Inkqubo yomthetho wentsapho Russian Federation

Umdla ngurhulumente nokulawulwa kobudlelwane okuvakaliswa kwiSiqendu 7 soMgaqo-siseko, njengoko apho lizwe inikwa inkxaso ngutata, ngumama, yobuntwana kunye nosapho. Okwangoku, iingxaki ezikhoyo kule ndawo iye ibaluleka.

Inkqubo yomthetho usapho ye-Russian Federation: definition

sphere ebheka imbaxa zamaziko ahlukeneyo kunye imimiselo zibonakaliswa IC amacandelo zezakhiwo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Code ikhoyo amacandelo 8, 21 isahluko, 171 inqaku. положения, регулирующие вопросы: inkqubo yomthetho mkhaya awuyomiqathango elawula:

1. Marriage.
2. Uxanduva namalungelo wabalingane.
3. ubudlelwane ngumzali.
4. izibophelelo Maintenance.
5. Iindlela zemfundo abantwana ngaphandle ukulondolozwa ngabazali.
6. Relations kunye inxaxheba basemzini abantu ngaphandle ngummi.

ulwazi zembali

на Руси существовала на основе традиций и обрядов. Inkqubo yomthetho usapho eRashiya eyayikhona ngokusekelwe amasiko nezithethe. Evela phakathi kwabantu buhlobo amasiko. Номокан. Umthetho wokuqala, leyo oqondela inkqubo yomthetho intsapho - nto Nomokan. Yaba intlanganiso leyo kuyo izimiso becala yehlabathi kunye imimiselo abalawuli Byzantine. Nomokan iye isetyenziswe eRashiya emva kokwamkelwa ubuKristu. Le ntlanganiso wawuzinyaswe utoliko kombono lomtshato. закреплялась и в Своде 1551 г., а также Уложении 1648 года во времена правления Петра Первого, ключевыми положениями, регулирующими эту сферу, были Указы 1714 и 1722 гг. inkqubo yomthetho ntsapho esisigxina, kunye Code of 1551, kwakunye Code of 1648, ebudeni bolawulo uPetros Enkulu, imimiselo engundoqo elawula le ndawo kwakukho imimiselo 1714 kunye neminyaka 1722. регулировалась Сводом законов. Kwi-19 - kwenkulungwane yama-20, inkqubo yomthetho ntsapho kulawulwa yi uludwe lwemithetho. Esi senzo lilungelo elingundoqo phambi October Revolution. Emva kokuba 1917 Ndiwise esamkelwa ngomhla abantwana, umtshato yoluntu kunye nezinye izinto. Ngowe-1918, ngo-Oktobha 22, ikhowudi lwezomthetho kuqala wabheka savunywa. Kwakugcwele imithetho elawula ubume boluntu, umtshato, elugcinweni. Ukususela ngowe-1926 waqalisa ukusebenza ikhowudi ezihlaziyiweyo kweli lizwe. Ngexesha Second World War ukuba imithetho ejolise ekomelezeni uncedo kumabhinqa akhulelweyo, oomama abangatshatanga kunye neentsapho ezinkulu ezivunyiweyo. Ezi zenzo Kananjalo ndawumisa amabhaso abafazi abathe benza igalelo eyodwa kuphuhliso yeziko usapho kweli lizwe. Ukususela-1969 ukuya ku-1996, i-Code zihlaziywa kwakhona. Ngomhla woku-1 Matshi 1996, wayeka igunya ngokunxulumene imvume IC entsha.

Ingakumbi kombono

Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezininzi, ngokoko apho le nkqubo iphathwa emthethweni usapho. ей присущи определенные признаки. Njengokuba isebe yomthetho uneempawu ezithile. Ingakumbi, le nkqubo ibandakanya isethi amalungiselelo elawula ubudlelwane ahambelanayo. комплекс знаний о тех или иных явлениях, происходящих в сфере личных отношений между людьми. Ukongeza, inkqubo yomthetho yomkhaya - entsokothileyo ulwazi malunga ngezenzeko ezahlukeneyo ezenzeka kummandla kobudlelwane zobuqu. Namhlanje, amaziko amaninzi bafundiswa uqeqesho, apho isifundo komthetho okhoyo, iimpawu yommiselo unxulumano kweli candelo.

isihloko

регулирует комплекс специфических отношений. Inkqubo yomthetho usapho ye-Russian Federation ilawula iseti yonxulumano ezithile. Bona kwakheka phakathi kwendoda nomfazi batshate. Okwangoku, akukho ngaphambili okanye ngoku akukho kuMgaqo-mthetho ingqiqo intsapho. Xa wenza Codes namhlanje ukuba gama kukuthi ngentetho evakalayo ngokwahlukileyo. Zesayensi, le ngcamango ingqalelo ukubaluleka zomthetho lwezenhlalo. Kwimeko yokugqibela, le ntsapho ngokuba Union of abemi, ngokusekelwe umtshato, ulwalamano umtshato kunye nolwalamano kanye, ukwenza imfundo bantwana. Ezi nobuhlobo luphawulwa izinto ezifanayo, ubomi, ukukhathalelana. Kwicala ngokwasemthethweni intsapho idlala njengeqela labantu abo iimbopheleleko ezinxulumene namalungelo evela zegazi, umtshato, ukwamkelwa okanye olunye uhlobo yokuthatha ngumzali.

