Ishishini Greenhouse: ukuqala phi? Isicwangciso ezolimo soshishino greenhouse

Ukudala ishishini ngokohlobo hothouse - oku asiyongcamango entsha. Noko ke, xa umbutho abanobuchule yeshishini "green" Akwaba bekukho imbuyekezo entle kakhulu. indlela yokuqalisa ishishini gases kwaye nendlela ukuba boyise imiqobo nazo kwi usomashishini osakhasayo yavelisa amagqabi? Kule nezinye izinto ezininzi ziza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Bahlaziye izinto ezingalunganga

Xa zokugcina imifino, imifuno ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iingingqi isusiwe izityalo 3-4 ngonyaka ngamnye. Ngako oko, ishishini esinjalo, enyanisweni, akanako kuba azincedi lutho. Kunjalo, ukongeza zinzuzo, inazo kuneengxaki. Cinga abo kunye nabanye kwitheyibhile.

ukuqala phi?

Yavelisa amagqabi entrepreneur umfanekiso omalunga kakhulu okanye isicwangciso samanyathelo ukuba negalelo kwimpumelelo yeshishini greenhouse effect. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imiba emininzi enxulumene lombutho hothouse, kodwa kuqala zonke kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo xa kusenziwa isigqibo imiba emithathu yokuqala:

1. Ntoni ukuze zikhule? Xa kujongwa iimeko zemozulu zihamba kakuhle kwi inani elincinane kwimimandla, uqikelelo ixabiso, kufanelekile ukuba ukulinywa kwemifuno kunye imifuno. Ezi zityalo ke nabalulamileyo kakhulu, musa kufuna unyango kakhulu, baya kuxhamla kuzo zonke ishishini greenhouse effect. Flowers - ukhetho iingcali ezininzi. izityalo engaqhelekanga kunye neentyatyambo - oku ke kwiindawo ezininzi inzuzo kwishishini greenhouse effect. Kodwa ke ishishini ntyatyambo kusoloko kuyingozi, yaye zibiza imali eninzi. Saqala, makhwelo greenhouse ishishini ukusuka ekuqaleni, kucetyiswa ukuba ukuqhelisela phezu oluhlaza (itswele, lettuce, parsley).
2. Ukuze uthengise? Lo ngumbuzo ekufuneka zisonjululwe phambi kokuba ukwakha okanye ukuthenga ongcolileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise umsebenzi kubalulekile ukuseka abafowunelwa kunye nabathengi. Okukhona nakanjani na amanqaku zeentengiso kuya kufuneka, bhetele, ngenxa yokuba xa omnye umthengi lehoseyile uyala ukuthengwa lwahluma, ngoko kukho enye.
3. Yintoni uhlobo lonikezelo greenhouse: ehlotyeni okanye ebusika? Zeziphi izixhobo kangakanani ukuthenga? Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ngokukhawuleza-zokugcina. More yalungiselelwa kushishino , zokugcina mveliso, kodwa eqolo. Ezinye abanini-mashishini abaseneminqweno ukwakha ngezinto ezilahliweyo, uze kuhlaziya kwaye zokubaxhobisa uqoqosho yemali. Enoba kangakanani uza ukutyala, uyacebiswa ukuba isicwangciso-lwabiwo in advance.

nomsebenzi othile

KwaMba kukho amacandelo amathathu oshishino: ukulinywa kwemifuno, iintyatyambo kunye uhlaza; ulwalathiso ngalinye greenhouse yayo. Ngokutsho kweengcali, ingeniso iphezulu kuyo kunokusinceda ukufumana imozulu iseshushu kakhulu, kungakuhle ukuba iqondo lobushushu ubusika wayengekho ngaphantsi kweqondo -5. Ebandayo yasebusika - yinto umngcipheko kakhulu ukuze siphephe oko, kuya kufuneka imali ngakumbi ukuthenga izixhobo usambathisa thermal. Iilahleko ezivela ebanda yasebusika iya kuba amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu iindleko ukuthuthwa kweempahla ukuya kwiindawo ezisemantla.

abanini-mashishini abaseneminqweno aya kuyinyula ulwalathiso: ngamaxesha athile okanye esisigxina ishishini greenhouse. ukuqala apho ucwangciso? Ukuba uza ukuzibandakanya kweli xesha lokukhula kwezityalo eziya ndlela yesiqhelo hothouse efama. ishishini Standing isekelwe phezu kwiindawo mveliso ezithile ngumhlaba akhuselwe, kunye kufudumeze unyaka wonke kunye nokukhanya.

Ukubala engqondweni yakho zonke iindleko kunye ingeniso elindelekileyo, ukuqwalasela umngcipheko zemali kunye neminye imiba ebalulekileyo ayikhankanyi ngaphandle kwesicwangciso soshishino. Kuyanceda ukuchonga nokusombulula iingxaki ezininzi kwinqanaba zamalungiselelo. Ngayo ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso soshishino enezakhiwo greenhouse?

