Isicelo kunye nefuthe "Cefotaxime." "Cefotaxime":-analogue beziyobisi

Zintsholongwane "cefotaxime" - onamandla kweziyobisi ukulungiselela unyango lwezifo ezosulelayo kunye nokuthintela iingxaki postoperative. Ichiza eyaziswa emzimbeni isitofu, ivame ezimiselweyo zombini abadala kunye nabantwana. It is a zintsholongwane semisynthetic kunye sodium le into esebenzayo sefotaksim.

imiphumela kwemithi

"Cefotaxime" - cephalosporins yaBameli, inyathelo bactericidal kuqinisekiswa kwezithandani ye ukuyilwa ezindongeni ngayo iintsholongwane.

Elwa ilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa parenteral, kuyaphumelela xa zidibene Igram-ezimbi neebhaktiriya abaxhathisayo kwezinye nemithi, unako ukwenza kwi gram-HIV cocci, kodwa ngaphantsi esebenzayo kwe iintsholongwane gram-negative.

Pharmacokinetics

Ichiza ako ngokukhawuleza, ngokuxhomekeke idosi ichanekile kwi plasma imizuzu emihlanu okanye isiqingatha seyure emva injecting kwaye ligcine bactericidal lokuhlala igazi ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-12. Ichiza engena inyama neencindi, isasazwe kakuhle kuzo. Xa kusetyenziswa amayeza lokwaphusa unako ukungena ubisi lwebele. Le nguqu "Cefotaxime" eliphezulu kufikelelwe xa olusebenzayo lokuhlala lwamalunga, peritoneal kunye iziselo pleural. Ukuveliswa lwenziwa zingatshintshi nomchamo (60%), kunye ngohlobo metabolites. Kuba isiqingatha ubomi ngenxa V / m kunye / kwi efunekayo 1 hr.

Iimpawu zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa medicament

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba iziyobisi esiwasebenzisayo uhlobo ezosulelayo of ukudumba nomsindo micro-eziphilayo ukuba ubuzaza ezahlukileyo 'cefotaxime "(ubukhulu becala gram-negative). Ikhutshwe kuthetha kuphela kwizitofu "Cefotaxime" analogs emacwecweni ezikhoyo, ichiza kusetyenziswa ekuchongeni ezinjalo ithi:

• usulelo echaphazela kwisisu;
• izitshanguba esikhumba, amalunga, kwizihlunu ezithambileyo kunye ithambo;
• izifo ye nokuphefumla phecana, impumlo, umqala, iindlebe;
• usulelo echaphazela inkqubo womchamo;
• isifo Lyme;
• kwiintetho ezikralayo, iinkqubo zaso lwendalo amalungu zangasese, ukuvuza ngaphantsi;
• betshisa, wathelela amanxeba;
• meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia;
• izifo of immunocompromised;
• zokuthintela izifo ezosulelayo emva Iinkqubo zotyando (imisebenzi amalungu emathunjini phecana, yokubelekisa kunye yamanina kunye neenkqubo yomchamo).

Izimo

"Cefotaxime" analogue kwi izitofu kufuneka Izimo ezithile ekufuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kokuba kulawulo ichiza.

Ichiza contraindicated xa hypersensitivity ukuya penicillins, carbapenems kunye nezinye cephalosporins. ezimiselweyo Its ngobunono ukwenzela izifo wesibindi nezintso, sisilonda sikabhobhosi, zisanyisa. abafazi abakhulelweyo ezimiselweyo kuphela xa kukho umngcipheko omkhulu kwimveku okanye unina lomzimba bekumele kuzuza kakhulu luyazedlula imingcipheko kunokwenzeka. Xa kusetyenziswa ngokunxulumene kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-2.5, akuvumelekanga ukuba usebenzise indlela isitofu intramuscular.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, idosi

Ukuze ukwazi ukuzalela njani "cefotaxime", kuyafuneka ukuba ufunde ingcaciso enikwe kwi imiyalelo ukusebenzisa iziyobisi. Amayeza Wayefuna ukuba / m kunye / kwintshayelelo (nge dropper okanye bolus).

