Motorcycle M-72. isithuthuthu eSoviet. salman Retro M-72

Ngesithuthuthu M-72 zexesha yiSoviet yaveliswa kukuninzi, ukususela 1940 ukuya 1960 kwizityalo ezininzi. Kwakunjalo Kiev (CMH), iLeningrad-mveliso "Red Oktobha", kwisixeko Gorky (GMZ) Irbit (IMZ), kwi-mveliso Moscow isithuthuthu (MMZ). Ekuqaleni ngesithuthuthu enzima M-72 yaveliswa kuphela zohanjiso ukuya emkhosini. Le umatshini mayixhotyiswe umpu umatshini ukukhanya, leyo zixhonywe phambi stroller. Le bhayisekile abafikanga kwicandelo yoluntu koshishino, yaye ukuba umntu abe "top" kwi-M-72, isima, kwaye umatshini eyakhethwayo ngaphandle ingcaciso.

mission empini

Motorcycle M-72 lahlelwa kunye ukusetyenziswa kwegama elithi "isikrweqe", nangona akazange vehicles. Izikhwebu kwi iiyunithi yomkhosi njini kwaye isithuthi isiseko nomkhosi lwa ezweni elisithabazi. amadabi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II akazange abe isithuthuthu, kuba engenguye ekhuselweyo nokrwece utshaba kunye iimbumbulu. Kwanele ukuba Isiqwenga amancinane am ukuba ukungena injini isima, amajoni wahlala medical baza bafa. Ukusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo M-72 kwenzeke kuphela xa ukuhlaselwa ngumbane, xa kusemnandi wothuka xa utshaba edidekile yaye akakwazi ukumelana.

Qala of production

Kwase ye-M-72 yaba ngesithuthuthu waseJamani BMW R71, umzekelo iqhelekileyo izakheko Wehrmacht. Abahlanu ezi izithuthuthu zaye zathengwa ngasese eSweden, ukuya eMoscow, wachithwa kunye eluviweni. Ngo March 1941 Moscow ngesithuthuthu mveliso waqalisa imveliso kwefom Russian. salman eSoviet yaba mbi akukho ngaphezu nogxa wakhe German, nangona umatshini umgca zendibano baya rhoqo. iiyunithi ezisisiseko kunye namacandelo ngesithuthuthu eyenziweyo kwi iifektri ezahlukeneyo: injini yenza mveliso imoto ogama emva Stalin, gearbox - on AZLK (uLenin Komsomol Plant), stroller kunye umphini eveliswa kwi ndingaz kwisixeko Gorky. Ngenxa yoko, ekuqaleni, ukukhululwa M-72 isithuthuthu ezicwangcisiweyo kwaphazanyiswa yi yokungafani zabathengisi.

ngemva kwempi

Ngexesha lemfazwe, ngesithuthuthu M-72 yaveliswa kwizityalo akhiwe kule anthrax kwindawo ngobungxamo. ke Kuye kongezwa isalathisi igama "phambene". Ukuphela kwemfazwe, eSoviet Union kubekho yachuma ngaphandle, urhulumente wazama ukufumana imali kangangoko ngokuthengisa iimpahla kwamanye amazwe. M-72, isithuthuthu eSoviet kumazwe angaphandle kwiminyaka 50 kumazwe angaphandle kukuninzi. M-72 "phambene" ngokuzithandela kuthengwa eYurophu. Simple uyilo nokuthembeka ziye iingxoxo eziphambili ngakwicala imodeli.

Ukususela ngowe-1955 isithuthuthu "phambene" M-72 baqalisa ezithengisa kubemi ngaphakathi elizweni. version kuthuthwa hlukile eziphuculweyo injini, isakhelo ngamandla, lo torque yokusasaza injini ukujikeleza ukuya buyo ivili. Itanki gas iye zinokuhonjiswa othi "Irbit". Ngegama cars iitrayisikile babegqalwa njengabantu abanini bazo, kodwa kuphela loxolo. Xa imfazwe, ngesithuthuthu ngalinye "phambene" M-72 ukuba zithengwe ngokuzalisa irikhwizishini ize ithunyelwe kuyo ngaphambili.

iimpawu technical

Uyilo M-72 kahle waya yokuthutha inkqubo ibandla, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukukhupha iqela elikhulu koomatshini kwixesha elifutshane ixesha. imveliso ngesithuthuthu ke ukuzidambisa yi ngumnqweno abayili bamajikazi ukuba ukuphucula indlela technical Ipharamitha iindlela ngamnye. salman German BMW R21 iqulethe eziliqela ezintsha zezobugcisa azizange zifakwe kwinkqubo eyayisetyenziswa esikhungwini version eSoviet. Ngoko ke, iinjineli babefuna ukubamba up wazibeka imveliso yonke impumelelo luncedo leengcali German.