Amacandelo isicwangciso soshishino

Isicwangciso soshishino Greenhouse kungaquka izigaba eziliqela. Sithabathela ingqalelo iimeko zendalo zemozulu, zonke iinkalo zoshishino ethile:

• Overview okanye isishwankathelo.
• Inkcazelo ishishini.
• Inkcazelo iimveliso kunye neenkonzo.
• Uhlalutyo kwimakethe noshishino.
• Isicwangciso Production kunye isicwangciso lombutho.
• nesicwangciso sentengiso.
• Isicwangciso mali kunye notyalo-mali.

Yintoni ukuba abhale isicwangciso soshishino?

Sinikela makungeniswe ileta ebhaliweyo echaza iinkcukacha zale projekthi kule theyibhile.

isicwangciso sezimali

Isiseko kwesicwangciso zemali nentekelelo lungeniselo elizayo kunye neendleko, ngaphandle kweli shishini greenhouse ube yimpumelelo. Ukongeza, umqeshi kufuneka ukuba athwale ezi zinto, ukubala ingeniso acwangcisiweyo yaye eyona, ingeniso umnatha, uwaphule-nkqu point kunye nakwezinye iimo ezalathayo. Ukudala nesicwangciso kunye nokugcina irekhodi kuya kuba lula ukohlula lonke ibiza ngexesha elinye-, ezinzileyo kunye neguquguqukayo:

• Iindleko Non-qho - iindleko eziza kufuneka ukuphumeza ixesha, ngokuqhelekileyo kusekwangoko (ukuthengwa zokugcina, oomatshini, zithwele amanzi, umbane, njl njl).
• Iindleko ezizinzileyo - ngokuqhelekileyo Iindleko zenyanga ehlawulwa usomashishini kwi isixa esilingana (irente komhlaba, imivuzo yabasebenzi, amanzi, umbane).
• iindleko eziguquguqukayo - iindleko ezivela amaxesha ngamaxesha ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo (yokulungisa zokugcina, ukuthenga izichumisi, iimveliso zepetroliyam (amafutha) ukulungiselela ukunikezelwa kwempahla).

Ngenxa inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga neendleko, sinako ukubala iindleko zizonke ngenyanga nganye kwaye kunyaka wonke. Kuyanceda lula itafile umsebenzi, nto leyo eya anikezele ikholam ukuba ngenyanga nganye, kwaye ayincedi neendidi iindleko.

Kuyinto ebalulekileyo ukuba kwezinye iingingqi bafumana izityalo 2-3 ngonyaka ngamnye, kwaye kwezinye 4 zokugcina izityalo. Isicwangciso soshishino ikuvumela ukuba ukubala nje ezingenayo eqikelelweyo. Ukuze wenze oku, kubalulekile ukwazi kunamaxabiso entengiso kunye imiqulu zesityalo square metre nganye. Kwemali kuya kuvela kuphela emva kwentengiso kwezityalo abaqolileyo kwaye ixhomekeka kuhlobo imveliso, ixabiso layo emarikeni.

Ngokomzekelo, sikhetha ishishini gases oluhlaza. Thina ukwenza ubalo uqikelelo ukwenzela anyanisi green. Kwivenkile, umqadi isaphetha intshula ukuya engange-30, malunga iindleko olunye 1 kg itswele esisekweni. iibhalbhu Ukususela 100 ukuya kwi-120 ezicwangcisiweyo ukutyala kwindawo greenhouse 1 m ^2. Ngaba lungafumaneka anyanisi 100 ukuya 120 neyophahla 1 m ^2. Ngoko ke, 1 m ² zokugcina kuya ukuya ku 3000 engange. Khupha iindleko ingeniso kunye nenzuzo. Masithi, iindleko ngexesha elinye-esele ezenziweyo. Iindleko esaleleyo zokugcina zokufudumeza nonkcenkceshelo, kunye nabanye, nto leyo eyayifikelela kwi-1 m ² 500 engange.:

3000 - 500 = 2500 engange.

Kuyinzuzo 1 m ² liphindaphindwe ummandla lilonke 150 m ^2:

2500 × 150 = 375 lamawaka. Hlikihla.

