.

isidlo ingca olungumgubo kunye granulated

Nomgubo inikezelwa umboleki esintu iintlobo ezimbini. It zingathengwa ngobuninzi kunye ngohlobo zithutha.

Ezikhululekileyo yomgubo ngokukhawuleza ulahlekelwa izondlo, Ndakungabi nakunyamezela ngokubamba komisa emoyeni kwaye ikeyiki okanye ukufuma. Ukongeza, ngale ndlela kuthatha indawo kakhulu, kuba kulula kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, ukugcina kunye nezothutho ngendlela alale yaye zibiza imali eninzi.

Great isidlo zithutha imfuno ingca. A ukutya granular ulahlekelwa izondlo ngaphantsi ngexesha logcino. Ezi granules ke ashinyeneyo, nzima, ekhazimla. Ukuba obu bugcisa ungaphulwa, ngoko ke ugcinwe ixesha elide ngaphandle ngokuchitha, amaxesha amaninzi ngaphantsi luthathe indawo yokugcina kunye zokuhamba. Granules enyanisweni - ingqondo. Animal umgubo banikwa izabelo granulated amaxesha amaninzi incinane umgubo. Ngoko ke, ukuba izilwanyana ngokuzityebisa ukusebenzisa imveliso granular, akukho mfuneko ukuthenga umthamo omkhulu. Kwakhona kuluncedo kwaye lula.

Production yomgubo ingca kunye zimise kuyo

Le ngca ukuchetywa kwi vitamin yomgubo, de wakhahlela, zinamaqhina amanqaku kuphela. Ukuba akusibonanga lo mzuzu, ingca yonke imihla, wolahlekwa carotene neprotheyini. ingca edlelweni bacanda eqhutywa okusula ngumntu. ingca bacanda ethunyelwayo zilayishwe kwi igubu yomile. Ukusuka apho, ubunzima owomileyo inikezelwa le isityumzi. Emva kokuba isityumzi ifunyenwe ekudleni ingca eyomileyo bakhonza i nkanyamba, kwaye ifakwe ukwenzela ukugcinwa okwethutyana igcinwa kwi hopper lwentsebenziswano. Ukususela kule umgubo hopper esintu xa kuyimfuneko ongena egumbini ukwenziwa amabhali ukwenzela ukuvelisa granules kunye nokunciphisa umthamo. mass ecinezelweyo ke extruded ngokusetyenziswa orifice kufa kwaye kunqunyulwa ngemela. Wafumana zithutha 2-3 cm radius kunye malunga-5 cm ubude. Kule nkqubo, i zithutha beshushu kwaye akukho ilahleko enkulu carotene, bebekwe egumbini okupholisa. Apho, ukuba singalahlekani kwakuwo ukunyakama, kuba nzima yaye womelele. Emva koko ke babekwa ngendlela hopper ukwenzela ukugcinwa okwethutyana, ukusuka apho anikwe ukupakisha, elungiswe yaza igcinwe.

Ukunciphisa iindleko wokwaphusa ngumntu kwengca, ngoku kusetyenziswa enye inkqubo lokuvuna - yokomisa. Ngale ndlela, ezisikwe ingca ababesele komela iiyure ezimbalwa, kwaye ke indlela ekhethekileyo oqokelela rolls ngobunono lisila podvyavshuyu ingca. It lilayishiwe wayinikela olunye yokomisa ngumntu. Komphunga komisa aphila ezinjalo kunciphisa phantse ngumba ka-2, nto leyo ibalekisa inkqubo kwaye kunciphisa iindleko. Ngale ndlela, le carotene ilanga mqengqeleki lilahlekelwe imali encinci, ayikhuthazwa jerk utyani iiyure 4.

Zithutha nomgubo zigcinwa kwindawo ebandayo, eyomileyo, ebumnyameni. Ukugcinwa kufuneka babonwe parameters microclimate elichaziweyo (iqondo lobushushu nokufuma).

