Ingcingo ngokuhlamba: izixhobo zombane, ukhetho intambo, imithetho ufakelo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, neebhate kuphela ukukhanya bendalo - ngefestile encinane. Nokufika iimeko enombane ofikelelekayo ngcono kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, i ingcingo ngokuhlamba kufuna ingqalelo ngenyameko ngenxa ukufuma eliphezulu lobushushu. Xa isibini iya kuba ekhululekile xa kungekho Iingcingo ezongezelelekileyo kunye nokucima, Nesibane nganye kwindawo yayo.

entry Air ku bath umbane

Ingcingo ngokuhlamba liqhagamshelaniswe kwiqela lenjongo zombane ekhaya. Intambo sisiba komhlaba okanye zitsalwe emoyeni, leyo lula kakhulu. Kufuneka bagcine nemithetho ilandelayo.

Ukubeka zombane phezu kweendlela sifakwe kungasalanga ngaphantsi kwe-6 m, kwaye kwiindawo apho abahambi ngeenyawo - ukususela 3.5 m okanye ngaphezulu.

Air bengena isakhiwo eveliswa ubude ubuncinane 2.7 m. Ukulungiselela le njongo zigqunyiwe ucingo SIP uthotho kunye necandelo cross elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-16 mm ^2. Akukho mfuneko intambo yenethiwekhi. indima yakhe lwenziwa yi kwicingo cala, nto leyo kunye okanye ngaphandle usambathisa. Iingcingo zincamathele isibiyeli kunye iankile umboniso. Kunzima wazisa kuloo faceplate ngenxa ngqongqo kakhulu. Ngoko ke, izakhiwo ezingaphandle siqhagamshelwe ucingo lobhedu cable VVGng okanye NUM. Okokuba wangena endlwini ngombhobho metal leyo ityekele esitratweni ukuya 5-10 ^0. Cable core input eqhagamshelwe CIP nge etywiniweyo izihlanganisi lihlaba.

Engena ngokusebenzisa intambo ngokufihlakeleyo

igalelo Underground silwenza vehicles iintambo uhlobo VBbShv okanye VBbShvng. Kubo, akukho ingozi shrinkage lomhlaba kunye namabuzi. icandelo Cross ukusuka 10 mm ^2. Intambo ufakwa onobunzulu umsele ka 70-100 cm, umaleko kwentlabathi. Ukuze kupheliswe imbonakalo kwempixano xa shrinkage umhlaba, ukufumba ukwenza amaza. Imibhobho Metal akukhuthazwa ukuba ukhuselo intambo, kuba condensate uqokelela kuzo. Uyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise nabo intambo lokuphuma nkqo ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya eludongeni okanye kwipali.

Le ivaranda ifakwe nemibhalo apho intambo.

Iindlela yoqhagamshelo umbane

Ukususela uqhagamshelwano indlu ukuya bath idla wenze kwisigaba esinye, kodwa mhlawumbi ontlantlu-ntathu. Kwimeko yokuqala, wangoku anikiwe umsebenzisi linqanaba umqhubi, kwaye kokusemva kwi zero. Isigaba ezintathu-yesekethe ngoku aqukuqela ukuba umthwalo ngokusebenzisa ucingo 3, kwaye ibuyiswa omnye. Ezinye izixhobo zombane ukuba uxhume kuphela kwesi skim.

Izinto eziluncedo isigaba ezithathu-network elilandelayo.

1. Amandla ngaphezu kwe-30 kW, nangona oku ingafuneki geza.
2. Ngaba uxhume kwi izixhobo zombane ezifana amandla single- kunye ontlantlu-ntathu.

Esi sithintelo yimfuneko ukuba ufakelo kwiqela lenjongo nezixhobo ezizodwa. Ukongeza, zonke izigaba kufuneka ngokufanayo lolayisho esilungiselelwe ukusebenza oluchanekileyo network.

