Ivan Pyryev: engobomi, ubomi lobuqu, PIU, iifoto

Ivan Pyryev - edume yiSoviet umlawuli umboniso, ngubani wanika abantu ezininzi movie kwengqondo. Bajonga ngoku. Lindani usithande. italente yakhe lixesha.

Abantu abaninzi khumbula nazi ngubani Ivan Pyrev. Biography ubomi lalo mzobo enkulu cinema eSoviet isekhona ngumxholo abahlalutyi engxoxo, ababhali-mbali kunye abalandeli movie Soviet.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalwa 11.04.1901 ngonyaka. Indawo yokuzalwa: kwilali kameň-na-Obi (zeAltai Territory). Njengabo bonke abalimi belo xesha, abazali bakhe wachitha iintsuku yonke emasimini. Ukongeza, sizama ukubonelela usapho kunye mali ezongezelelweyo, unina kunye uyise Vanya bancinane ukulayisha isonka loke enkulu. Ngowe-1904, utata wakhe wayengekho - ambulala umlo. Emva koko, unina waya kusebenza, kwaye uIvan washiywa ezandleni kayise Osip Komogorov. Waza wahlala kwintsapho enkulu abonwabileyo Nabo Old njengomkhulu iminyaka eli-10. Xa Vanya akugqiba ibanga lesithathu, unina wakhe weza kuye. Wahamba waya Mariinsky, apho zizithathela ukubola Ishmukhametov Amirov. Yena wayenza orhwebo iziqhamo kwimarike, yena wayeyindoda ndlongondlongo kunye onephuku, yaye xa wayesela, waziphosa empini. Umama nonyana ubunzima ezihlekisayo Amirov okwangoku. Kodwa kanye ukuvuthwa Vanya akwazi ukumelana. Ngexesha nabanxilayo bayilimaza utata elandelayo wambamba izembe kunye wabalekiselwa Amirov. Kwaye kwacaca ukuba saba lavaka kunye lilinono; yena wabaleka ignominiously waza wazimela kwisikhululo samapolisa. Emva koko Ivan yayingekho enye, waya 'ebantwini. "

ulutsha

Ngowe-1915, Ivan Pyryev kunye nomnye oololiwe matutu waya ngaphambili. Walwa kwi-owuva ye-32 kwithala eSiberia, kabili walimala. Kuba Merit Military wafumana ibhaso le George Cross 3 degree 4.

NgoMeyi 1918, waza waphathwa yesifo. Kodwa umzimba young strong ukujongana ngokukhawuleza nesi sifo. Kwaoko ke, emveni kwayo wajoyina i-Red Army kunye yamaBolshevik Party. Umnqweno wakhe ukuze uphumelele kwamenza ngaphandle zesiqhelo Red Army kamva wonyuselwa inkokeli yokuqala lwezopolitiko emva koko udushe. Kwaba lelo xesha ke Pyrev waqalisa ukufunda esikolweni yeqonga Gubprofsoveta. Khona intlanganiso yakhe sibi kunye Grigoriem Aleksandrovym, nto leyo kakhulu azachaphazela isiphelo professional Pyreva.

Ivan ithathe inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo nokucwangciswa phambene Proletkult. Kwisixeko Yekaterinburg wathabatha igama isigaba zeAltai, elifutshane lilungu qembu idrama yobungcali. Ngehlobo lowe-1921 e Yekaterinburg waquqa yesiThathu Moscow Art Theatre. UGrigory Alexandrov no Ivan Pyryev bavuya kakhulu kwaye ukumangaliseka umsebenzi wabo, ukuba kungekudala ndagqiba ukuya eMoscow.

Moscow Ububi

Xa ikomkhulu imisebenzi yokuqala njengento nomdlali mdlalo waba indima Sergeya Eyzenshteyna "I waseMexico." Kwaye kule movie yena kuqala wavela upopayi ngamafutshane ifilim "Glumova Diary." Ke Pyrev esebenza Vsevolod Meyerhold. Abaninzi bakhumbula iwigi yakhe eluhlaza xa wadlala indima Bulanov kwi "Forest". Endleleni, umlawuli elizayo Ivan Pyryev uyalela iiklabhu eziliqela engahlawulwayo apho wayibeka yokususa oratorios kwimiba efanelekileyo, ngoku ixesha.