Ukuze yokubeka kangangoko carotene kunokwenzeka wahlala umgubo, noko zafakwa 0.5 ekhulwini sodium pyrosulfite. Ukulondolozwa eliphezulu izakhi umgubo ngexesha zokukhanya elide yokugcina usebenzisa gamma. On ulondolozo zokondla izenzo lobushushu kuyehla, ubumnyama kunye nokuqalisa oxidant ibe ngumgubo (ngexesha granulation).

zithutha Umgangatho kunye nomgubo babe umbala omhle eliluhlaza kunye nevumba hay. Granules okuqinileyo, yokuxazulula ecwebezelayo, agudileyo, kungekho zimpawu ukukhula komngundo.

Umxhesho umgubo esintu

Ukutya kwemfuyo kufuneka ngokupheleleyo kwaye elungeleleneyo, ngokunjalo kufuneka iindleko eliphantsi. iindleko Low zomxhesho liya kubonelela amaxabiso asezantsi iimveliso zezilwanyana: inyama, ubisi, amaqanda kunye njalo njalo.

Nasiphi na isityalo wokutya kwezilwanyane ufuna ukuvelisa imveliso esemgangathweni kunye ngexabiso eliphantsi, ukhuphiswano. Kuba nokuveliswa somgubo ingca feed compound - isithako ilungileyo. Zokupheka eziliqela ukuze kuqulathwe yile feed ezimbaxa kwi-mali ka-15, 25 no-35 ekhulwini. Awona macandelo ezishiyekileyo - ukhozo, isidlo, bran, bagasse kunye nezongezo kwezimbiwa. Xa ukudibanisa isidlo ingca kwimveliso yokondla izilwanyana ahlanganiswe iivithamini, carotene, acid, amafutha kunye neeproteni. Ngenxa yoko, ubume ukutya ifunyenwe ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo, elungelelene nolufikelelekayo.

feed yezityalo nezilwanyana ungasetyenziswa yeresiphi endaweni zomgubo ingca wokwaphusa eyenziweyo hay umgubo. Kodwa hay yomgubo kukuba kakhulu enasilela ngayo umxholo kwezondlo esintu. Feed ukubunjwa iya kuba carotene ngaphantsi isinyibiliko mzimba yalahleka omiswe ingca yendalo. Ixabiso Ixabiso ifidi onjalo kunokuba ngaphantsi, kodwa amacandelo luncedo kwayo kuya kuba imfuyo kangako nemveliso.

Elula kuhlanganisiwe feed

feed Ludityanisiwe Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Oku kusebenza ingakumbi kwiifama ezinkulu. Ngokomzekelo, xa zikhula ndobadlisa imivundla ngokwaneleyo umxhesho engumxube ngenxa imivundla anike amanzi. feed epheleleyo ithatha ngokupheleleyo iingcambu ezinamagqabi, isetyana isintlakantlakiso hay. Nale ukondla imivundla bafumane ubunzima ngokukhawuleza, musa agule, kwaye kuzalele kakuhle.

iihagu, ukuze nizityebise kakhulu ibandakanya kusondliwa feedstuffs zezilwanyana. Umxhesho umgubo esintu ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo zonke iimfuno zomzimba eehagu. Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba ifama kuvelisa izixa ezikhulu ingca, esandul 'ukuchetywa ihagu kunye nemifuno. Konke oku, kunye papa inikezela iihagu ezipheleleyo ngokuzityebisa. Ke kulula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa ukutya umgubo esintu kunye namanzi okusela.

Ukondla iimazi umgubo ezidla esintu kwandisa imveliso yobisi kunye nomxholo otyebileyo ubisi. Iimazi yande ubunzima naxa zisanyisa. Oku kuphucula imeko igazi lezilwanyana, kwandisa kwinqanaba mpilo egazini. Ngenxa yoko, inzala enamandla yinxalenye azalwe. Noko ke, feed imfuyo kufuneka afake ekutyeni ngaphandle wefula hay silage, kwakunye nezityalo ingcambu (beetroot). Kodwa ke kuphela ngexesha ebusika. Ehlotyeni iimazi wondla utyani, kodwa ke kufuneka sifumane ukutya.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, inani elikhulu ukutya ezakusetyenziswa umgubo esintu yenkukhu. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa ukuzala amarhanisi, amadada iikalakuni. Yamkelekile feed imfuno enkulu kwiifama zeenciniba.

