Isibetho sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Iimpawu, unyango, iziphumo

Isibetho sisifo esibi sisifo esithathelwanayo , esenzeka ngokunyuka kwindlubhiso yomzimba, umonakalo kwimiphunga kunye ne-lymph nodes. Ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubhekiselele kwimeko engemuva kwesi sifo, inkqubo yokuvuvukala ikhula kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba. Esi sifo sibonakaliswe ngumlinganiselo wokufa kwabantu abaphezulu.

Umlando

Kwimbali yoluntu yanamhlanje kwakungekho isifo esinesihlwili njengesibetho. Kuze kube namhlanje, ulwazi lu fi kelele ukuba kumaxesha amandulo isifo sithatha ubomi beqela elikhulu labantu. Izifo zesifo zivame ukuqala emva kokuqhagamshelana ngqo kunye nezilwanyana ezisulelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kuba yindlala. Amatyala afana anjalo ayaziwa.

Iyokuqala yayibizwa ngokuba yiJustinian. Le meko yabhubhane yabhalwa kwintsimi yaseYiputa (527-565 gg.). Owesibini wabizwa ngokuba nguMkhulu. Isibetho eYurophu sagubha iminyaka emihlanu, sithatha kunye nabantu ababalelwa kwizigidi ezingama-60. Ingozi yesithathu yenzeka eHong Kong ngo-1895. Kamva, yafudukela kwintsimi yaseIndiya, apho abantu abayizigidi ezili-10 bafa.

Esinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu eFransi, apho ngelo xesha kwakuhlala i-psychic Nostradamus. Wazama ukulwa "nokufa okumnyama" kunye ne-phytotherapy. I-Florentine iris, i-sawdust ye-cypress, i-clove, i-aloe kunye ne-aura ecocekileyo ixutywe neepalesi zama rose. Ukususela kumxube obangelwayo, i-psychic yenza oko kuthiwa iipilisi zepinki. Ngelishwa, isibetho eYurophu sasidla umfazi nabantwana bakhe.

Iidolophu ezininzi apho ukufa kwabusa khona kwakugqitywa. Oogqirha, bezama ukunceda abagulayo, begqoke isixhobo sokulwa nesibetho (i-long cloak, i-mask eneempumlo ende). Kwimaski, oogqirha babeka amalungiselelo ahlukeneyo omhlaza. Umlomo waso wawuxutywa ngegalikhi, kwaye izigubhu zazingena ezindlebeni.

Kutheni i sibetho sakha?

Intsholongwane okanye ibhetri yinto ekhuselekileyo yesifo? Esi sifo sibangelwa yi-microorganism ebizwa ngokuthi nguYersonina pestis. Le bhaktiriya ihlala isasebenza ixesha elide. Kubonisa ukuchasene nenkqubo yokufudumala. Kwimiba yendalo yangaphandle (i-oksijeni, imisebe yelanga, utshintsho lwe-acidity), ibhaktiriya yesibetho iyatshatyalaliswa.

Umthombo wesi sifo iindonga zasendle, kwimizi yasezidolophini zivame iiliti. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, umphathi webhakethi ngumntu.

Isibetho sisasazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, indawo ehamba phambili phakathi kwayo ehambayo. Iibhaktheriya ziyi-fleas kunye namacenge. Bahlala kwizilwanyana ezithutha ii-microorganisms ze-pathogenic ngokufuduka. Abantu banokusuleleka xa behlamba i-fleas entanyeni. Ezi zigulo zineempembelelo ezinzulu kwiiveki ezisixhenxe.

Bonke abantu banokungenwa kwintsholongwane yemvelo. I-Pathology inokukhula ngokusuka kwimvelaphi yentsholongwane nangayiphi na indlela. Ukukhuselwa kwe-post-infectious is relative. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko eziphindaphindiweyo zentsholongwane zisoloko zenzeka kwimo ephosakeleyo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zesibetho: iimpawu zesifo

Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwesi sifo luvela kwi-3 ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-6, kodwa kwindlala kunokuncitshiswa kube yimini. Isibetho siqala ngokukhawuleza, sihamba ngokukhawuleza ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa, iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa komzimba. Izigulane zikhalaza ngokungahambi kakuhle kumalungu, ukuhlanza nokungcola kwegazi. Kwiiyure zokuqala zentsholongwane, kukho iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Umntu usebenza ngamandla, ulandelwa ngumnqweno wokubalekela kwindawo ethile, ngoko kuvele i-hallucinations kunye nama-deliriums. Kucacile ukuthetha nokuhambisa umntu osulelekileyo.

Iimpawu zangaphandle ziyakwazi ukugqithisa ubuso, ukugqithisa okukhulu. Ubonakalo obusweni bubonakala kumbala obonakala buhlungu. Ulwimi lukhula kancinci ngobukhulu, iingubo ezimhlophe zibonakala kuyo. Kwakhona kwaphawula ukuvela kwe-tachycardia, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Oogqirha bahlukanisa iintlobo ezininzi zezi zifo: i-bubonic, isikhumba, i-septic, i-pulmonary. Uhlobo ngalunye lunempawu zobunjani. Siza kuthetha nabo ngokubanzi kwizinto ezikule nqaku.