Ngowe-1923 yena ngempumelelo waphumelela njengomfundi GEKTEMAS isebe olibambela. Kunye nomlawuli, wafunda kangangexesha elithile. Ekugqibeleni, yena wangena ihlabathi bhanya, leyo wayezimisele kangaka. Pyrev kuqala ndandisebenza umlawuli oncedisayo. Eliphezulu kunye italente kwabonakala phantse nangoko waza waqalisa ukuthetha ngaye njengoko "Kumkani abancedisi." Sibukela ze abo eminqubeni elisebezayo, nihlala ninako abancedisi Pyreva, nkqu umlawuli olubuthathaka kakhulu waba nempumelelo.

I films yokuqala

Kakade ke, wayefuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebe lomdiliya ngokwabo. Ngenxa kwenzeka ukonwaba kuba umfana, mfi eSoviet wayesazi ngubani Ivan Pyrev. PIU naye baqala kunye comedy satirical "umfazi wasemzini". Ngumbhalo vhidiyo, ebhalwe ngu N. Erdman kunye A. Mariengof, lwenzelwe lwendalo ehlotyeni. Kwaye ngehlobo lika-1928 yaba leemvula, ukudubula rhoqo elinye ixesha. Ivan Aleksandrovich iiveki elifutshane ezintathu Ndipinde ndawabhala script nokufilimishwa loo movie. Ngoko khusi izakubonisa umfanekiso wayo wokuqala.

Lilinge lokuqala "kungekhona clod." Kodwa ke walandela uthotho lokungaphumeleli. comedy "amagosa karhulumente" Second satirical, ezifotwe 1931, yathotyelwa kwimeko ukugxekwa. Ngenxa yoko, oko kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha, ngenxa ingcamango ngandlel awucaci ifilimu, kwaye impumelelo iye bayicezele eli qela ukupeyinta.

ku eliSetyenzisiweyo

Nelilandelayo umboniso "Ilali wokugqibela" kuye kwachatshazelwa imeko yezopolitiko kunye nezentlalo ixesha, kwaye ingakumbi ukuvela ngokubambiseneyo kunye kumzabalazo ochasene kulaks. Kule ntlanganiso yagqiba ukuba "izilangazelelo emfanekisweni echasene nomdla ngurhulumente", kunye Ivan Pyryev (bona ifoto. Ngezantsi) yasuswa kule kuqulunqo.

Ngowe-1933, IA Pyrev nasekugqibezeleni weqonga ngobomi amantombazana amathathu baseJamani, ebizwa ngokuba "swa kukufa." Abadlali babandakanywe actress Ada Voytsik, uTamara Makarova kunye Veronica Polonsky abanyamezela kakuhle kunye nokudalwa imifanekiso abasebenzi abatsha. Kwaba ngethuba ukusebenza kulo umboniso, phakathi Ada kunye Ivan Wojcik Pyreva ubuhlobo obuhle. Kamva, ndatshata, wazala unyana, Eric.

Ukufumana yena

Emva kokuqhekeka, ubude kwiminyaka embalwa umlawuli wathabatha edlala kwi umbhali screen uCatherine Vinogradskaya umsebenzi, nto leyo waba isihloko olusetyenziswa "Anka". Phantsi kwenkokhelo IA abadlali Pyreva (indima isihloko wacula Ada Voytsik) lithetha ngokugqibeleleyo idrama lokwenyaniso yembali. Ubunkokeli lizwe kuthakazelelwa umfanekiso. Isihloko sokugqibela film "Le itikiti Party."

Noko ke, impumelelo enkulu iifilimu kumboniseli akazange. Kwaye ke akwanelanga ukomeleza kwisikhundla Ivan Alexandrovich kwi "Mosfilm". nengxaki Creative, ayikho ngokupheleleyo ngempumelelo umsebenzi joint kwakhokelela ingxabano kubudlelwane kunye nomfazi wakhe. Pyrev, nkqu babelwe kulawulo, waya eKiev, apho waqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla kukhubazeko nokulungiswa elishicilelwe screenwriter Eugene Pomeschikova. Indlela abasabela ngayo abaphulaphuli kokujonga comedy musical "Rich uMtshakazi" (1939) ziwenze. Isingqisho okukhawulezayo, ubuhle, ngehlombe sehlelwe elungileyo yayibalaseliswa yonke isiqephu mfanekiso, yaye umculo esibhaliweyo ngokukodwa movie Isaaka Dunaevskogo, wenza ibali ngakumbi izinto ezinqwenelwa, fun and sengqiqweni. Indima ephambili movie eyenziwa Marina Ladynina, apho kamva waba yesibini umfazi Ivana Pyreva.