Ezikumgangatho ophezulu, uqhagamshelwano lwetshiphu emsebenzi-grade kumafa yexhwayelo izilwanyana basefama - sisiseko ukusebenza ngempumelelo nayiphi na kuqoqosho. Nayiphi na into ephilayo ufuna okunesondlo, ezo ngokupheleleyo elungeleleneyo protein, nenqatha, iikhabhohayidrethi, iiminerali neevithamini. Kodwa ke into ephambili ezimbaxa feeds - oko lweehagu lula, ukucoceka kweli gumbi. Kulula ukuthutha kunye ivenkile, oko mxube elungileyo eyakhiwe.

Ukuveliswa feed izilwanyana - ishishini eliphumelelayo kakhulu. ubuchwepheshe bale mihla ukuvumela ukuba imishini yonke into. Ukuba lokusila umxhesho iye kuhlwayelwa kunye neendawo zemveliso, isibili ishishini eliphumelelayo. Kakade ke, izixhobo eziyimfuneko kumsebenzi entsimini kunye nezinto kokutyala. Kuyimfuneko ukuthenga izixhobo ukuqala imveliso uze ulungise iintengiso kunye logistics. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba ekwenziweni kokutya compound kufuneka ukuba ahlwayele nerhasi, ingqolowa kunye nezinye iinkozo kunye legumes. Kwaye, ngokuba kungekho mifuno isidlo kungcono ukuba akhule ilusini.

Kakhulu nenzuzo ukuvelisa ukutya kwezilwanyana, kunokuba ukuzibandakanya lulimo izilwanyana. ingozi kangako kunye neemeko ezingekho semgangathweni. Izilwanyana bayagula. Bafuna ekugonyeni nasekunikeni inkxaso lwezilwanyana. Zingaphi iihagu babulawa ngenxa isibetho, neenkukhu ngenxa yomkhuhlane iintaka! kwiifama zobisi bayahlupheka ilahleko ngenxa BSE kunye unyawo kunye nesifo umlomo. Kwiifama umvundla kukho nezifo coccidiosis kunye myxomatosis.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba alungiselele ukuhluzwa imveliso kunye neentengiso. Inyama, amaqanda kunye neemveliso zobisi - impahla ezonakalayo. Kwaye ke khuphiswano eliphezulu. A lot of iingxaki, kunzima ukuba ishishini nenzuzo, benza ekufuyeni.

Ukuveliswa feed izilwanyana - le nkqubo imali-yokwenza esekwe kanye-. Zefula has a ezikhabhathini elide. Yena usoloko kwemfuneko. Kormosmesi bafune abalimi ezinkulu abarhwebi zabucala. Imfuno feed yodidi oluphezulu, isidlo ingca kunye zithutha ezikhulayo kuphela. Kodwa iziphakamiso yokuthengisa anengca zomgubo granulated azonelanga. Ngoko lo niche mncinane lixakekile ngakumbi kwaye amathemba enkulu kuphuhliso.

njani zibiza isidlo ingca

Products ikakhulu ezithengiswa ifomu granular, ngenxa yokuba Akubizi kakhulu kwaye kube lula ukuba ukuthutha. Ingaba ukutya ingca? I lwamaxabiso ixhomekeke kuyo iqela ithatha umthengi. Ubuncinane lokuthenga - ingxowa-1 (25 kg) - VAT liya kuxabisa umlinganiselo 700 engange. amaso Wholesale ayanikezelwa ezingxoweni, iibhegi ezinkulu isambuku. Ngoko ke, amaxabiso inokwahluka (10 000-15 000 engange ngetoni nganye). It Ijika engange 10-15 ikilogram kubathengi isambuku. shopping abathenga abarhwebi zabucala iya kuxabisa amaxesha 2 olubiza kakhulu.

granules eengcambu zibonakala ibiza ngaphezu feed oluqhelekileyo. Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukuqwalasela le uthelekiso ukuze baqonde indlela unokumnceda na ukondla izilwanyana. Xa ukondla granules eengcambu xa kuthelekiswa feeds eziqhelekileyo inzuzo senkomo aselula namaxhamxwa iya kuba yi-20% nangaphezulu. Iihagu ukwambatha ukwanda ubunzima-15%, neenkuku - 10%. Konke oku sizoku lwisana yokuba ifidi ifuna-10% ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo. Ke xa recalculation ifunyenwe ukuba ifidi iingqalutye isilwanyana kuluncedo.