Ichiza omiselwe izigulana ezindala ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-12, xa ubunzima umzimba ngeekhilogram mkhulu kuno-50:

• Izifo ezosulelayo ye womchamo kwaye kwezi meko xa usulelo lwenzeka ngaphandle kubunzima ephilayo nangayiphina indlela ekhoyo ukunika 1 g yokulungiselela kwizithuba iiyure 8-12;
• ayinzima iifom: ukuvuza ngaphantsi etsolo ezilawulwa zibangele yi intramuscular indlela 1 g iziyobisi;
• ngokusebenzisa ichiza ukunyanga izifo indalo ezosulelayo, ubungqongqo apho medium, naziphi na iindlela 1-2g kunokwenzeka ilawulwa nge periodicity kuthetha kwiiyure ezili-12 (phambi kokuba isityalo "Cefotaxime", kubalulekile ukufunda ngenyameko imithetho ekuthi ngawo izisombululo zilungiselelwa isitofu) ;
• ezenzeka nzima izifo, umz, meningitis, zifuna ukuthatyathwa kulo vein 2 g beziyobisi ngamathuba iiyure 4-8, kunye idosi iphezulu ngosuku ungabi ngaphezu kwe-12 g; ixesha lonyango ixhomekeke ubungqongqo imeko;
• ngaphambi kokuba imisebenzi ngexesha zomzimba ukuphelisa amathuba osulelo ilawulwa 1 g beziyobisi, kwezinye iimeko iiyure 6-12 ikhutshwa yokungenisa kuthetha;
• ngokuqhaqhwa lwenziwa ngokuthi unike 1 g "Cefotaxime" kamva le nkqubo iphindiwe.

Ichiza lendlele ikwasetyenziswa yegazi ngokunxulumene iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha kubelekwa:

• yobudala ingaphantsi kwe-1 ngeveki - kusetyenziswa 50 mg nganye 1 kg ubunzima bomzimba kunye amaza iiyure ezili-12;
• kubudala obungangeeveki-1 ukuya kwelesi-4 - 50 mg nganye 1 kg ubunzima bomzimba kunye periodicity yeeyure eziyi-8.

Abantwana abathwali kilograms ngaphantsi kwama-50 eneminyaka engama-2.5, anyule 4-6 Intshayelelo Enye yeendlela kunokwenzeka ka 50-180 mg kwekilogram ubunzima bomzimba ngamnye (ukuba aqondwe "cefotaxime" uhlobo novocaine, kufuneka ufunde le miyalelo ngocoselelo) . Xa kukho indlela kakhulu zesi sifo, ukusetyenziswa 100-200 mg / kg. Usuku zamkelekile ukuya kwi-12 g beziyobisi.

Ukulungiselela izisombululo ukuba isitofu

inaliti efakwa

Wawuqalekisa amanzi isitofu (4 ml) yaye exutywe nge-1 g beziyobisi. Isisombululo ilawulwa phezu imizuzu 3-5, kubalulekile ukunika unikezelo olucothayo emzimbeni.

nokubandakanywa efakwa (ithontsi)

Xa 50-100 ml wesinyibilikisi (dextrose-5% okanye sodium chloride 0.9% th) exutywe 1-2 g beziyobisi kunye nokubandakanywa yenziwa imizuzu 50-60.

intramuscular

Xa ml 4 isisombululo (1% isisombululo novocaine -th, amanzi inaliti) athathe 1 g beziyobisi, wenze iinaliti kwi ezimpundu, kufuneka inaliti singene nzulu esihlunwini.

Ukuthobela imiyalelo amayeza usebenzisa

"Cefotaxime" analogue emacwecweni apho kukho ezikhoyo, usetyenziswe ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo ethile. Phambi ngokusebenzisa amayeza yimfuneko ukuba akhutshwe amathuba komzimba. Izigulane ngubani sibe sicinga Andidibani penicillin, ichiza kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokuqaphela okukhulu. Ukuba kukho uvakalelo izinto eziqulathwe kule imveliso amayeza, ukusetyenziswa kwaso wayeka. Xa unyango iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-10 kufuna ukuhlolwa ngamaxesha nokuhamba kwegazi yoluvo. Ukuphelisa basabela ezingathandekiyo ngexesha unyango kufuneka uyeke utshwala.