umfazi Marina Ladynina kunye Ndithelekelele

comedy Okulandelayo "Tractor" kwi ibali kancinci waphinda yangaphambili. Noko ke, apha umlinganiswa ophambili, nto leyo kwakhona eziqulethwe kwi kwikhusi M. Ladynina Wayeyindoda enamandla unothanda yaye sinamandla. Kwakhona, inkqubela eyenziwe kunye Pyreva Ladynin phakathi amanani ithandwayo yenkcubeko ixesha.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kulula uthando Marina Ladynin, Ivan Aleksandrovich washiya umfazi wakhe wokuqala Ada Wojcik, kodwa uthando, unyana wakhe uEric akazange avumele go ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko ke wabuyela izihlandlo eziliqela ukuya umfazi wokuqala. Kodwa uthando omtsha sasikhona. Ladynina waba Pyreva kule Ndithelekelele. Yena obekade ezisithoba of tapes bakhe, uninzi lwazo waba nempumelelo enkulu kunye nabaphulaphuli. Ada Voytsik bahlupheka kakhulu. Kwathiwa ukuba waze wafuna ukuzibulala. Kodwa ke ixesha intlungu kunye kabuhlungu. Wayeka emsebenzini.

Ivan Pyryev iphuhlise uhlobo poetics conflict- comedy ombambazelayo, leyo wacula iindumiso emsebenzini kunye nobomi ngenxa ezilungileyo lokhokho. Oku ke kuthwelwe ngempumelelo "heiress" yaye "Abaqhubi Tractor". Le utoliko comedy sele uhlobo comedy eSoviet kwinkulungwane eqhelekileyo yee XX.

beminyaka yemfazwe

Lokudubula enye zikwenza kubonakale ngathi intle yiSoviet film "Pig nomalusi" yaphehlelelwa ngoFebruwari 1941, yaye ngoJuni, kwaqalisa imfazwe. amalungu amaninzi abasebenzi, kuqukwa nam, Ivan Alexandrovich, baye isicelo ngaphambili. Noko ke, zobunkokeli lizwe yayalela ukuba agqibe umsebenzi ngale filimu. Ndikunye Ladynina kwindima isihloko, umfanekiso yaba yimpumelelo enkulu, abe omnye iisimboli ngamandla omoya kunye nokholo intle ngaloo nzima ukuba abantu Russian imfazwe.

Enye ifilimu, apho umsebenzi lwaqhutywa ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II - yi "uNobhala of Communist" (1942). Isixelela malunga nomsebenzi elithile. Umlinganiswa oyintloko, umphathi we yabanqolobi Kochetov (edlalwa zolinganiso Vanina), izenzo zabo olunokwazisa zobugorha waphefumlela abaninzi ukujoyina i "abaphindezeli amajoni zabantu."

Imfazwe ekhubazekile imiphefumlo ezigidi abemi Soviet. Ukuze bafake abantu, IA Pyrev ususa film "ngentsimbi yesithandathu ngokuhlwa emva kwemfazwe". Ngethamsanqa, umqondisi creative le ndlela yokuqikelela uloyiso ayeprofeta.

Ngoko, kwi umboniso siye na wasebenzisa igama elithi "musical". Kodwa ke kule uhlobo wadutyulwa "ngentsimbi yesithandathu ngokuhlwa emva kwemfazwe", yaye lo msebenzi elandelayo Pyreva "ballad aseSiberia" (1948). Kweli omnye umboniso ekhombisa elisandul iyasebenza umfazi wesibini ka-Ivan Alexandrovich Marina Ladynina. Kungekudala bobabini wawongwa isihloko amagcisa Abantu USSR.

uthando Last

Oku kwalandela enye film "Kuban Cossacks", nto leyo eye yaba lihlelo. Le comedy romantic, apho M. Ladynina wadlala enye iindima akhe, kwaye ngoku ivuyela ithandwa enkulu phakathi abathandi movie.

Yaba enye yomsebenzi wabo wokugqibela ezidibeneyo. Ivan Pyryev, ubomi lobuqu, yaye elo xesha de sasingumba kwengxoxo kuyo yonke imida kwakhona bachukunyiswa wonke kunye bakhe bothando.

Iqala umsebenzi film "vavanyo lokunyaniseka" okanye Pyrev okanye Ladynina ayikwazanga ukucinga ukuba mfanekiso iya kuxhomekeka kubo lesiprofeto. Marina A. wadlala Umfazi uya umyeni wakhe. Oko ngeli xesha, uIvan Aleksandrovich edibana umfana actress Lyudmila Marchenko.