Iimfuno zikagesi

1. A eyahlukileyo kumgca okwingxelo ebhodini yotshintsho ukuya ibhafu kufuneka zibonelelwe ungumgqithi wesiphaluka. Ukususela kulo ngezinto uhlobo isixhobo sokukhanyisa VVGng ne NUM. Zingakotshwa ngumsindo 70 ⁰ C kwaye musa ukuxhasa inkqubo yokutsha.
2. Ngokuthumela bath ngomphunga iyawulwa ubushushu ikhethwe ukususela 170-180 ⁰ C (Types PMTK, PVKV, RKGM, APPV et al.). Alinako mayixhonywe kufutshane eziko. Intambo thermal nokufuma ukumelana kunye yokugquma lesilicon siboniswe kwibhokisi ibekwe kwindawo apho kukho ukufuma aphezulu obushushu, uze kuyo idityanisiwe kwicingo oqhelekileyo nje ukuba uya ikhaka.
3. Kuhlohlwe ephathelene ezifihlakeleyo, kodwa wavumela ukuba ukuvula. I zodaka kubhaliwe ilele phantsi isamente. On imigangatho yeplanga kokuba enziwe kwimibhobho incence, yimicu yesinyithi apha. ukhuselo Imibhobho metal akuvumelekanga ngenxa umhlwa.
4. iingcingo ezichukumisayo imigangatho yeplanga akuvumelekanga. Ukwenza oku, zonke zombane izixhobo ukwakweli ubushushu-resistant kwamagqabi ka-asbestos okanye ngodongwe. zilungiselelwe Insulators tye kunye langutela ka 35-40 cm, kwaye nkqo - 2 kwi log ngalinye.
5. Wire ezi-wire ezithathu-igalelo athathiweyo okuqinisekisa isisekelo izixhobo.

Iimfuno izixhobo zombane

1. Ukukhanyisa kwigumbi ubuxhaka- - yeyona isakhi sombane kuphela enokusetyenziswa apho, kodwa kwakhona zifakelwe i ezikweni yombane.
2. Zonke izixhobo uyonyulwa abanesidanga ukhuseleka ukufuma ayikho ngezantsi IP44 (ubungqina yegadi). Ukuba izibane LED zisetyenziselwa kumadanyana, nto leyo ke emanzini, zibe eliphezulu neqondo lokhuselo IP68.
3. Shield shelwe kwindawo eyomileyo, ezifana kwigumbi lokulinda. Kufuneka ibe igalelo enkulu, okuzenzekelayo RCD 5-10 Ma. Advantageously izibane kuxhaswa ukusuka kwinyathelo-phantsi sombane.
4. imimiselo æ zifuna ubushushu limiter esifakelwe ngomphunga ukuba sombane iziko ukuya kwi-140 ⁰ C.
5. Headlamps ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu amiselwe kunye ezinzileyo ukuze ukufuma nobushushu ukusuka iglasi kunye chuck ceramic. iindawo etyhidiweyo earthed lwezindlu. Ifanele bahlambe zonke luminaires ezisetyenziswa zangasese. Ombane ukukhanyisa uqobo 12 V okanye 24 V izibane ingasetyenziselwa kumachibi okudada imithombo, nto leyo kuba nje ufuna ukuba phantsi Jets okanye emanzini. Zisebenza kwi sombane kunye ziye zaphucuka ukhuseleko lombane. ukukhanya kwendalo Welcome kwigumbi ubuxhaka-.
6. Intsimi yombane sokuhlambela iyafuneka xa ukutyabeka yenziwe tiles yodongwe kwisiseko eziphathekayo. Kwakhe entabeni kwi screed, xa kukho umaleko tile iglu okanye top - in amakhuko zeplastiki thermostable. Power yi 180-220 W / m ^2. Top Izifudumezi zivalwe ngomaleko ngefoyile ye-aluminiyam, apho lihlala.
7. Ingcingo ngokuhlamba zenziwe ukubala sicatshulwa zazo ubuncinane nge ukuhlanjwa kunye umphunga.
8. Emidlalweni ziyaxhonywa phezu kweendonga, apho lobushushu lingaphantsi eluphahleni. Power yale igqengezelayo izibane mayingagqithi 60 Watts.

Indlela ukubala iintambo?

Ukubalwa nayiphi na iintambo iqala ukumisela igunya kuzo zonke iiyunithi. Ukukhanyisa kufuneka 1-2 kW. Malunga 3 kW kuya kufuneka kwi kumatshini wokuhlamba. heater zombane lutyabula 5 kW okanye ngaphezulu.