Emva kokuphungula irhafu inzuzo net, nto leyo iya kubonisa ishishini greenhouse ukuba nempumelelo, wowulungela ukutyala imali yabo, ixesha kunye nomgudu. Ngenxa yoko, imbuyekezo kwi ishishini gases kwamabala ukhula yokubala eyiyo inokuba iinyanga eziliqela. Ukufunwa rhoqo kubathengi ivumela entrepreneur ukwenza ingeniso kunyaka wokuqala ukusebenza, ngoko ke inzuzo yeshishini greenhouse eyamkelekileyo.

njengotyalomali

Isicwangciso mali ibandakanya icebo utyalo-mali okanye utyalo-mali kuzo zonke izigaba zophuhliso loshishino, imali eyinkunzi ekuqaleni. Olu tyalo-mali wokuqala uya kuba ongcolileyo. Usomashishini uyithathaphi amaxwebhu eprojekti ngenxa yakhe, yonke uthungelwano lwangaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuba uyazi indlela yabiza sonke isixhobo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba yokwaba imali ukwakhiwa zokugcina, uqhagamshelwano kwiinethiwekhi (umbane, amanzi), ukuthenga izixhobo kunye nokutyala eziphathekayo. Ezi tyalo mali iyakuqukwa kwiindleko kwi-line ekungenwe kuzo usomashishini ukufumana inzuzo yabo yokuqala ukusuka zokugcina.

Loluphi uhlobo greenhouse ukukhetha?

Phambi kokuba uthenge abamba uya ukugqiba udidi yayo. uhlobo zokugcina kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu, uluhlu neyodwa koqoqosho;

• Zokugcina uhlobo zasehlotyeni-ukukhanya ilula kwaye ufake eziliqela iiyure. Olu hlobo lwezakhiwo yakhiwa iiyure ezimbalwa. version Summer of zokugcina zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengoko zokuzikhusela iimvula ezinkulu kunye nezinambuzane.
• Zokugcina uhlobo ebusika, ikuvumela kakuhle kwelanga uncedo ukudala nokugcina microclimate kuyimfuneko. Ngoko ke, ukuba zifaneleke ngakumbi enyamekela ukulinywa nasiphi na isityalo, kuquka neentyatyambo.

Zokwakha zokugcina

Ukudala lobushushu isityalo efanelekileyo imali eninzi. Zibiza Compostela akayi kuba nako ukugcina lobushushu elifanelekileyo ixesha elide. Kubalulekile ukuba ucinge ukhetho izinto, nto leyo eza kusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwayo. Namhlanje ukuthandwa yezi ntlobo zemathiriyeli:

• Glass. A ixesha elide kakhulu, ishishini gases bakhaya yakhiwa kwenye izinto eziphambili kwimeko yangoku - kweglasi. Kuye zingasetyenziswa ukwenza greenhouse igqunyiwe, leyo ngempumelelo kusetyenziswa de ukuwa kade. Glass adlulisele 90% ukukhanya. Kodwa kwiinyanga zasebusika obubandayo, kufanelekile, akukhathaliseki nokuba Izifudumezi abongezelelweyo zisetyenziswa. Iglasi uba kwintswelo brittleness, amaqondo aphantsi na ukumtshabalalisa. A iindleko Injengokubengezela iya kuba kunokuba enkulu. Kulo mba, izinto ilungele ukusetyenziswa okwethutyana.
• Polyethylene - izinto ezisetyenziswayo ixesha elide ezininzi iinketho zokugcina. Its inzuzo - ngexabiso eliphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto. Noko ke, ethile okuphawulekayo bandwidth encinane. izityalo ezininzi kuya kufuneka imithombo ezongezelelweyo lokukhanya. Ebamba kuyimfuneko ukuvula kwimozulu eyamkelekileyo izityalo yi kwelanga. Le nto iye amandla eliphantsi kukuhla ubushushu, ngoko kufanelekile kuphela zokugcina zasehlotyeni.
• ishishini ekhaya greenhouse ayikwazi bacinge ngaphandle polycarbonate. Kuyinto yimveliso ubugcisa bale mihla, amaxesha 250 elide ngokukhanya amaxesha 8 ngaphezu glass ngakumbi. amandla ayo ubushushu izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphezu koko zeglasi kunye polyethylene. Polycarbonate kuphela yinto enokwenzeka Imathiriyeli zokugcina ebusika. Ukuqinisekisa kwii inkulu ukukhanya ivumela polycarbonate uphahla greenhouse ayikho ngaphezulu kwe-9 mm. Iindonga angaba mkhulu. Xa ukhetha ongcolileyo polycarbonate kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iyafumaneka iintlobo ezimbini: owomeleleyo zeselula. A plus enkulu polycarbonate, ekubeni ecacileyo kwaye kunomzimba monolithic. kucetyiswa ukuba ishishini polycarbonate greenhouse.

isiphelo

Ukufama kwe-Greenhouse yile shishini elimele liphuhlise kwaye liphucule. Ukhuphiswano oluphezulu kumashishini linciphisa izinga lentlawulo. Ubuchwephesha obutsha buvela, kodwa ngelo xesha ixabiso lezixhobo likhula. Ngoko ke, umntu oshishino kufuneka akwazi ukuthengisa nje kuphela, kodwa ugxininise kwimarike, ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kunye nokwandisa ishishini.