Ukuveliswa zithutha ekudleni vitamin utyani - ingcamango omkhulu ishishini. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku niche ekugqibeleni baya kuhluthiswa, yaye ngenxa ixabiso lokhuphiswano imveliso iya kuqalisa ukuhla. Emva koko ukondla granules iza kuba nenzuzo.

Njengoko zithutha feed yezilwanyana

granules eengcambu Pure okanye ukudla kunye esintu izilwanyana ufido umgubo ekwimo owomileyo, ingakumbi imivundla kunye namahashe. Emva kwendlu 1.5 kg zithutha kufuma iilitha ezi-6 zamanzi, ngoko lo mxube kondliwa iinkomo. Iihagu, kakhulu, kungakuhle ukuba uyenze ngumash, ngokunjalo imveliso ngcono ako. Bird zithutha kwakhona ngcono ukufunxwa.

Xa kwiyadi yomgubo ingca zithutha Iinkomo kunye aluse impahla emfutshane kuyimfuneko kuphela kwixesha abandayo. Ehlotyeni, njengoko umthetho, zidle udle utyani fresh.

Ukongeza, ugcino feed granulated kufuna ngokwephanyazo elincinane kakhulu, ngokuchaseneyo ingca okanye silage. Abanikazi yonaniso zabucala Siyavuya kakhulu ukuba granules elide kakuhle igcinwe, zibizwa eyakhiwe esintu. Oku zibelula ngaphezu yokugcina ukudla okanye sugar beet neetapile. Ingakumbi ukuba imifuno kungaba iqhwa, maxongo, yaye iingqalutye, phezu koko, engqeleni ngcono nokuba bagcine zonke iimpawu zayo luncedo.

A incinane

isidlo ingca kwilizwe lethu ziye ezivelisa kwi-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Oku ikakhulu esetyenziswa kwishishini leenkuku. Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba xa ukusetyenziswa kwaso olukhula ngokukhawuleza intaka, ikhona inkqubo elungileyo omzimba, kwandisa imveliso iqanda nge-10% kunye nokudala izinto lokuvelisa esemgangathweni.

Ukuveliswa zomgubo ingca USSR phambili ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Umzekelo: ukuba yaveliswa 82 lamawaka iitoni zomgubo eluhlaza, ngo-1970, ngo-1965 - sele 820 kweetoni eziliwaka, yaye ngo-1975 - ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezine iitoni.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela ngenxa uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe ezintsha kanzulu mzimba, kunye nomgubo namakhambi baqalisa ukwenza ngaphantsi kakhulu. Kodwa kungekudala imfuyo wabuyela yimveliso nokusingqongileyo - umgubo esintu. Le nto yokuba esisityebi iproteni, amafutha, kungekhona nje neevithamini. Kuba lula usebenziso le mveliso ekhethekileyo baqalisa ukuvelisa umgubo ekwimo granular, waza waqalisa ukuthandwa abantu ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokubanzi, isidlo ingca ekwimo pellet - oku yimveliso elungileyo kwifomu olunyulu njengecandelo ukutya okuziinkozo. Ezi ondle - elizayo. Yondla enemisebenzi, ukuba kondliwa zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana neentaka. Izilwanyana abadla isidlo ingca kunye zithutha kwayo, ukufumana okunesondlo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, okukwazi elungileyo kunye nokusebenza. Iimazi ukuvelisa ubisi ngakumbi ezinomthamo aphezulu amafutha, kunye amantshontsho amaqanda ezinkulu. Ukondliwa iinkozo kunye nomgubo namakhambi lula ukuba banyamekele izilwanyana.