Isikhululo samandla esithili sesithili saseKheababinsk: imbali, i-modern-day

I-GRES i-Chelyabinsk yakhiwa ngexesha lokuchaneka kwelo lizwe kwaye yaba ngowokugqibela kwinqanaba lezikhululo ze-GOELRO. Emva kokuqaliswa kwayo, isakhono sityalo sasijoliswe ukuba sisetyenziswe ukutshisa umzi kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini amancinci ambalwa. Kodwa ngenxa yamandla atholakalayo iChelyabinsk kunye nommandla waqala ukuphuhliswa kwazo ngokukhawuleza.

Imbali

I-GRES i-Chelyabinsk yayisisigxina, isikhululo samashumi amabini anesixhenxe, esakhiwe ngokwecebo le-GOELRO. Le projekthi yaphuhliswa ngowe-1923, yalungiselela ukwakhiwa kwesitishi esinee-turbines ezimbini, ngasinye sino-5000 kW, kunye nezixhobo zeShaturskaya GRES nazo zibandakanyeka. Ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngowe-1927, amandla okucwangciswa okuyi-150 MW. Isikhululo sasibekwe kwishumi lokuqala lokuqala kwe-Oktobha 6, 1927.

I-generator yokuqala yavelisa amandla oshishino ngo-1930, ngoSeptemba 15, kwiminyaka emibili kamva i-Chelyabinsk GRES yanika amandla ka-100 MW, uphawu loyilo lwafike ngo-1935. Amandla kagesi afunyenweyo ayecetywayo ukuba ahanjiswe kumaziko oshishino aseKyshtym, eKarabash, eZlatoust.

Ukuphuhliswa kweCheababinsk kunye nommandla

Isityalo esinamandla kwisithili saseChelyabinsk, emva kokusungulwa, saba ngunyusa ekuphuhliseni imboni yendawo. Yayisisitishi samandla esinamandla eMzantsi Urals. Izicwangciso zokuqala zokuphuhliswa kommandla zibandakanya ukwakhiwa komfaki ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwezitena ze-sand-lime kunye ne-factory factory. Ezi zicwangciso ezizithobayo zokusebenzisa amandla afunyenweyo zahlaziywa ngokubhekiselele kwingcamango yokukhuphisana kwelizwe eliye lavela.

I-GRES i-Chelyabinsk ivule ixesha lokwakhiwa kwamashishini obalulekileyo boshishino. Ngethuba elincinane, izityalo ezininzi zaqaliswa - izityalo zetrakta, isityalo se-metallurgical, isityalo se-ferroalloy, ipeyinti kunye nesityalo se-varnish, i-factory factory, i-zinc kunye namanye amabhizinisi esi sixeko kunye nommandla.

Umsebenzi wesisitishi wasombulula ingxaki ebalulekileyo - ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwelahle eliphantsi le-Ural yamalahle. Ngowe-1930, izityalo ezininzi zamandla, kuquka i-Chelyabinskaya GRES, zahlanganiswa kwinkqubo enye - Uralenergo. Isikhululo sasixhunyiwe kumgca weSverdlovsk ngo-1931 ngokusuka kombane waseKyshtym-Ufaley. Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokusebenza, amandla angama-121 MW, ngo-1936 iithagethi zokuyila zaziyi-150 MW.

Umsebenzi ozinzile

Ngexesha lemfazwe ka-1941-1945, i-Chelyabinsk GRES ingazange iphazamise umbane kumashishini okukhusela esi sixeko kunye nommandla. Ukuzaliseka ngempumelelo kwemisebenzi, i-ChGRES yanikezwa iMyalelo weLenin.

Ekupheleni kwe-50-60s, isityalo samandla aseChelyabinsk - enye yeyokuqala kwii-Urals - yakhiwe kwakhona. Ngenxa yesiphumo samanje, kwakukho ithuba lokuvelisa ubushushu nombane. Ukugqibela kwexesha elidlulileyo lexesha elichaphazelekayo lithetha ukutshintshwa kwesitshixo samandla kwilahle kunye negesi, kwaye ukususela ngowe-1963 igesi yendalo isetyenziswe njengotshwala wokusebenza ngokungaphazamiseki.