Overdosing ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

"Cefotaxime" analogue kwi kumiswa inani elikhulu yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga:

• ziyabagulisa (urticaria, ukurhawuzelela, irhashalala, ifiva, kuthibaza, bronchospasm, anafillaksiya, eosinophilia, angioedema, ityhefu epidermal necrolysis kunye Stevens-Johnson);
• ukuqunjelwa (iintlungu esiswini, dysbacteriosis, flatulence, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukuqhina okanye isifo sorhudo, ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo - nokudumba pseudomembranous);
• glossitis, stomatitis;
• yokuphazamiseka kwinkqubo hematopoiesis (hypocoagulation, igazi hemolytic, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia);
• ukungaqheleki kule amalungu wokuchama (nephritis Embi, anuria, oliguria, azotemia, amanqanaba aphezulu urea egazini);
• isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu;
• iinkqubo ezigxekayo kwinkqubo yegazi (arrhythmias ephethe usongo ebomini);
• reactions zendawo ikhokela (infiltrate, buhlungu / m, phlebitis);
• utshintsho parameters elebhu (okungamanga Coombs 'test);
• superinfection (candidiasis ngomlomo, candida හසුරුව isiphathi).

"Cefotaxime" analogu beziyobisi xa esetyenziswa ngeedosi aphezulu kunokubangela libanda, elandelwa unditsho kunye nezinye iimpawu, phakathi kwabo - ixhala, iingcangcazela, Encephalopathy (rhoqo eli uphawu uyaqapheleka izigulana ukusilela kwezintso). Ukunciphisa iimpembelelo wonyango kwangumqondiso libanda iyasetyenziswa.

Drug intsebenziswano namanye amayeza

Ukuba ufuna ukufumana indlela kunye sisincoko efana ekubhalweni mali akayi kuba nzima "cefotaxime" analogu pick. Kodwa akukho nto, ngoncedo unyango ichiza ngokusebenzisa analogu sokuqala okanye, xa kunjalo, kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo intsebenziswano beziyobisi kunye namanye amayeza.

Xa "cefotaxime" kusebenza zombini kwiziyobisi ezinokuba nephrotoxic ezifana furosemide, antibiotics aminoglycoside, kubalulekile ukuba bagcine umsebenzi nezintso, ngenxa umngcipheko igalelo nephrotic.

Kuba unyango lwezifo ezininzi kunye nokuthintela uphuhliso lwabo badla sebenzisa "cefotaxime". Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa, analogue iziyobisi ziye ukuba wafunda, njengoko esi sixhobo kunokubangela allergies, wehlelwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nezinye iimpawu. Izisombululo beziyobisi akufunekanga ukuba isetyenziswe kunye nezinye izisombululo-ntsholongwane, abanako kuqhagamshelwa kwigumbi yedriphu kunye nesirinji.

analogs

Kuthetha ukuba "cefotaxime" analog kufuneka zikhethwe ukulungiselela into esebenzayo. Of nucleoside zezakhiwo kungathiwa:

• cefotaxime sodium;
• cefotaxime igutyana, Sandoz, sodium kunye Amaleki;
• tsefosin;
• tsefantral;
• tsefabol;
• tsetaks;
• tirotaks;
• tartsefoksim;
• taltsef;
• irhafu-to-bid;
• spirozin;
• rezibelakta;
• oritaksim;
• oritaks;
• liforan;
• klafotaksim;
• klaforan;
• klafobrin;
• kefoteks;
• intrataksim.

Ekubeni kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo lokulungiselela "cefotaxime" analog ukukhetha lula, kodwa t. To. Le analogs isenokuba nezinye ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nefuthe lazo impiliso lisenokuba buthathaka, ngokubuyisela ichiza lokuqala kufuneka zikhethwe ngononophelo olukhulu. Ukuze uphephe iziphumo ezingafunekiyo, kufuneka afunde iinkcukacha kangangoko malunga iziyobisi ziyilelwe ukuba kusetyenziswa.