ngezigaba

I kaMongameli Ndiwise №712 ukusuka 14.05.1996 ukuya p. 3 ibonisa ingqikelelo part-time, complex kunye nosapho elula. Kule yokugqibela kukho isibini nabantwana okanye ngaphandle kwazo. usapho Complex yi ngambini ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, xa indoda nomfazi kuhlala nabazali bomnye. iintsapho ezinomzali omnye ziquka, njengoko umthetho, oomama abangatshatanga, divorcees nabahlolokazi omnye, nabantwana ababini ubuncinane.

ubudlelwane nxaxheba

Amalungu zentsapho imiselwe ngokuhlalutya nokwakhiwa yonxulumano kwizifundo kulawulwa ngulo sebe umthetho. Ezi ziquka:

1. Amaqabane kabani umtshato ibhalisiwe kwi-Ofisi Registry Civil.
2. Abantwana kunye nabazali.
3. Abazukulwana kunye noomawokhulu / nootatomkhulu.
4. Sisters, bazalwana kunye nezinye izalamane.
5. Adoptees kunye nabazali.
6. Trustees, abagcini babafundi kunye iiwadi.
7. obamkele njengabakho kunye nabazali babo.
8. OOMAMA, ngootata, amadodakazi kunye stepsons.
9. Ootitshala eyiyo kunye nabafundi babo.

features ukulawula

. inkqubo yomthetho Family iquka imithetho jikelele kunye ezizodwa. Isebenza ukuba neentlobano impahla non-nempahla emtshatweni. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kukho intsebenziswano ngeendlela ezininzi ezifanayo ukuba ubuhlobo phakathi izifundo. Oku kuyafana nendlela kumgaqo. Ngelo xesha, inkqubo yomthetho yentsapho imithetho, iimpawu ezo zinxulumene ezichaphazela yobudlelwane. Phakathi iimpawu eziphambili kwezi ndibano yaye kufanele kuphawulwe:

1. Ukuveliswa of Property eMisebenzini le engaphathekiyo.
2. A ukwakheka kwisifundo esithile. Njengoko nxaxheba ngabantu elibonakalayo, ngaphandle kwezinye iimeko. Le Okungumahluko xa noxanduva trustees / abagcini babantwana ukuba abantwana bahlala kwimfundo, impilo kunye namanye amaziko ezifanayo, wenza ulawulo kula maziko.
3. Ukuqhubeka ubudlelwane kunye ubuntu isifundo ngayo. из положений, которые не допускают преемства обязанностей и юридических возможностей. T he inkqubo yomthetho mkhaya amalungiselelo ukuba asivumeli imisebenzi ezilandelelanayo kunye iinketho zomthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinako le ndebe ukudlula ukusuka komnye umntu iye komnye. Umzekelo, oku kusebenza izibophelelo yesondlo. Isifundo akakwazi shift ukuba omnye umntu.
4. Gratuitousness.
5. Ukufumaneka izibakala bezomthetho efuna ubhaliso karhulumente, ngokuba ukuvela yonxulumano.

Kuthiwa ukuba ayizizo zonke iinkalo mazithathwe epheleleyo. Kunjalo, bavumela ukuba ukuvakalisa ingakumbi ubudlelwane entsimini komthetho yosapho.

into ebaluleke

распространяется только на отношения, основанные на официально зарегистрированном браке. Inkqubo yomthetho usapho eRashiya usebenza kuphela ubuhlobo obusekelwe ngomtshato abhaliswe ngokusemthethweni. Xa indoda nomfazi, ukuba ngokusesikweni umtshato wabo kwi-Ofisi Registry Civil, intsebenziswano yabo impahla ilawulwa izibonelelo Code Civil. Ngokomzekelo, bonke bafumana amaziko Umtshato uthathwa impahla emtshatweni. Ukuba budlelwane ongabhaliswanga, njengoko umnini wepropati iya kuba uyinikezelwayo ngqo okanye lowo wawenza ngokwabo. iqabane elisemthethweni ukuba azi ukuba, umzekelo, ukuthenga impahla ngexesha lomtshato, emva koko yenze esinye isivumelwano kunye nayo (exchange, intengiso, njalo-njalo), Kungaba kuphela ngemvume iqabane, kubameli.