Iintshukumo eziMinyaka ezithoba

Ngowe-1993, inkampani yaseChelyabenergo yatshintsha imeko yayo yomthetho ibe yinkampani yokubambisana kunye ne-OJSC Chelyabenergo. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, ngo-2005, kwisiseko sesicwangciso sesizwe sokuguqula icandelo lamandla, i-Chelyabenergo Open Joint-Stock Company yabelwa isakhiwo seCheababinskaya Ukuvelisa inkampani ", inxalenye yayo yayiyi-Chelyabinsk GRES. Kwixesha lokuqhubeka nokuguqulwa, i-Fortum OJSC yakhiwa, edibene neChelyabinsk Generation Inkampani kunye ne-Tyumen Regional Generation Inkampani.

Ukuziphucula

Ngonyaka ka-2007, i-ChGRES ithathe indawo yendawo enezixhobo zamandla ezingasetyenziswayo ukususela ngo-1931. I-turbine endala ye-Metropolitan Vickers ithathelwe indawo yeso sixhobo sendibano sasekhaya esenziwa kwi-Kaluga Turbine Plant. Isigaba esilandelayo sesimanje saqala ngo-2012 kunye nokwakhiwa kwamagumbi amatsha amatsha, ngamnye nombane wamandla angama-247.5 MW, kunye negunya le-thermal ye-150 Gcal / h. Ukuqaliswa kwesibini kwe-CHGES kwenzeka ngo-Oktobha 18, 2016.

Emva komsebenzi, isitishi sigcinwe ithuba lokuvelisa amandla omshushu kunye nombane. Amandla ashushu angama 700 Gcal / h, amandla kagesi angama-494 MW. Ukuchaneka koyilo lwesityalo esihlangeneyo-52%, ephakamileyo kakhulu kunexabiso eliqhelekileyo (malunga ne-35%).

GRES eTroitsk

I-Troitskaya GRES (esifundeni saseChelyabinsk) ikhona kwisixeko, apho ifumana khona igama layo. Isitishi sakhiwe ngo-1960, namhlanje siyinxalenye yoshishino lwe-OGK-2. Ngethuba lokusebenza, amaza amabini anamhlanje ayenziwa.

Eyokuqala yenzeke ngexesha le-2008-2012, ngexesha lezinto zokusebenza zokucoca zatshintshwa. Ngo-2013-2014, iiyunithi zamandla uNombolo 8 no-9 zatshintshwa, kwaye i-unit entsha yamandla ayi-10 yakhiwe. Okwangoku, amandla ombane we-Troitskaya GRES anama-1,400 MW, kwaye ukuphuma kweshushu ku-515 Gcal / h. Inani elipheleleyo labasebenzi besiteshini ngabantu abayi-1154. Ilahlekile zisetyenziswe njengotshisi, ukutshiswa kuqhutywe kusetyenziswa ioli yeoli. Isikhululo sikhishini elisakha isixeko, apho ilali le-GRES (esifundeni saseChelyabinsk) ikhona.

Ukuhlaliswa kwe-GRES

Idolophana yaseGREES (iTroitsk, esifundeni saseChelyabinsk) yakhiwe ngo-1954. Kwakungoku ngeli xesha umsebenzi wokuqala wokwakhiwa kwesitishi samandla kagesi samanzi senzeke. Ngo-2014, isigubho sama-60 sendawo yokuhlaliswa yayibhiyozelwa ngokugqibeleleyo. Ininzi yabemi bayo basebenza eTroitskaya GRES, kufuphi nalapho kwavela khona. Namhlanje, malunga nabantu abayi-11 lamawaka bahlala apha. Umqathango jikelele wezithuthi zezindlu kunye nezonxibelelwano zigqityiwe, kodwa kwiminyaka ezayo akukho namnye oceba ukulungisa nokulungiswa kwemali kwiziko leziseko. Okwangoku, ukulawulwa kweTroitskaya GRES kuzama ukutshintshela ukuhlala kwi-balance of the city of Troitsk.