Umgama ucingo, indawo yolawulo umatshini bath induction Uyabubona umthwalo lonke iya kuba nkulu kunye necandelo yayo umnqamlezo (ngokuqhelekileyo - 4 mm ^2). Emva koko, ikheyibhile eyahlukileyo iya eziko. Its cross-candelo esisiseko kancinane ngaphantsi, kuba amandla ubuninzi osetyenzisiweyo (2,5 mm ^2). Kwakhona kuxhulumano eyahlukileyo imigca ukukhanyisa ezithengisa ezincani ngocingo umnqamlezo-candelo. Kuba ngamnye kubo yayo abaliweyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye necandelo obuvumelekileyo.

Okubalulekileyo! Ingcingo webhate akufuneki sindisa i ngamandla ukubonelela kwinkqubo endlwini. Ngaphambi kokufaka kuyimfuneko ukumisela indlela amandla eza ukutsala kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya.

ngamandla ombane

Kumiselwa umthamo ayikho nzima, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi izixhobo. Inani lokuqala ibonisa ombane (12 V, 24 V, 220 V), kwaye eyesibini - Power, kW. Kuxhomekeka ubukhulu bezinto lilonke umthwalo cable ekhethiweyo cross-candelo. Ngelo uqikelelo nje ka-1 ^mm2 icandelo ucingo lobhedu akhawunti 10 A umthwalo. Ngokufanayo, siya ungachaza iitafile ukuba ithathele ingqalelo indlela gasket. Umzekelo, ukuba ibe ngokufihlakeleyo icandelo cable zifuna ngaphezu emoyeni. Ixabiso kubalwa idityaniswe kwi-20% ye-supply amandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo maqula wire ucaphule-candelo 4 mm ^2.

Ukukhethwa oomatshini kunye RCD

miyalezo beesekethe zisetyenziswa ukukhusela iintambo nxamnye iziphaluka ezimfutshane kunye nomthwalo. Oomashini zikhethwa kwiimpendulo yangoku nge 10-15% lingangaphantsi kwexabiso eliphezulu kuvumelekile ukuba wire. Bona ayahluka eklasini. Ngokulinganisela layisha olujongene iintambo izindlu neebhate becala zisetyenziselwa le miyalezo udidi C kulandelwe le single-kwisigaba ezimbini-uyixhome inethiwekhi efakwa kumatshini, naphezu kumgca osusela lenjongo - esibondeni. Kubalulekile ukuba uxumano lwenziwe ngokusebenzisa ucingo live.

Sisixhobo ebalulekileyo kwiqela lenjongo olufunekayo kwiindawo nokufuma phezulu, a RCD. Le ezikhethwe kuluhlu eqhelekileyo, notshi ngexabiso ubuso ngaphezu umatshini isaqhagamshelwe phambi kwakhe. Ukuba yokugqibela yenzelwe 25 A, RCD kuthathwa 30 A.

Izixhobo kweentambo elingaphakathi

Le iingcingo babekwa emazantsi iindonga. A silahla ezitywiniweyo nesivalo okanye sivula babe negalelo ezantsi okanye ecaleni. Xa icala-igalelo iingcingo zigobile ngendlela edolweni, ukuthintela komisa ivuza kubo ngaphakathi.

Kwigumbi ubuxhaka- ezi ngcingo kungena eludongeni, kwiindawo indawo zalapho. iincam zawo free kufuneka ukuba esima encinane, ukuba lula ukudibanisa iiclamps.

izixhobo zombane earthed, ukuba babe amalungu omzimba yesinyithi. Ngenxa zecebo ezithathu-ubonelelo iintambo ikhethiwe.

Zonke iingcingo kwiqela lenjongo yombane ukuba bahlangane.