Inyathelo elilandelayo yaba uphuhliso loyilo: isakhelo kabini, kabini izixhobo shift - azisebenzisele-utyando, kwaye (ngesithuthuthu ekhethiwe), dampers spring ukunqunyanyiswa ngasemva, isakhiwo owawusisibonakude ngaphambili yokwela. Kunokuba transfer chain uphawu isithuthuthu eSoviet driveline lusekiwe. ngokwahlukana Kwenziwe cylinder amandla, kule meko isungule isiBeki isithuthuthu.

design injini

Malunga ilungiselelo cylinder zinika ukulingana ezilungileyo motor ezidityaniswe kwiziko esezantsi womxhuzulane, nto leyo imi kubude 592 mm. components Auxiliary - generator, impompo oyile, Isibali - phendula nge gear drives. cylinder zentsimbi Siphose zagutyungelwa i paint ekhethekileyo emnyama ezineempawu ubushushu ezingatshiyo. crankshaft lweMveli wasebenza iibheringi inaliti. Iintonga connecting ahluka, wahlala elowo phezu igeza yakhe entanyeni. Oku kubandakanye yezihlunu ukubana tyaba iziqulathi kwixabiso 39.2 mm xa kuthelekiswa namanye. crankshaft babefanelwe kunciphisa ubude crankcase ngenxa olindelwe (18 mm) phakathi ezidleleni kunye crankpins.

Izixhobo zomkhosi

Xa ngesithuthuthu M-72 ngobuwena yoluntu amalungu iseli nangoku kusekwa emthethweni, kwakunye isixhobo ukujikajika kwindlela umpu womatshini RPD. Kulo mzekelo, umnini omtsha babengenalo ilungelo ukuncothula kwizibiyeli umkhosi. M-72 - isithuthuthu, nto leyo uthumele ifoto kwiphepha - ngumzekelo obalaseleyo leSoviet.

ubungcono

Ukususela ngowe-1956 Irbit Motor Plant watshintshela kukhombisa M-72M, nto leyo wayehlukile izincedisi eziliqela wangaphambili. imigqomo wazaphula zaye ziyanyuswa IiCD ezikhethekileyo istampu, ukuphucula iiasi ukuyinyusa elilelona angasemva indawo iphiko ezahlukeneyo zokuhlanjululwa ngakumbi nenenkuthalo ubumdaka yayo ancamathelayo. iphiko Front yayinyuka kwaye zigxunyekwe isahlulo esiqingqiweyo yokwela ngaphambili. Isitulo zatshintsha lwesimo zayo.

zokulungisa Sport

Issue M-72M zange kube kudala, "IMZ" Kungekudala ndayeka ukuya kwimveliso yemodeli M-61. Ukongeza izithuthuthu umgamgatho, isityalo Irbite phambili ukulungisa kwezemidlalo M-72K, ulwakhiwo ayisindi, kunye nomthamo wenjini iilitha ezingama-30. s., exhotyiswe isixhobo ukutshintsha ivelufa ixesha.

M-72K, senzelwe imidyarho motocross, ekhutshwe kunye duct ezizodwa, ithatha umoya ubunzima ukusuka kwitanki yolawulo phezulu. Ngesithuthuthu Wheel "izihlangu" kwi ivili kunye ipateni enilinyatheleyo nzulu. Le okuphambili kususiwe, ubunzima iyonke kuncitshiswa kwicala ekukhanyeni itreyila.

Motorcycle M-72, abaza kuzisebenzisa

ESoviet Union, ngenxa yokuba uqoqosho acwangcisiweyo, ukuveliswa abaza kuzisebenzisa wavuswa ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba iindlela zobugcisa kufuneka nakanjani ukubonelela izakhiwo ukulungiswa. Ngoko ke, siye kumisa uluhlu lwempahla, nto leyo iminyaka ubuthe uthuli ezikwindawo yokugcina impahla. Njengazo zonke izithuthuthu kwexesha eSoviet, i-M-72 banikwa kunye iintsimbi eminyaka ezayo. Okwangoku, ukunqongophala ikhithi ye ngesithuthuthu esindayo iMfazwe Yehlabathi Second apho.

Ngesithuthuthu M-72, ixabiso

Okwangoku kwimarike kwezithuthi yesibini-ngesandla eninzi-NMMU. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle kunye M-72 "phambene". Kukho nkqu Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga - izithuthuthu Retro ukukhulula ngo-1957. Iindleko ixhomekeke ngokuziswa kweencwadi ezikolweni zazo - ukuba nje imoto emithathu-ezinamavili ukuba ngumhlwa, oko kuxabisa amawaka 10 engange. Kodwa ukuba ibhayisekile iye yaluphumelela bazamile zobugcisa kwakhona iteknoloji efanelekileyo, abe nokuchaza intetho abalasela, esi sixa ukwandisa ku 399 lamawaka engange, njengoko akukho isithuthuthu, kunye Retro kuphela.