indlela yokulawula

Ngenxa yokuba ukuba ubudlelwane lwentsapho becala lobuqu, ukuba ibe nempembelelo karhulumente okugqithisileyo kwaye abangele sokunciphisa izinto kunye namalungelo abantu ngabanye. Okwangoku, kukho iimeko kwimbali xa ummiselo yayinzima ngokwaneleyo. Umzekelo, kwi-uBukhosi baseRoma e Agasti, ukulwa demoralization kunye okubi, Wamisa umsebenzi jikelele abemi abaye bafikelele kwiminyaka ethile, ukuba ukungena emtshatweni nokuba nabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Namhlanje, ubudlelwane usapho indlela ummiselo abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo dispositive. Oku kungenxa ilandelayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi iintsapho kuvela umnqweno efanayo izifundo. Oku, ingakumbi, umtshato okanye uphelele, ukwamkelwa abantwana njalo njalo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubudlelwane ukuba kuyenzeka ukuthanda yabemi. Umzekelo, libhekisela kwintlawulo ngenkani isondlo, ukuhluthwa amalungelo lobuzali, njalo njalo. Ezininzi iimeko eziye ngaphambili kulawulwa amalungiselelo linegunya, namhlanje ilawulwa ngezenzo dispositive. Ngokukodwa, amaqabane banikwa ilungelo lokukhupha contract umtshato kwaye ukuqinisekisa ukuba isiphelo nempahla yabo. Kungenjalo, phezu aseti eziphathekayo ezifunyenwe yi, kunye, kuya kusebenza imithetho jikelele. Kusenjalo, kuphantse alawulwa kunye nezibonelelo zomthetho. Okokuqala yonke imithetho enjalo ukukhusela umdla abantwana, amaqela abakhubazekileyo kunye namanye amathuba.

izimiso

amalungiselelo Key apho inkqubo yomthetho usapho, nâzo kwi siseko. Ukongeza, le migaqo ibalulekileyo ayinakutshintshwa yi kaMongameli Ndiwise №712 evela 12.05.1996. Phakathi kwabo kufanele kuphawulwe:

1. Ukuzimela geqe losapho ekwenzeni izigqibo eziphathelele kuphuhliso lwabo.
2. kuqala izinto womntwana, kungakhathaliseki ngokweenzala zabo kunye nendawo apho bayavuswa.
3. Ukulingana eentsapho kunye namalungu zabo ekuphunyezweni ilungelo ukuxhasa. Lo mgaqo uyasebenza nokuba ubume ekuhlaleni, indawo yokuhlala, ubuzwe, iinkolelo zonqulo abemi.
4. Ukulingana phakathi kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda. Lo mgaqo ijolise ekuqinisekiseni usasazo olulinganayo ngoxanduva.
5. Ubunye nkqubo entsimini komthetho lwentsapho kumanqanaba ezithili nokazwelonke.
6. Partnership phakathi kukarhulumente kunye amaqabane.
7. Ukwamkelwa izibophelelo igunya ukukhusela ngokungagungqiyo iintsapho ukusuka nanto kunye nobuhlwempu ezinxulumene ukubana, imfazwe, intlekele, ungquzulwano abaxhobileyo.
8. Ukuzaliseka inendlela enomahluko eqhuba kubonelelo kweziqinisekiso ejoliswe nokugcina umgangatho owamkelekileyo wokuphila izalamane abakhubazekileyo.
9. Uzinzo nokuqhubekeka-nkqubo karhulumente entsimini komthetho yosapho.

kulonda

Ukuphunyezwa izikhokelo ezingundoqo zomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kwisigaba ubudlelwane usapho lwenziwa kuphela imigangatho yomzi-mveliso, kodwa ngokubambisana kunye neminye imithetho. Ngokukodwa, TC yasekwa njengezikhuselo for abantwana kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ekwenzeni imisebenzi yawo umsebenzi. imithetho Security Social elawula inkqubo kunye neentlobo efumene abemi iinzuzo abanabantwana. Umzekelo, ezi ndidi zilandelayo iintlawulo ibekwe:

1. Kubeleka.
2. Yesixa-mali inzuzo kumabhinqa ababhalise ngethuba ekuqaleni kwethuba siswini.
3. Intlawulo lokuzalwa komntwana. It wabelwe ngexesha elifanayo.
4. Handbook on umntwana ekhefini ukunakekela ukuya kwiminyaka 1.5 (ukuba kubonelelwa qho ngenyanga).
5. Ezinye iintlawulo.

isiphelo

Kwicandelo kobudlelwane usapho akuyi kuba akukho sithintelo kwamalungelo izifundo, ngaphandle ngokungqinelana nomthetho federal. Kulo mzekelo, kunokwenzeka kangangoko ukuba iyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko yokuziphatha, iminqweno, impilo namanye amalungu osapho kunye nabanye abantu. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lonke lokukhulelwa kunye nonyaka omnye ukususela kumhla wokuzalwa umlingane okanye umntwana akakwazi ukufaka komtshato ngaphandle kwemvume umfazi lowo. Onjalo umyalelo ijolise ekukhuseleni iimfuno kunye nempilo yoomama kunye nabantwana. Abemi ongazanelisiyo imisebenzi yabo ngokumalunga umntwana, ndayihluthwa amalungelo lobuzali. Kwezi kunye nezinye iimeko ezifanayo, umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ejoliswe ekuphunyezweni eqinisekile echazwe kuMgaqo-siseko kunye UK.