zikagesi

1. Esebenzisa le umzobo ingcingo webhate.
2. Ukubeka panel. Le ezifunekayo ukuhambisa umbane kwabayityayo. Ukuze oku zifikeleleka lula, ithuba umoya kwaye bazithobe oko lobushushu eliphezulu nokufuma. Ukuze kube lula wenkonzo lenjongo olufakwe nomphakamo 1.4-1.8 m kuyo wemikhosi kuvulwa kumatshini, leyo ifaka ephilayo wire obungwevu nemisonto -. Maphakathi. wire umhlaba Yellow-eluhlaza eqhagamshelwe komcu yokhuselo apho iintambo lwenziwa izixhobo zombane. Kuhlamba ifuna ndzhendzheleko emhlabeni eyahlukileyo. Ukuqwalasela iingcingo umbala ezifuyelwa koomatshini kumgca izibane, neziseko kunye zombane. Kwicala engaphakathi lenjongo ngendlu kwisekethe njo kuyo kweentambo luzakuhlambela ukulala. umatshini nganye ungene kwiqela abathengi yona.
3. Intambo ephathelene kwiqela lenjongo. Ngokubekwa kuphela ngokuthe nkqo. Bend kunye linegunya, azivumelekanga. Ufakelo evulekileyo, iindlela zavalwa okanye idityaniswe. indlela yangaphandle iqulathe elele phezu imiphezulu iinkuni, ngenxa gofrorukav, ijelo intambo okanye itreyi, ezenziwe ngezinto abangaxhasi komlilo. On imigangatho yeplanga obuphantsi kwabo Somrhaqa iziqwenga eziphathekayo yokwambathisa lithe tso yi-10 mm evela kumacala omabini umbhobho okanye umsele. Amanqaku uncamathiselo eziyimfuneko ukuze uqinisekise. On neendonga okanye iisilingi, iintambo zombane makayirhole insulators, izileyi, iintambo okanye imitya. Wire ngendibaniso zenziwa kuphela xa kuhlangana kwiibhokisi. kweentambo Hidden iyafakwa bath kuphela ngaphakathi izakhiwo, corrugations okanye iibhokisi ezivaliweyo (eludongeni, kwisilingi, phantsi emgangathweni elisusekayo, kwisilingi, ngaphakathi isakhiwo).
4. Idibanisa zalapho. Housing ekhethiweyo metal kunye lwesakhiwo - iglasi. Igumbi ukuhlamba kunye umphunga uvumelekile ukuba aqhube Lamp Voltage 12 V ukuya 36 V. Le iingcingo zikhethelwe kukhanyisa icandelo 1.5 mm ^2.
5. Idibanisa iziseko. Bona ibekwe kuphela kwigumbi lokunxibela okanye kwigumbi lokuphumla. ubukhulu wire - 2.5 mm ^2.
6. Idibanisa izixhobo zombane. itanki zokufudumeza nomatshini wokuhlamba efakiweyo kwigumbi elomileyo.

Indlela ukukhetha iziko yombane?

Ixhuma zombane. Oven isihlangu olubiyele ngomthi ne asbestos ubushushu phezu ngaphakathi. Asebe amandla, kuxhomekeke kwimali edingekayo kwaye izinga ubushushu. Ngaphezu koko, xa uthenga ungakhetha olufanelekileyo esinobukhulu nohlobo :. Wall, umgangatho, kunye umphunga umvelisi, njalo ixabiso 5 amawaka engange .. nangaphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kombane ukufudumeza mkhulu kakhulu kwaye akukho nawuphi na umbane yangaphandle ukunika amandla 5 kW, umzekelo, ukuba ubungqina. Elektrokamenka ezifakwe kunye intambo ngqo kumatshini njengekhaka.

iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa kufakwa ingcingo webhate

1. Indawo ngocingo uye imbawula kunye itshimini kufutshane kwe 0.8 m.
2. Iingcingo zombane iimitha 0.5 kufutshane neebhetri okanye imibhobho.
3. Ukusetyenziswa izibane kwi yokugquma yaye uhlamba degree esezantsi yokhuseleko IP44.
4. Lokujongana nokufakelwa endaweni ubushushu ephakamileyo kusetyenziswa ngentambo bile nto leyo gqitha ngokukhawuleza ngokutshisa.
5. Iingcingo zombane ibekwe kwi nophahla kwigumbi ubuxhaka-. Ngakumbi yingozi na ukuba kungabekwa phezu esitovini.

isiphelo

Ingcingo ngokuhlamba lisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezizodwa. lobushushu ephakamileyo nokufuma kumagumbi ukuba kuthotyelwe zonke iimfuneko zombane. Kunye noyilo olufanelekileyo, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-iingcingo kunye nezixhobo zombane ngokuthobela yonke imiyalelo yokufaka neebhate umbane uya kusebenza ngokuthembekileyo iminyaka emininzi.