Ipulangwe yaseSweden (USH)

I-monolithic slab njengesiseko isanda ngokuqhelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zokuhlala. Uninzi lwezindlu zinezakhiwo eziphantsi zokushushumbisa i-thermal, kwaye ziyaqhwala ebusika, zitshisa ubushushu ngaphantsi. Ukuthintela ubanda ukuba ungene kumgangatho wokuqala kumhlaba, isitya saseSweden esishushu esinomlinganiselo wokushisa ukushisa sisetyenzisiweyo. Ukuze kusekelwe isiseko esomeleleyo phantsi kwesakhiwo sonke, musa ukubeka ingozi yokuhamba komhlaba. Ukuhamba kunye kunye naloo nto kungabangeli ukugxininiswa kwengqondo kwisakhiwo kwaye akukhokeli ekutshatyalaliswa kwesiseko. Ngako oko, isitya sibizwa ngokuba "sinyuka".

Iingenelo zeplateshi yaseSweden ekhuselekile

Kwiinkqubo zobugcisa, zonke iinkonzo zonxibelelwano zibekwe kwisiseko. Isitishi esiseSweden esinezixhobo equkethe ukufudumeza kwamanzi kwisantya se-monolithic, esivumela ukuba singenise ii-radiators kumgangatho wokuqala. Iipayipi zibekwa kulo lonke ummandla, ngokufudumala ukufudumala umgangatho wokuqala wesakhiwo. Ngobuchwephesha obuqhelekileyo, i-screed ithululelwa kwi-underfloor, engayimfuneko kulo mzekelo.

Ngethuba lebusika, umhlabathi phantsi kwezindlu awukhenkceli, ngoko ke akukho nkunkuma. Xa kuthelekiswa neziseko eziqhelekileyo, kuninzi ukonga ukusebenzisa amandla okutshisa i-plate yaseSweden evuthayo. Iingqinisiso kumgangatho walo kulo mbandela zilungile kuphela. Ifomu ekhutshwe ngefomati ekhuselekileyo ikhusela indlu ngokufudumala kwezulu.

Unxibelelwano luvela kumgangatho kwiindawo ezifunekayo ngokuchaneka kwamangentimitha.

Imibhobho yamanzi epakelwe kwi-perimeter iqinisekisa ukukhutshwa komswakama ongaphezulu kwe- UWP. Iplani yaseSweden ekhutshiwe kufuneka ibe kwisiseko esomileyo. Imithombo yamanzi iqokelelwa kwiitanks ezihlukeneyo okanye ilahlekelwe kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo.

Isitofu saseSweden esinezixhobo: iingxaki

Iingxaki eziphambili zivela ngokukodwa ngohlobo lwezoqoqosho. Indleko ephezulu yofakelo idibene neendleko zempahla kunye neemfuneko eziphezulu kubafundi beemfundo. Isitishi saseSweden esingasetyenziswanga ngezandla, kuba iimpazamo ezenziwe ngexesha lokwakha ziya kuba nzima ukulungisa emva koko. Kwizakhiwo ezincinci, umzekelo wokuhlamba, into efanayo iya kwenziwa. Iindleko ezinkulu zokwakhiwa kwesiseko emva koko zihlawula ngenxa yeziphumo eziphezulu zokulondoloza amandla. Ngako oko, isitya saseSweden esisisigxina ekugqibeleni sinomlinganiselo ophezulu wexabiso lomgangatho.

Ubuncinane be-slab kufuneka ukuba kusetyenziswe ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye nezinto zanamhlanje. Sekungaziwa, ingaba yiminyaka emininzi yeqashiso phantsi kwesiseko.

Ukungabikho kwendlu yangaphantsi kwimeko yokuyila. Kodwa ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo ekuthandeni kwayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuba nokuhluka okunye kunye nokusebenza okukhulu.

Ubungakanani bokulungisa amanethiwekhi amancedo ahlala engathandabuzekiyo xa zifakwe kwisiseko. Isitofu saseSweden esisinakunokumelana nokuvavanywa kwexesha, ngaphandle kokuba i-quality ye-Europe yokufakela iqinisekiswe ngexesha lokumiswa kwayo.

Ukulungiselela

Isiseko asijonge kwaye asifuni iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zokucandwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isalathisi esicacileyo sisuswe. Awuvunyelwe ukukhukula i-slab ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba onodaka okanye we-peaty. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukumba isiseko esingu-400-500 mm ngaphaya, uzalise ngokucwangciswa kwesihlabathi esilungeleleneyo kunye nokucwangcisa.

I-geotextile ihlanganiswe nomhlaba ogqityiweyo kwaye ihlanganiswe ngesanti ngomgca we-15 cm. Inqwelwe kwaye idonsa iipayipi (kumgama we-house naphantsi kwe-slab) ibeke phezu kwayo, unxibelelwano lubekiwe. Zigutyungwe ngesanti, ezityetywayo kunye nocwangco-obunqamleziweyo.