Yena, njengokuba umntu oqolileyo, iwela eyayithandana ubuhle oselula, ukulala naye ngezipho kunye neendima ezintsha. Noko ke, Lyudmila, waba mdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba ooyise okanye kwanootatomkhulu zange aphendule kumabango Pyreva okanye "ewe" okanye "hayi", esoyika ingqumbo ukungavumi categorical abaziintloko esiphezulu. Emva koko ke wabuyela entsatsheni, ngoko ishiya kwakhona. Wawuqala iminyaka eliqela de Marina Alekseevna Ladynina akasifakanga ngenjongo mtshato. Reaction Pyreva, ngelo xesha ndaqonda ukuba Marchenko akayi ukunxibelelanisa kunye ubomi bakhe, silwe kakhulu. Wakhe wamsongela ukuba Ladynina ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wakhe; uya kwenjenjalo, ukuze kungabikho umlawuli akazange uyimema. Noko ke, oko unandipha umlinganiswa nkqi, kodwa umtshato. Kwaye Ivan Pyrev, engobomi, ubomi lwangasese baqalisa ukuba kuxoxwe ngazo ngqungquthela iqela, wakuzalisa sisongelo lwakhe, mna O Ladyninoy phantse ulibele. Wabizwa kwi ekhaphethini, ngoko wayeka ku xanisiwa ka umdlali Lyudmila Marchenko, kodwa wathi ukuba uthando lwakhe lokugqibela ngaphandle Lyunechki (njengoko ebememeza Lyudmila), nje ngeke isebenze. Kwaba lelo xesha ke, Marchenko otshatileyo ngaphandle kwesizathu okungalawulekilyo umsindo Pyreva. Ngayo, wenza okufanayo ngokungathi Ladynina, ngokomyalelo ukuthintela abalawuli wammema ukuba aye kwaye adale nemiqobo kumsebenzi kumabala emidlalo.

Ivan Pyryev and Lionella Pyreva: ubomi kunye nomsebenzi kule minyaka 50 -60h

Emva kokuyeka emsebenzini wakhe entloko, ushenxisa ngempumelelo lithathelwe Dostoevsky kaThixo "I bwino" inoveli. Noko ke, emva umsebenzi wakhe phezu inoveli efanayo Dostoevsky kaThixo "Ubusuku White" ayiphumelelanga.

Ngeli xesha lokudala sokugqibela ikakhulu wayenza imisebenzi yasekuhlaleni. Pyrev wonyulwa usekela of the Supreme yiSoviet waseUSSR, yaye kamva wasebenza usekela-sihlalo Greater Arts Council of the Ministry of Cinematography USSR. Kwabakho umlawuli imifanekiso "Mosfilm" kunye nomlawuli walo.

Kamva watshata actress, owaba ngumfazi wakhe wokugqibela. It Lionella Skirda. Ivan Pyryev nabafazi baye umxholo ekhethekileyo kwiincoko bohemians metropolitan. Lionella ndandiselula ngaphezu nomyeni wakhe kangangeminyaka engama-37. Ukongeza, njengoko kusitshiwo kufutshane ebantwini Pyreva, akazange beyeka oluthando ndimgatyile Lyudmila Marchenko. Umlawuli ayekwimeko edandathekile, yaye oku wathabatha Lionella oselula.

Usuku lokugqibela lokuphila

Xa Union of Cinematographers, imibutho Pyreva, amkelwa, walahlekelwa isihlalo osisikhokhelo komnye umntu, waza ukuguqulela i xhego ngephupha: ". Abazalwana Karamazov" kukhubazeko ifilimu Le series yokuqala wadutyulwa. Total izicwangciso ezintathu. Yena, njengesiqhelo, babesebenza ngokuzinikela ngokupheleleyo. Februwari 7, 1968, waza wabuyela ekhaya, njengesiqhelo, emva kwexesha kwaye udinwe. Ndaya kulala bangaze bevuka.

Ewe, yena lo ungumzekeliso ozise impikiswano. Kodwa ngegalelo lakhe kwimbali cinema eSoviet kuba ibingenakubalwa. Wadala Imizobo, ukusuka apho zivele ulonwabo nokuthantamisa. Ukuba alawule, alawule, olungagungqiyo, oku uIvan Pyrev, ogama engobomi ubonisa ngokunxulumene wakhe ehlabathini, ukuze nithandane. Wayefuna ukuba yonke into ukusuka nabaphila yonke imihla njengoko wokugqibela.