Isibetho seBubonic

Isibetho se-Bubonic yindlela eqhelekileyo yesifo. Iibhobho zitshintsho ezithile kwii-lymph nodes. Njengomthetho, zinohlobo olulodwa. Ekuqaleni, ububele buyabonakala kwii-lymph nodes. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-1-2 zandisa ubungakanani, zenze i-doughy consistency, iqondo lokushisa liphakama ngokukhawuleza. Inkambo eqhubekayo yesifo ingaholela kokubili ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo kwe-bubo, kunye nokwakhiwa kwezilonda.

Isibetho sesikhumba

Kule fom ye-pathology, ukuvela kwe-carbuncle kwindawo apho i-pathogen yaziswa ngayo emzimbeni iyimpawu. Izifo zesibetho zihambelana nokubunjwa kweepustules ezibuhlungu kwesikhumba ezinezinto ezibomvu. Eduzeleni kubo yindawo yokungena kunye ne-hypermia. Ukuba i-pustule ivuliwe ngokwayo, isilonda esinobumba obuphuzi sivela kwindawo yaso. Emva kwexesha, i-bottom igxothwe ngumbundu omnyama, ogqitywa kancinci, oshiya izibazi.

Isibetho sePulmonary

Isibetho se-pulmonary yindlela eyona yingozi kakhulu yesifo kwisifo sengqondo. Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa lihamba ukusuka kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini. Ngomhla wesibini emva kokusuleleka, kukho ukukhwehlela okuqinileyo, kukho ubuhlungu kwisifuba, ukuphefumula okufutshane. Kufunyenwe iimpawu ze-roentgenogram ze-pneumonia. Isiqhamo sisoloko sihamba kunye nokukhukhulwa kwamanzi kunye negazi. Xa imeko ibuhlungu, kukho ukuphazamiseka ekuqaphelweni nasekusebenzeni kweenkqubo eziphambili zezitho zangaphakathi.

Isibetho seSeptic

Esi sifo sibonakala ngokuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Isibetho seSeptic sisifo esingaqhathananga nesifo esichaphazelekayo ekubonakalweni kweemfucuza kwesikhumba kunye neembrane ezinamaqabunga. Kancinci, iimpawu zokudakwa ngokweqile. Ukususela ekutshatyalaliswa kweeseli zebhaktheriya egazini, umxholo wezinto ezinobuthi uyanda. Ngenxa yoko, imeko yesigulane ihla kakhulu.

Amanyathelo okuchonga

Ngenxa yengozi ethile yale ntsholongwane kunye nokuphakama okuphezulu kwiibhaktheriya, ukuphuma kwe-pathogen kuqhutyelwa kuphela kwi-laboratory. Iingcali zenza ucingo lwezinto ezivela kwi-carbuncle, i-sputum, i-buboes kunye nezilonda. I-excretory iyakunqandwa kwigazi.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Serological kwenziwa ngosizo lwezi zilandelayo zivavanyo: RNAG, ELISA, RNGA. Kunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa i-DNA ye-pathogen ngokusebenzisa i-PCR. Iindlela ezingaqhelekanga zokuxilongwa zibandakanya iimvavanyo zegazi kunye nomchamo, i-rayography yamaphaphu.

Ziyiphi na unyango olufunekayo?

Izigulane ezifunyaniswe "nesibetho", iimpawu ezibonakalayo iintsuku eziliqela, zifakwe kwiibhokisi ezikhethekileyo. Njengomthetho, eli gumbi elinye, lixhotywe kwigumbi elingaphandle lendlu yangasese kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo lineminyango emibini. Ulwaphulo lwe-Etiotropic lwenziwe ngamayeza okulwa ne-anti-antibiotics ngokuhambelana nesimo seklinikhi yesifo. Ubungakanani benkqubo yeyeza unyango lweentsuku ezi-7-10.

Xa isikhumba sichazwe, "Co-trimoxazole", kunye ne-bubonic - "Levomycetin." Ukunyanga i-pulmonary and septic case, iStreomyomycin ne-Doxycycline zisetyenziswa.

Ukongezelela, unyango olungumqondiso lwenziwa. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa, ama-antipyretic agents asetyenziswa. Ukubuyisela uxinzelelo lwegazi, misela i-hormone ye-steroid. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuxhasa umsebenzi wemiphunga kunye nezintso ngokufaka endaweni yokufakelwa kwemisebenzi yabo.

Forecast kunye nemiphumo

Okwangoku, ngokuxhomekeke kwiingcebiso zogqirha unyango, ukufa okuvela kwisibetho kuncinane (5-10%). Ukunyamekelwa ngonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokuthintela ukuveliswa kwegalelo kubangela ukubuyisela ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi yempilo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-sepsis ehamba phambili ifunyaniswa, enzima ukuyiphatha kwaye ihlala iholela ekufeni.