Ukufakwa kwe-thermal insulation

Ukushisa ukushisa kwi-polystyrene e-extruded (EPS) ifakwa yonke i-perimeter kunye nobubanzi obungama-20-30 cm kunye noluhlu, njengolu hlobo olungenakususwa. Ukuba usebenzisa i-carbon insulation, kuya kuba ngcono ukukwazi ukujamelana nokunyanzeliswa okukhulu. Kufakwa kwiindawo ezimbini kunye nokuvalwa kwamanzi okuphakathi kwamanzi kwifilimu ye-PVC. Kwimijikelo kufuneka ikhuphe, ikhusele ukubunjwa kwamabhuloho ebandayo kwindawo yokuhlangana.

Ukuba i-terrace evulekile imele ifakwe kwindlu, ke intsimi yayo iyahlula kwi-mass ekhonkrithi ebhodini lokuqhawula i-polystyrene. Emva koko i-platinum yaseSweden ayiyi kuvumela ukubandayo kumagumbi angaphakathi.

Ukufakela "kumgangatho ofudumeleyo"

Kwi-stacks ye-EPPS kwiimimandla zombini enegridi eyenziwe ngoxinano oluxhaswe ngetambo, kwaye ngaphezu kwayo iipayipi ezenziwe nge -polyethylene ehambelana ne- molecularly cross . Zihlolwe ukuvuza kwaye zizaliswe ngumoya okanye amanzi phantsi koxinzelelo, ukuze iplastiki ingaphumeleli xa ihambisa ikhonkrithi. Ukutshisa kuqhutywa yinkalo yesiphaluka kunye nomkhiqizo ophezulu ukuya kumqokeleli omnye. Ubungakanani bhubhe nganye ayidluli kwimitha engama-90. Ubekwa yinkopho okanye inyoka, ephantsi kwelinye igumbi elithile. Emva koko kuya kukwazi ukulawula ukufudumeza kwigumbi ngalinye. Ukuhamba kakuhle xa ubeka iibhobho kunye nezinye iinkonzo, indawo phantsi kwelinye igumbi ibhalwe ngomtya.

Imibhobho yomgangatho ofudumalayo iphinde ibekwe ngaphantsi kokuqiniswa, ukuwafaka kwi-heatater. Emva koko isakhelo sibekwa phezulu kwiimpawu ezizodwa. Kule meko, inkqubo yokufudumala ikhuseleke kangcono kumonakalo xa ihambisa i-slab ngekhonkrithi.

Ngaphantsi kweplati, ukugxilwa kwendawo kuqhutyelwa kwisayithi yoluhlu lwayo lwendawo kwindawo yendawo yombane.

Ukuzalisa isiseko

Icandelo elingaboniyo le-EPPS longezwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kweebhodi zokhuni ezenziwe ngamabhodi adibeneyo, okufuneka amanyaniswe ngokukhuselekileyo. Emva kokuphosa i-slab ngebanga lekhonkrithi lingaphantsi kweM 350. Ubungakanani bayo bube ngama-120-180 mm, kwaye kunye ne-perimeter iqiniswe iimbambo ezinobuncinane ubuncinane be-300 x 300 mm. Bayiqonda umthwalo oyintloko ovela kwiindonga zendlu. Ukuba umthwalo wendlela uhlinzekwa ngaphakathi kwindlu, ke kulezi zindawo ubukhulu besiseko bunyuke ukuya kwi-300 mm (ngohlobo lwabanqabileyo).

Ikhonkrithe ithululiwe kwisinyathelo esinye kunye nokusasazwa kunye nokutywinwa kwe-vibrator. Olu unyango lwenza umxube ngakumbi weplastiki, obangela ukuzaliswa ngcono kwe-voids. Kule mi sebenzi, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ingalonakalisi ukunxibelelana kunye nemibhobho yokutshisa. Ukuzaliswa kwezimbambo kunye neplatesti kwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye, okwenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukufumana ukwakhiwa kwe-monolithic kunye nomhlaba opheleleyo.

Kwiiveki ezimbini kamva, ikhonkrit iqokelela i-70% yenkqantosi, emva koko i-platelet yaseSweden ekhuselekileyo ilungele ukulungiswa kwindonga kuyo. Kubalulekile ukugcina indawo enomanzi ngexesha lonke lobunzima, ngaphandle koko ikhonkrithi ayiyi kulukhuni.

Isiphelo

Yonke imigaqo yokulungiswa ngabenzi bezakhono kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziyimpumelelo, iplati yeshushu yaseSweden iyona ndlela ingcono kakhulu kwikhaya labucala. Isiseko sifanelekele nawuphi na umhlaba kwaye unomsebenzi ophezulu.